The World’s Oldest Profession? Employment-Age Profiles from the Transactional Sex Market
| Jun 29, 2019
About this article
Published Online: Jun 29, 2019
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/izajolp-2019-0001
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© 2019 Nicholas Wilson, published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.
Figure 1
Figure 2
Employment-Age Profiles, Employment in Transactional Sex
| Dependent variable: | Employed in transactional sex (Yes=100, No=0) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | (5) | (6) | |
| Age | -0.140*** | -0.136*** | -0.137*** | |||
| (0.023) | (0.022) | (0.023) | ||||
| Age 20-24 | -1.470* | -1.387* | -1.294* | |||
| (0.813) | (0.754) | (0.743) | ||||
| Age 25-29 | -3.116*** | -2.824*** | -2.787*** | |||
| (0.746) | (0.678) | (0.674) | ||||
| Age 30-34 | -3.063*** | -2.909*** | -2.879*** | |||
| (0.758) | (0.716) | (0.715) | ||||
| Age 35-39 | -3.766*** | -3.407*** | -3.416*** | |||
| (0.804) | (0.739) | (0.741) | ||||
| Age 40-44 | -3.874*** | -3.835*** | -3.833*** | |||
| (0.798) | (0.766) | (0.774) | ||||
| Age 45-49 | -3.919*** | -3.795*** | -3.765*** | |||
| (0.861) | (0.789) | (0.789) | ||||
| District and survey year/month fixed effects | NO | YES | YES | NO | YES | YES |
| Individual-level controls | NO | NO | YES | NO | NO | YES |
| Observations | 8,359 | 8,359 | 8,359 | 8,359 | 8,359 | 8,359 |
Possible Mechanisms Underlying Transactional Sex Employment-Age Profiles
| Dependent variable: | Employed in transactional sex (Yes=100, No=0) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | (5) | (6) | |
| Age | -0.138*** | -0.081*** | -0.086*** | |||
| (0.023) | (0.019) | (0.020) | ||||
| Age 20-24 | -1.379* | 0.205 | 0.105 | |||
| (0.758) | (0.727) | (0.728) | ||||
| Age 25-29 | -2.906*** | -0.903 | -1.044 | |||
| (0.707) | (0.626) | (0.638) | ||||
| Age 30-34 | -3.001*** | -0.923 | -1.066 | |||
| (0.725) | (0.708) | (0.691) | ||||
| Age 35-39 | -3.551*** | -1.550** | -1.710** | |||
| (0.791) | (0.637) | (0.671) | ||||
| Age 40-44 | -3.976*** | -2.112*** | -2.281*** | |||
| (0.798) | (0.682) | (0.687) | ||||
| Age 45-49 | -3.899*** | -2.080*** | -2.238*** | |||
| (0.828) | (0.701) | (0.728) | ||||
| Employed outside | 0.001 | 0.004 | 0.003 | 0.003 | ||
| of transactional sex | (0.003) | (0.004) | (0.003) | (0.004) | ||
| Married | -3.489*** | -3.518*** | -3.554*** | -3.560*** | ||
| (0.819) | (0.834) | (0.858) | (0.863) | |||
| District and survey year/month fixed effects | YES | YES | YES | YES | YES | YES |
| Additional individual-level controls | YES | YES | YES | YES | YES | YES |
| Observations | 8,359 | 8,359 | 8,359 | 8,359 | 8,359 | 8,359 |
Age Distribution by Occupation
| Standard deviation | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Mean age | of age | Observations | |
| (1) | (2) | (3) | |
| Transactional sex | 23.41 | 7.67 | 218 |
| Protective services | 29.37 | 8.02 | 142 |
| Agriculture | 30.01 | 9.09 | 2,977 |
| Sales | 30.53 | 8.28 | 1,223 |
| Crafts | 31.25 | 8.74 | 166 |
| Other | 31.42 | 8.06 | 543 |
Descriptive Statistics
| Mean | Standard deviation | |
|---|---|---|
| (1) | (2) | |
| Age | 27.94 | 9.16 |
| Age 15-19 | 0.22 | 0.41 |
| Age 20-24 | 0.21 | 0.41 |
| Age 25-29 | 0.18 | 0.39 |
| Age 30-34 | 0.14 | 0.35 |
| Age 35-39 | 0.11 | 0.31 |
| Age 40-44 | 0.08 | 0.28 |
| Age 45-49 | 0.06 | 0.24 |
| Married | 0.60 | 0.49 |
| Primary school completion | 0.52 | 0.50 |
| Secondary school completion | 0.12 | 0.32 |
| Employed in transactional sex | 0.03 | 0.16 |
| Employed outside of transactional sex | 0.60 | 0.49 |
| 0.36 | 0.48 | |
| 0.15 | 0.35 | |
| 0.02 | 0.14 | |
| 0.02 | 0.13 | |
| 0.06 | 0.25 | |
| Observations | 8,359 |
Employment-Age Profiles, Employment Outside of Transactional Sex
| Dependent variable: | Employed (Yes=100, No=0): | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Outside of transactional sex | Agriculture | Sales | Crafts | Protective services | Other | Outside of transactional sex | Agriculture | Sales | Crafts | Protective services | Other | |
| (1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | (5) | (6) | (7) | (8) | (9) | (10) | (11) | (12) | |
| Age | 1.529*** | 0.584*** | 0.496*** | 0.083*** | 0.035* | 0.331*** | ||||||
| (0.122) | (0.073) | (0.101) | -0.02 | (0.0180) | (0.065) | |||||||
| Age 20-24 | 28.636*** | 12.083*** | 11.204*** | 1.287*** | 1.742*** | 2.319*** | ||||||
| (1.716) | (1.958) | (1.743) | (0.433) | (0.466) | (0.869) | |||||||
| Age 25-29 | 40.145*** | 13.553*** | 16.029*** | 2.027*** | 1.742*** | 6.794*** | ||||||
| (2.726) | (2.229) | (2.618) | (0.423) | (0.607) | (1.188) | |||||||
| Age 30-34 | 41.089*** | 13.598*** | 14.849*** | 2.467*** | 2.422*** | 7.754*** | ||||||
| (3.216) | (2.179) | (2.734) | (0.623) | (0.631) | (1.645) | |||||||
| Age 35-39 | 45.576*** | 14.079*** | 17.825*** | 2.385*** | 1.351** | 9.937*** | ||||||
| (3.197) | (2.303) | (2.784) | (0.586) | (0.527) | (1.815) | |||||||
| Age 40-44 | 48.366*** | 20.192*** | 17.745*** | 1.815*** | 1.448*** | 7.165*** | ||||||
| (3.826) | (2.804) | (3.729) | (0.624) | (0.538) | (1.822) | |||||||
| Age 45-49 | 45.371*** | 18.837*** | 12.946*** | 3.091*** | 1.657** | 8.839*** | ||||||
| (2.695) | (2.903) | (2.654) | (0.837) | (0.768) | (1.528) | |||||||
| District and survey year/ month fixed effects | YES | YES | YES | YES | YES | YES | YES | YES | YES | YES | YES | YES |
| Individual-level controls | YES | YES | YES | YES | YES | YES | YES | YES | YES | YES | YES | YES |
| Observations | 8,359 | 8,359 | 8,359 | 8,359 | 8,359 | 8,359 | 8,359 | 8,359 | 8,359 | 8,359 | 8,359 | 8,359 |