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Short-term effects of cadmium and mercury on soil nematode communities in a pot experiment

Y. Lü
Y. Lü
, 
X. Chen
X. Chen
, 
W.F. Xue
W.F. Xue
 and 
W.D. Zhang
W.D. Zhang
   | May 23, 2020
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Published Online: May 23, 2020
Page range: 145 - 153
Received: Sep 14, 2019
Accepted: Dec 26, 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/helm-2020-0015
Keywords
© 2020 Y. Lü, X. Chen, W. F. Xue, W. D. Zhang, published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.

Fig. 1

Principal components analysis (PCA) of nematode abundance in different treatments. Species fit range more than 20% were presented.
Principal components analysis (PCA) of nematode abundance in different treatments. Species fit range more than 20% were presented.

Soil chemical properties and heavy metal concentrations.

Heavy metals addition (mg/kg)Heavy metals contents after remediation (mg/kg)Average root weight (g/DW plant)pHSoil organic matter (g/kg)
Cd HgCdHg
0 00.21 ± 0.010.14 ± 0.010.0236.86 ± 0.27a40.76 ± 1.95a
5 04.12 ± 0.320.13 ± 0.010.0326.33 ± 0.21b42.88 ± 1.54a
0 200.21 ± 0.0118.17 ± 0.670.0246.68 ± 0.30ab41.31 ± 2.86a
5 204.19 ± 0.4516.38 ± 0.580.0366.42 ± 0.33ab40.69 ± 3.07a

Relative abundance (%) of nematode genera in control (CK) and polluted pots.

GenusGuildCKCd-5Hg-20Cd5 + Hg20
PanagrolaimusBF10.62 ± 0.61b0.00 ± 0.00b5.51 ± 1.14a5.15 ± 0.67a
RhabditisBF111.04 ± 0.86a3.33 ± 3.33b9.74 ± 1.12ab7.72 ± 1.92ab
MesorhabditisBF13.46 ± 1.03a1.75 ± 1.75a4.23 ± 0.38a2.29 ± 1.17a
AcrobelesBF21.68 ± 0.92a0.00 ± 0.00a1.28 ± 1.28a0.00 ± 0.00a
AcrobeloidesBF232.30 ± 1.52ab29.70 ± 2.68ab27.95 ± 4.56b42.18 ± 6.71a
HeterocephalobusBF22.89 ± 0.56a1.75 ± 1.75a1.67 ± 1.67a1.01 ± 1.01a
EucephalobusBF22.27 ± 0.46a0.00 ± 0.00a2.56 ± 1.23a3.57 ± 2.23a
CervidellusBF20.61 ± 0.61a0.00 ± 0.00a1.28 ± 1.28a1.01 ± 1.01a
PlectusBF20.60 ± 0.60a0.00 ± 0.00a1.28 ± 1.28a1.28 ± 1.28a
ChrohogasterBF20.53 ± 0.53a0.00 ± 0.00a0.00 ± 0.00a1.01 ± 1.01a
PrismatolaimusBF31.19 ± 1.03a5.46 ± 3.21a0.00 ± 0.00a2.29 ± 1.17a
AlaimusBF42.20 ± 1.39b0.00 ± 0.00b0.00 ± 0.00b5.43 ± 1.35a
ParaphelenchusFF20.53 ± 0.53b0.00 ± 0.00b0.00 ± 0.00b5.43 ± 1.35a
PseudhalenchusFF20.61 ± 0.61a0.00 ± 0.00a0.00 ± 0.00a0.00 ± 0.00a
AphelenchoidesFF28.19 ± 1.78a6.94 ± 1.53ab2.95 ± 1.51b1.01 ± 1.01b
BursaphelenchusFF20.00 ± 0.00a0.00 ± 0.00a2.56 ± 1.28a1.28 ± 1.28a
FilenchusFF25.79 ± 0.71b5.27 ± 0.16b27.56 ± 1.70a1.01 ± 1.01c
DiphtherophoraFF30.53 ± 0.53ab3.42 ± 1.71a0.00 ± 0.00b1.01 ± 1.01ab
ParatylenchusPP217.62 ± 0.52b33.58 ± 4.33a8.19 ± 2.05c10.14 ± 3.30bc
HelicotylenchusPP30.00 ± 0.00b3.61 ± 1.81a0.00 ± 0.00b1.01 ± 1.01ab
HeteroderaPP30.53 ± 0.53a1.67 ± 1.67a1.28 ± 1.28a1.01 ± 1.01a
EudorylaimusOP41.20 ± 0.60a3.52 ± 1.77a1.28 ± 1.28a2.29 ± 1.17a
AporcelaimellusOP50.61 ± 0.61a0.00 ± 0.00a0.00 ± 0.00a0.00 ± 0.00a
AporcelaimiumOP51.65 ± 0.92ab0.00 ± 0.00a2.95 ± 1.51b2.86 ± 1.61a
ProdorylaimusOP50.61 ± 0.61a0.00 ± 0.00a0.00 ± 0.00a0.00 ± 0.00a
DiscolaimusOP51.14 ± 0.57a0.00 ± 0.00b0.00 ± 0.00b0.00 ± 0.00b

Ecological indices for nematode community structure in different treatments.

CKCd5Hg20Cd+Hg 5+20
H'2.31 ± 0.21a1.44 ± 0.14b1.91 ± 0.20ab1.68 ± 0.50b
TD2.34 ± 0.22b2.85 ± 0.20a2.42 ± 0.06b1.78 ± 0.22c
J'0.85 ± 0.02a0.70 ± 0.05b0.84 ± 0.03a0.70 ± 0.07b
f/b0.25 ± 0.07b0.29 ± 0.04b0.55 ± 0.02a0.10 ± 0.02c
MI1.71 ± 0.15a2.13 ± 0.23a1.91 ± 0.04a2.16 ± 0.11a
SI47.61 ± 7.76a35.12 ± 17.40a25.76 ± 6.71a43.58 ± 0.13a
EI64.19 ± 4.25a39.15 ± 15.42a61.98 ± 1.05a49.04 ± 15.73a

Absolute abundance (individuals per 100 g dry soil) and relative abundance (%) of nematode guilds in control and polluted pots.

Absolute abundance
CKCd-5Hg-20Cd-Hg 5+20
BF1120.51 ± 11.68a8.40 ± 4.84c30.88 ± 1.56b23.6 ± 4.43b
BF2327.48 ± 26.67a50.04 ± 4.38b57.36 ± 6.00b74.68 ± 8.11b
BF314.16 ± 8.31a8.28 ± 4.22ab0.00 ± 0.00b3.88 ± 1.49ab
BF417.61 ± 11.09a0.00 ± 0.00b0.00 ± 0.00b9.61 ± 2.39a
FF2121.58 ± 23.30a19.52 ± 2.79b52.92 ± 7.46b14.93 ± 2.96b
FF30.00 ± 0.00a5.52 ± 1.67a0.00 ± 0.00a1.84 ± 0.46a
PP2152.25 ± 5.31a52.6 ± 4.23b8.80 ± 2.55c13.92 ± 2.25c
PP34.50 ± 4.50a4.08 ± 0.10a2.20 ± 2. 20a3.72 ± 3.72a
OP49.45 ± 4.73a2.42 ± 1.21b2.16 ±2.16b3.68 ± 1.49b
OP532.01 ± 8.81a0.00 ± 0.00b4.45 ± 2.25b3.87 ±1.94b
BF492.05 ± 48.55a67.61 ± 16.46c88.21 ± 14.12bc115.67 ± 43.74b
FF121.58 ± 23.30a25.14 ± 7.15c52.92 ± 7.46b16.74 ± 6.72c
PP156.91 ± 9.83a56.28 ± 4.89b11.45 ± 3.97c17.98 ± 6.55c
OP(c-p 4-5)42.26 ± 13.04a2.42 ± 1.21b6.61 ± 2.66b7.84 ± 3.72b
c-p 1-2727.47 ± 49.04a130.48 ± 14.24b150.12 ± 21.96b125.92 ± 24.92b
c-p 3-585.71 ± 30.07a20.32 ± 6.31b8.84 ± 6.68b27.06 ± 7.40b
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