Relationship between fall risks and activities of daily living in older individuals

SKA and ABB:	Study conception/design.
ABB and MY:	Data collection/analysis.
SKA:	Drafting of manuscript.
SKA and ABB:	Critical revision for intellectual content.
SKA:	Study supervision.

Variables	n	M ± SD	U	KW	P
Gender			6604.5		0.929
Female	133	11.65 ± 7.10
Male	100	11.78 ± 7.17
Marital Status			4516.0		0.025^*
Married	166	11.03 ± 6.82
Single/Widowed	67	13.45 ± 7.61
Education Level				13.615	0.001^**
Illiterate	87	12.18 ± 7.11
Secondary School	118	12.55 ± 6.90
High School/University	28	6.82 ± 6.38
Working status				26.691	0.000^**
Has no wage-earning job	94	11.32 ± 7.07
Public Servant/Private Sector Worker	43	14.47 ± 7.12
Retired	41	7.32 ± 6.43
One-day jobs	55	13.56 ± 6.14
Income Level				5.509	0.064
Income less than expenses	50	11.76 ± 7.24
Income equal to expenses	149	11.10 ± 7.07
Income more than expenses	34	14.41 ± 6.78
People they live with				9.021	0.061
Living alone	16	9.50 ± 5.62
Living with spouse	45	11.11 ± 7.41
Living with children	63	13.60 ± 6.98
Living with spouse and children	83	10.75 ± 6.82
Other (relatives)	26	12.73 ± 8.10
Having a chronic disease			4999.0		0.008^**
Yes	147	12.76 ± 6.62
No	86	9.95 ± 7.65
Regular use of Medicine			5781.5		0.108
Yes	136	12.43 ± 7.05
No	97	10.74 ± 7.16
Need for support			4324.0		0.372
Yes	52	12.69 ± 6.08
No	181	11.45 ± 7.39

Variables	N	M ± SD	U	KW	P
Gender			6532.0		0.816
Female	133	67.29 ± 26.58
Male	100	69.00 ± 23.73
Marital status			4547.0		0.029^*
Married	166	70.75 ± 23.60
Single/Widowed	67	61.27 ± 28.34
Education level				1.535	0.464
Illiterate	87	65.17 ± 30.08
Secondary School	118	69.11 ± 20.56
High School/University	28	72.32 ± 27.57
Working status				21.240	0.000^**
Has no wage-earning job	94	66.17 ± 29.21
Public Servant/Private Sector Worker	43	69.77 ± 16.51
Retired	41	81.10 ± 20.29
One-day jobs	55	60.09 ± 23.95
Income level				5.669	0.059
Income less than expenses	50	60.80 ± 29.58
Income equal to expenses	149	71.24 ± 23.32
Income more than expenses	34	64.56 ± 25.39
People they live with				12.212	0.016^*
Living alone	16	63.75 ± 30.69
Living with spouse	45	69.89 ± 25.03
Living with children	63	68.25 ± 22.79
Living with spouse and children	83	73.49 ± 21.42
Other (relatives)	26	49.42 ± 32.07
Having a chronic disease			4566.0		0.000^**
Yes	147	63.64 ± 26.18
No	86	75.52 ± 22.08
Regular use of Medicine			5485.0		0.028^*
Yes	136	64.12 ± 28.49
No	97	73.51 ± 18.99
Need for support			3792.0		0.032^*
Yes	52	60.00 ± 30.41
No	181	70.33 ± 23.30

Variables	N	%
Gender
Female	133	57.1
Male	100	42.9
Marital status
Married	166	71.2
Single/Widowed	67	28.8
Education level
Illiterate	87	37.3
Secondary School	118	50.6
High School/University	28	12.0
Working status
Has no wage-earning job	94	40.3
Public Servant/Private Sector Worker	43	18.5
Retired	41	17.6
Self-employed	55	23.6
Income level
Income less than expenses	50	21.5
Income equal to expenses	149	63.9
Income more than expenses	34	14.6
People they live with
Living alone	16	6.9
Living with spouse	45	19.3
Living with children	63	27.0
Living with spouse and children	83	35.6
Other	26	11.2
Need for support
Yes	52	22.3
No	181	77.7
Having a chronic disease
Yes	147	63.1
No	86	36.9
Regular use of medicine
Yes	136	58.4
No	97	41.6

Items	DENN Fall Risks Assessment Scale Total Score		Barthel Index of Activities of Daily Living Total Score		Age

	r	p	r	p	r	p
DENN Fall Risks Assessment Scale Total Score		1
Barthel Index of Activities of Daily Living Total Score	−0.521	0	1
Age	0.261	0	−0.299	0		1

Categorical Assessment of the Scales	n	%
DENN Fall Risks Assessment Scale
Low Risk (0 to 5 point)	53	22.7
Moderate Risk (6 to 9 points)	35	15.0
High Risk (10 points and over)	145	62.2
Barthel Index of Activities of Daily Living (BIADL)
Totally Dependent (0 to 20 points)	12	5.2
Highly Dependent (21 to 61 points)	71	30.5
Moderately Dependent (62 to 90 points)	105	45.1
Mildly dependent (91 to 99 points)	14	6.0
Totally Independent (100 points)	31	13.3