Empirical Validation of Blue Ocean Strategy Sustainability in an International Environment

[1] airBaltic., 2017. airBaltic - Growth and Profit in 2016, airBaltic. [online] Available at: https://www.airbaltic.com/en/airbaltic-growth-profit-2016 [Accessed 13 November 2017].Search in Google Scholar

[2] AirFrance., 2017. Network Maps, Flight Destinations- Air France Airline [online] Available at: https://www.airfrance.fr/FR/en/local/guidevoyageur/reseau/reseau_airfrance_airfrance.htm [Accessed 11 November 2017].Search in Google Scholar

[3] Ansoff, H. I., 1957. Strategies for Diversification. Harvard Business Review, 35(5), pp.113-124.Search in Google Scholar

[4] Barrett, S.D., 2004. The Sustainability of the Ryanair Model. International Journal of Transport Management, 2(2), pp.89-98.10.1016/j.ijtm.2004.12.001Search in Google Scholar

[5] Barrett, S.D., 2011. Ryanair and the Low-cost Revolution. Air Transport in the 21st Century: Key Strategic Developments. Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.Search in Google Scholar

[6] Bonsor, K., 2001, June 14. How Airlines Work. [online] Available at: http://science.howstuffworks.com/transport/flight/modern/airline.htm [Accessed 27 June 2017].Search in Google Scholar

[7] Booz, A., and Hamilton., 2001. How Airlines Can Improve Their on Time Performance. Airlines, Strategic Management. [online] Available at: https://www.scribd.com/document/57802039/How-Airlines-Can-Improve-Their-on-Time-Performance [Accessed 4 November 2017].Search in Google Scholar

[8] Bower, J. L., and Christensen, C. M., 1995. Disruptive Technologies: Catching the Wave. [online] Available at: https://hbr.org/1995/01/disruptive-technologies-catching-the-wave [Accessed 28 June 2017].10.1016/0024-6301(95)91075-1Search in Google Scholar

[9] British Airways., 2013. British Airways Plc Annual Report and Accounts Year ended 31 December 2012. [online] Available at: http://www.iairgroup.com/phoenix.zhtml?c=240949andp=irol-reportsannual [Accessed 4 November 2017].Search in Google Scholar

[10] British Airways., 2014. British Airways Plc Annual Report and Accounts Year ended 31 December 2013. [online] Available at: http://www.iairgroup.com/phoenix.zhtml?c=240949andp=irol-reportsannual [Accessed 4 November 2017].Search in Google Scholar

[11] British Airways., 2015. British Airways Plc Annual Report and Accounts Year ended 31 December 2014. [online] Available at: http://www.iairgroup.com/phoenix.zhtml?c=240949andp=irol-reportsannual [Accessed 4 November 2017]Search in Google Scholar

[12] British Airways., 2016a. British Airways Plc Annual Report and Accounts Year ended 31 December 2015. [online] Available at: http://www.iairgroup.com/phoenix.zhtml?c=240949andp=irol-reportsannual [Accessed 4 November 2017].Search in Google Scholar

[13] British Airways., 2016b. British Airways - BRITISH AIRWAYS FACTSHEET. [online] Available at: http://mediacentre.britishairways.com/factsheets/details/86/Factsheets-3/33 [Accesse d 13 November 2017].Search in Google Scholar

[14] British Airways., 2017a. British Airways, Flights. [online] Available at: https://www.britishairways.com/en-gb/home#/ [Accessed 4 November 2017].Search in Google Scholar

[15] British Airways., 2017b. British Airways, Where we fly. [online] Available at: https://www.britishairways.com/travel/where-we-fly/public/en_gb/map [Accessed 13 November 2017].Search in Google Scholar

[16] British Airways., 2017c. British Airways Plc Annual Report and Accounts Year ended 31 December 2016. [online] Available at: http://www.iairgroup.com/phoenix.zhtml?c=240949andp=irol-reportsannual [Accessed 13 November 2017].Search in Google Scholar

[17] British Airways., 2017d. Collecting Avios, Executive Club, British Airways. [online] Available at: https://www.britishairways.com/en-gb/executive-club/collecting-avios?source=MNVEXC2_collecting_avios [Accessed 4 November 2017].Search in Google Scholar

[18] British Airways., 2017e. Executive Club, British Airways. [online] Available at: https://www.britishairways.com/en-gb/executive-club [Accessed 4 November 2017].Search in Google Scholar

[19] British Airways., 2017f. Miles and Points Calculator. [online] Available at: https://www.britishairways.com/travel/flight-calculator/public/en_gb [Accessed 13 November 2017].Search in Google Scholar

[20] British Airways., 2017g. Tiers and Benefits, Executive Club, British Airways. [online] Available at: https://www.britishairways.com/engb/executive-club/tiers-and-benefits?source=MNVEXC1_tiers_and_benefits [Accessed 4 November 2017].Search in Google Scholar

[21] Carpenter, M. A., and Sanders, W. G., 2008. Strategic Management: A Dynamic Perspective Concepts [With Access Code]. Prentice Hall PTR.Search in Google Scholar

[22] Cauchi, M., 2013. Corporate News: Ryanair Shifts Strategy to Win More Business Travelers. Wall Street Journal, Eastern Edition; New York, N.Y., p. B.7.Search in Google Scholar

[23] Checkmybus., 2017. Find Cheap Bus Tickets. CheckMyBus. [online] Available at: https://www.checkmybus.com/#departureDate=2017-11-20andorigin=London%2451.5073509%2C-0.1277583anddestination=Rome%2441.901895%2C12.498747andsortValue=DepartureandsortOrder=ascendingandradius=15 [Accessed 13 November 2017].Search in Google Scholar

[24] CTK., 2017. Travel Service vloni přepravil o 9,6 % více cestujících (Travel Service carried over 9.6% more passengers last year), ČeskéNoviny.cz. [online] Available at: http://www.ceskenoviny.cz/zpravy/travel-service-vloni-prepravil-o-9-6-vice-cestujicich/1438548 [Accessed 13 November 2017].Search in Google Scholar

[25] Dagnino, G.B., and Padula, G., 2002. Coopetition Strategy: A New Kind of Interfirm Dynamics for Value Creation. Research Gate. Stockholm. [online] Available at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/228605296_Coopetition_Strategy_A_New_Kind_of_Interfirm_Dynamics_for_Value_Creation [Accessed 28 June 2017].Search in Google Scholar

[26] Doganis, R., 2006. The Airline Business. Routledge.10.4324/9780203596807Search in Google Scholar

[27] easyJet., 2010. 2010 Annual Report and Accounts. easyJet. [online] Available at: http://corporate.easyjet.com/~/media/Files/E/Easyjet/pdf/investors/result-center-investor/easyJet_AR10_18_1_2011.pdf [Accessed 14 November 2017].Search in Google Scholar

[28] easyJet., 2011. 2011 Annual Report and Accounts. easyJet. [online] Available at: http://corporate.easyjet.com/~/media/Files/E/Easyjet/pdf/investors/result-center-investor/annual-report-2011.pdf [Accessed 14 November 2017].Search in Google Scholar

[29] easyJet., 2012. 2012 Annual Report and Accounts. easyJet. [online] Available at: http://corporate.easyjet.com/~/media/Files/E/Easyjet/pdf/investors/result-center-investor/annual-report-2012.pdf [Accessed 14 November 2017].Search in Google Scholar

[30] easyJet., 2013. 2013 Annual Report and Accounts. easyJet. [online] Available at: http://corporate.easyjet.com/~/media/Files/E/Easyjet/pdf/investors/result-center-investor/annual-report-2013.pdf [Accessed 14 November 2017].Search in Google Scholar

[31] easyJet., 2014. 2014 Annual Report and Accounts. easyJet. [online] Available at: http://corporate.easyjet.com/~/media/Files/E/Easyjet/pdf/investors/result-center-investor/annual-report-2014.pdf [Accessed 14 November 2017].Search in Google Scholar

[32] easyJet., 2015. 2015 Annual Report and Accounts. easyJet. [online] Available at: http://corporate.easyjet.com/~/media/Files/E/Easyjet/pdf/investors/result-center-investor/annual-report-2015.pdf [Accessed 14 November 2017].Search in Google Scholar

[33] easyJet., 2016. 2016 Annual Report and Accounts. easyJet. [online] Available at: http://corporate.easyjet.com/~/media/Files/E/Easyjet/pdf/investors/result-center-investor/annual-report-2016.pdf [Accessed 14 November 2017].Search in Google Scholar

[34] easyJet., 2017a. easyJet Monthly Traffic Statistics for December 2016. [online] Available at: http://corporate.easyjet.com/investors/traffic-statistics/2016/english/dec [Accessed 14 November 2017].Search in Google Scholar

[35] easyJet., 2017b. Route Map, Flights to European Destinations and Beyond, easyJet. [online] Available at: http://www.easyjet.com/EN/routemap [Accessed 14 November 2017).Search in Google Scholar

[36] Emirates., 2017a. Emirates Skywards: Membership Tiers, Emirates Skywards. [online] Available at: https://www.emirates.com/english/skywards/membership_tiers/membership_tiers.aspx [Accessed 4 November 2017].Search in Google Scholar

[37] Emirates., 2017b. Find Flights to Emirates Destinations. [online] Available at: https://www.emirates.com/english/destinations/ [Accessed 5 November 2017].Search in Google Scholar

[38] Emirates., 2017c. Miles Calculator. [online] Available at: https://www.emirates.com/account/uk/english/miles-calculator/miles-calculator.aspx [Accessed 13 November 2017].Search in Google Scholar

[39] European Commission., 2015. An Aviation Strategy for Europe. European Commission. [online] Available at: http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:52015SC0261andfrom=IT [Accessed 12 November 2017].Search in Google Scholar

[40] Flightontime., 2015. FLIGHTONTIME.info - Thomson Airways Charter and Scheduled Flight Delays and Punctuality. [online] Available at: http://www.flightontime.info/charter/airlines/tom15.html [Accessed 13 November 2017].Search in Google Scholar

[41] Flightontime., 2017. FLIGHTONTIME.info - Airline Delays and Punctuality at UK Airports. [online] Available at: http://www.flightontime.info/ [Accessed 4 November 2017].Search in Google Scholar

[42] FlightStats., 2017. About FlightStats. [online] Available at: https://www.flightstats.com/company/corporate/about-us/ [Accessed 5 November 2017].Search in Google Scholar

[43] Fu, X., Oum, T.H., and Zhang, A., 2010. Air Transport Liberalization and Its Impacts on Airline Competition and Air Passenger Traffic. Transportation Journal, 49(4), pp.24-41. [online] Available at: https://doi.org/10.2307/40904912 [Accessed 22 August 2017].10.2307/40904912[Accessed222017]Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

[44] GoEuro., 2017. GoEuro. [online] Available at: https://www.goeuro.com/travel-search2/results/658178488/train [Accessed 13 November 2017].Search in Google Scholar

[45] Heijden, K. van der., 2006. Scénáře: umění strategické konverzace = Scenarios: the art of strategic conversation (John Wiley and Sons). Praha: ASPI.Search in Google Scholar

[46] Hill, C.W.L., and Hult, G.T.M., 2016. International Business: Competing in the Global Marketplace (11th edition). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Education.Search in Google Scholar

[47] ICAO., 2014. Long-term Forecasts of Scheduled Passenger Traffic. [online] Available at: https://www.icao.int/sustainability/Pages/GATO2030.aspx [Accessed 5 November 2017].Search in Google Scholar

[48] ICAO., 2016. About ICAO. [online] Available at: https://www.icao.int/about-icao/Pages/default.aspx [Accessed 22 August 2017].Search in Google Scholar

[49] ICELAND MAGAZINE., 2017. Dramatic Growth of Icelandic Airline WOW Air: 130% Increase in Passengers in 2016. Icelandmag. [online] Available at: http://icelandmag.visir.is/article/dramatic-growth-icelandic-airlinewow-air-130-increase-passengers-2016 [Accessed 13 November 2017].Search in Google Scholar

[50] Johnson, G., Whittington, R., Scholes, K., Regnér, P., and Angwin, D., 2014. Fundamentals of Strategy (3 edition). Pearson Education.Search in Google Scholar

[51] Johnson, H., 2015. The Simple Dollar: Best Frequent Flyer Programs of 2015. [online] Available at: https://search-proquest-com.zdroje.vse.cz/docview/1669819838/citation/E67386D3A3664556PQ/1 [Accessed 4 November 2017].Search in Google Scholar

[52] Kampa, J.R., Cziulik, C., and Amodio, C.C.E., 2012. A Critical Analysis on the Blue Ocean Strategy and an Approach for Its Integration into the Product Development Process. Product: Management and Development, 10(2). [online] Available at: https://www.blueoceanstrategy.com/bos-elibrary/a-critical-analysis-on-the-blue-ocean-strategy-and-an-approach-for-its-integration-into-the-product-development-process/ [Accessed 28 June 2017].10.4322/pmd.2013.001Search in Google Scholar

[53] Kim, S., 2016. Revealed: The Best Airlines for First Class, Business Class and Economy Cabins. The Telegraph. [online] Available at: http://www.telegraph.co.uk/travel/news/revealed-thebest-airline-cabins-for-first-class-business-economy/ [Accessed 4 November 2017].Search in Google Scholar

[54] Kim, W.C., and Mauborgne, R., 2005a. Blue Ocean Strategy: How to Create Uncontested Market Space and Make Competition Irrelevant (1 edition). Boston, Mass: Harvard Business Review Press.Search in Google Scholar

[55] Kim, W.C., and Mauborgne, R., 2005b. Value Innovation: a Leap into the Blue Ocean. Journal of Business Strategy, 26(4), pp.22-28. [online] Available at: https://doi.org/10.1108/02756660510608521 [Accessed 5 November 2017].10.1108/02756660510608521[Accessed5November2017]Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

[56] Kim, W.C., and Mauborgne, R., 2009. Blue Ocean Strategy: From Theory to Practice. California Management Review, 47. [online] Available at: https://doi.org/10.2307/41166308 [Accessed 5 November 2017].10.2307/41166308[Accessed5November2017]Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

[57] KLM., 2017. Navigation page - Destination - KLM.com. [online] Available at: https://www.klm.com/travel/us_en/destinations/index.htm [Accessed 5 November 2017].Search in Google Scholar

[58] Kraaijenbrink, J., 2012. Four Risks of a Blue Ocean Strategy. [online] Available at: http://thestrategyhandbook.com/four-risks-of-ablue-ocean-strategy/ [Accessed 16 August 2017].Search in Google Scholar

[59] Lufthansa., 2017a. Lufthansa Group, Annual Report 2016. [online] Available at: https://lh.fltmaps.com/en?country=XX [Accessed 5 November 2017].Search in Google Scholar

[60] Lufthansa., 2017b. Lufthansa Group Route Map. [online] Available at: https://lh.fltmaps.com/en?country=XX [Accessed 5 November 2017]Search in Google Scholar

[61] Macário, R., Reis, V., Viegas, J., Meersman, H., Monteiro, F., Voorde, E. van de, … Schmidt, H., 2007. The Consequences of the Growing European Low-Cost Airline Sector. Brussels, European Parliament. [online] Available at: http://www.europarl.europa.eu/thinktank/en/document.html?reference=IPOL-TRAN_ET(2007)397234 [Accessed 23 August 2017].Search in Google Scholar

[62] Macnamara, K., 2010. Ryanair Signals the End of an Era: The Budget Airline’s Change in Strategy Could See the Departure of its CEO. Kelly Macnamara Reports. Daily Post; Liverpool (UK). [online] Available at: https://search.proquest.com/docview/342110366/abstract/E96EBA0D85294631PQ/4 [Accessed 26 June 2017].Search in Google Scholar

[63] Miles, R.E., and Snow, C.C., 1978. Organizational Strategy, Structure, and Process. New York McGraw-Hill. [online] Available at: http://trove.nla.gov.au/version/50623947 [Accessed 25 August 2017].Search in Google Scholar

[64] Mills, G., 2016. The Airline Revolution: Economic Analysis of Airline Performance and Public Policy (1 edition). London_; New York, NY: Routledge.10.4324/9781315612348Search in Google Scholar

[65] Morningstar., 2017. Growth, Profitability, and Financial Ratios for Wizz Air Holdings PLC (WIZZ) from Morningstar.com. [online] Available at: http://financials.morningstar.com/ratios/r.html?t=WIZZ [Accessed 14 November 2017].Search in Google Scholar

[66] Norwegian Air., 2010. Norwegian Air Shuttle ASA ANNUAL REPORT 2010. [online] Available at: https://www.norwegian.com/globalassets/ip/documents/about-us/company/investor-relations/reports-and-presentations/annual-reports/norwegian-as-asa-annual-report-2010.pdf [Accessed 14 November 2017].Search in Google Scholar

[67] Norwegian Air., 2011. Norwegian Air Shuttle ASA ANNUAL REPORT 2011. [online] Available at: https://www.norwegian.com/globalassets/ip/documents/about-us/company/investor-relations/reports-and-presentations/annual-reports/norwegian-as-asa-annual-report-2011.pdf [Accessed 14 November 2017].Search in Google Scholar

[68] Norwegian Air., 2012. Norwegian Air Shuttle ASA ANNUAL REPORT 2012. [online] Available at: https://www.norwegian.com/globalassets/ip/documents/about-us/company/investor-relations/reports-and-presentations/annual-reports/norwegian-as-asa-annual-report-2012.pdf [Accessed 14 November 2017].Search in Google Scholar

[69] Norwegian Air., 2013. Norwegian Air Shuttle ASA ANNUAL REPORT 2013. [online] Available at: https://www.norwegian.com/globalassets/ip/documents/about-us/company/investor-relations/reports-and-presentations/annual-reports/norwegian-as-asa-annual-report-2013.pdf [Accessed 14 November 2017].Search in Google Scholar

[70] Norwegian Air., 2014. Norwegian Air Shuttle ASA ANNUAL REPORT 2014. [online] Available at: https://www.norwegian.com/globalassets/ip/documents/about-us/company/investor-relations/reports-and-presentations/annual-reports/norwegian-annual-report-2014-printer-friendly.pdf [Accessed 14 November 2017].Search in Google Scholar

[71] Norwegian Air., 2015. Norwegian Air Shuttle ASA ANNUAL REPORT 2015. [online] Available at: https://www.norwegian.com/globalassets/documents/annual-report/nas_annualreport_2015.pdf [Accessed 14 November 2017].Search in Google Scholar

[72] Norwegian Air., 2016. Norwegian Air Shuttle ASA ANNUAL REPORT 2016. [online] Available at: https://www.norwegian.com/globalassets/documents/annual-report/nas_annualreport_2016.pdf [Accessed 14 November 2017].Search in Google Scholar

[73] Oneworld Alliance., 2017. Greater Rewards for Frequent Flyers with Oneworld. [online] Available at: https://www.oneworld.com/ffp/memberairline- programmes [Accessed 4 November 2017].Search in Google Scholar

[74] Otley, T., 2016. Business Traveller Awards 2016. [online] Available at: https://www.businesstraveller.com/awards/business-traveller-awards-2016/ [Accessed 4 November 2017].Search in Google Scholar

[75] Plush, H., 2017. Revealed: The World’s Most - and Least - Punctual Airlines. The Telegraph. [online] Available at: http://www.telegraph.co.uk/travel/news/revealed-worlds-most-and-leastpunctual-airlines/ [Accessed 5 November 2017].Search in Google Scholar

[76] Porter, M.E., 2008. On Competition. Harvard Business School Pub. [online] Available at: http://books.google.ca/books?id=NKlIn7hMK1AC [Accessed 26 June 2017].Search in Google Scholar

[77] Porter, M. E., 1998. Competitive Advantage: Creating and Sustaining Superior Performance (1 edition). New York: Free Press.Search in Google Scholar

[78] Porter, M. E., 2008. The Five Competitive Forces That Shape Strategy [On-line]. [online] Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mYF2_FBCvXw [Accessed 31 October 2017].Search in Google Scholar

[79] Prahalad, C.K., and Hamel, G., 1990. The Core Competence of the Corporation. Harvard Business Review, 68(3), pp.79-91.Search in Google Scholar

[80] Qatar Airways., 2017a. Benefits at a Glance. [online] Available at: http://www.qatarairways.com/PrivilegeClub/benefits+at+glance.page?mid=3andsid=2 [Accessed 4 November 2017].Search in Google Scholar

[81] Qatar Airways., 2017b. Mileage Calculator. [online] Available at: http://www.qatarairways.com/PrivilegeClub/MileageCalculator.page?mid=4andsid=3 [Accessed 13 November 2017].Search in Google Scholar

[82] Qatar Airways., 2017c. Oneworld, Qatar Airways, Going Places Together. [online] Available at: https://www.qatarairways.com/en/discover.html [Accessed 5 November 2017].Search in Google Scholar

[83] Rao, V., 2007. Book Review: Blue Ocean Strategy. [online] Available at: https://www.ribbonfarm.com/2007/08/06/book-review-blue-ocean-strategy/ [Accessed 28 June 2017].Search in Google Scholar

[84] Reichmuth, J., 2008. Analyses of the European Air Transport Market: Airline Business Models. German Aerospace Center. [online] Available at: http://ec.europa.eu/transport/sites/transport/files/modes/air/doc/abm_report_2008.pdf [Accessed 27 June 2017].Search in Google Scholar

[85] Ryanair., 2010. Ryanair, Annual Report 2010. Ryanair. [online] Available at: https://investor.ryanair.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/2012-Annual-Reports-Annual-Report.pdf [Accessed 14 November 2017].Search in Google Scholar

[86] Ryanair., 2011. Ryanair, Annual Report 2011. Ryanair. [online] Available at: https://investor.ryanair.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/2012-Annual-Reports-Annual-Report.pdf [Accessed 14 November 2017].Search in Google Scholar

[87] Ryanair., 2012. Ryanair, Annual Report 2012. Ryanair. [online] Available at: https://investor.ryanair.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/2012-Annual-Reports-Annual-Report.pdf [Accessed 14 November 2017].Search in Google Scholar

[88] Ryanair., 2013. Ryanair, Annual Report 2013. Ryanair. [online] Available at: https://investor.ryanair.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/2013-Annual-Reports-Annual-Report.pdf [Accessed 14 November 2017].Search in Google Scholar

[89] Ryanair., 2014. Ryanair, Annual Report 2014. Ryanair. [online] Available at: https://investor.ryanair.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/2014-Annual-Reports-Annual-Report.pdf [Accessed 14 November 2017].Search in Google Scholar

[90] Ryanair., 2015a. History of Ryanair, Ryanair’s Corporate Website. [online] Available at: http://corporate.ryanair.com/about-us/history-ofryanair/ [Accessed 27 June 2017].Search in Google Scholar

[91] Ryanair., 2015b. Ryanair, Annual Report 2015. Ryanair. [online] Available at: https://investor.ryanair.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/07/Annual-Report-2015.pdf [Accessed 14 November 2017].Search in Google Scholar

[92] Ryanair., 2016. Ryanair, Annual Report 2016. [online] Available at: https://investor.ryanair.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/Ryanair-Annual-Report-FY16.pdf [Accessed 14 November 2017].Search in Google Scholar

[93] Ryanair., 2017a. Baggage, Ryanair’s Corporate Website. [online] Available at: https://www.ryanair.com/gb/en/useful-info/help-centre/faq-overview/Baggage [Accessed 5 November 2017].Search in Google Scholar

[94] Ryanair., 2017b. Official Ryanair Website, Book direct for the Lowest Fares, Ryanair.com. [online] Available at: https://www.ryanair.com/gb/en/ [Accessed 13 November 2017].Search in Google Scholar

[95] Ryanair., 2017c. Punctuality, Ryanair’s Corporate Website. [online] Available at: http://corporate.ryanair.com/about-us/punctuality/ [Accessed 5 November 2017].Search in Google Scholar

[96] Ryanair., 2017d. Ryanair, Traffic, Investor Relations. [online] Available at: https://investor.ryanair.com/traffic/ [Accessed 13 November 2017].Search in Google Scholar

[97] Simister, P., 2011. Blue Ocean Strategy by W. Chan Kim and Renee Mauborgne. [online] Available at: http://www.differentiateyourbusiness.co.uk/blue-ocean-strategy-by-w-chan-kim-and-renee-mauborgne [Accessed 16 August 2017].Search in Google Scholar

[98] Singapore Airlines., 2017a. KrisFlyer Elite Gold. [online] Available at: http://www.singaporeair.com/en_UK/sg/ppsclub-krisflyer/krisflyer/krisflyer-elite-gold/ [Accessed 4 November 2017].Search in Google Scholar

[99] Singapore Airlines., 2017b. KrisFlyer Elite Silver. [online] Available at: https://www.singaporeair.com/en_UK/sg/ppsclub-krisflyer/krisflyer/krisflyer-elite-silver/ [Accessed 4 November 2017].Search in Google Scholar

[100] Singapore Airlines., 2017c. KrisFlyer Mileage- Calculator. [online] Available at: https://www.singaporeair.com/kfLogin.form?filterFlowExecutionURL=accrualCalculator.form [Accessed 13 November 2017].Search in Google Scholar

[101] Skytrax., 2016a. Introduction to Skytrax. [online] Available at: http://www.worldairlineawards.com/main/about_skytrax.html [Accessed 4 November 2017].Search in Google Scholar

[102] Skytrax., 2016b. The World Airline Awards methodology. [online] Available at: http://www.worldairline.awards.com/Awards/awards_methodology.html [Accessed 4 November 2017].Search in Google Scholar

[103] Stefan, T., 2017. Aproape 3.6 Milioane Pasageri au ales Blue Air in 2016. [online] Available at: http://aeronews.ro/aproape-3-6-milioane-pasageri-au-ales-blue-air-in-2016/ [Accessed 13 November 2017].Search in Google Scholar

[104] Student Agency., 2017. RegioJet, Buses and Trains. [online] Available at: https://www.regiojet.com/en [Accessed 5 November 2017].Search in Google Scholar

[105] Štverková, H., Červinka, M., and Humlová, V., 2012. The Impact of Blue Ocean Strategy in Low-cost Transport. Blue Ocean Strategy, Vol. 2012, pp. 40-44). Belgrade. [online] Available at: https://www.blueoceanstrategy.com/academic-articles/the-impact-of-blue-ocean-strategy-in-low-cost-transport/ [Accessed 23 August 2017].Search in Google Scholar

[106] The Luxury Travel Expert., 2015. What’s the Best Frequent Flyer Program for EU Travelers? [online] Available at: https://theluxurytravelexpert.com/2015/05/08/travel-tip-whats-the-best-frequent-flyer-program-for-uk-and-eu-basedtravelers/ [Accessed 4 November 2017].Search in Google Scholar

[107] Thomas, N., 2013. Low-cost Airlines Have Come a Long Way. But Who Will Win the Battle? The Telegraph. [online] Available at: http://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/newsbysector/transport/10454522/Low-cost-airlines-have-come-a-long-way.-But-who-will-win-the-battle.html [Ac-cessed 27 June 2017].Search in Google Scholar

[108] Thomson., 2017. Flights with TUI, Thomson now TUI Airways. [online] Available at: https://www.tui.co.uk/flight/where-we-fly [Accessed 5 November 2017].Search in Google Scholar

[109] Trainline., 2017. Finally a Better Way to Buy Train Tickets! [online] Available at: https://www.trainline.eu/?lang=en [Accessed 5 November 2017].Search in Google Scholar

[110] Transavia., 2016. Transavia Corporate, Key figures. Corporate.transavia.com. [online] Available at: http://www.transavia.com.s3-websiteeu-west-1.amazonaws.com/ [Accessed 12 April 2017].Search in Google Scholar

[111] UK CAA., 2017. Airline Data December 2016, UK Civil Aviation Authority. [online] Available at: http://www.caa.co.uk/Data-and-analysis/UKaviation-market/Airlines/Datasets/UK-Airline-data/2016/Airline-data-December-2016/ [Accessed 13 November 2017].Search in Google Scholar

[112] Voyages-sncf., 2017. Choose Your Train. [online] Available at: https://secure.uk.voyagessncf.com/choose-your-outbound-journey [Accessed 13 November 2017].Search in Google Scholar

[113] Vueling., 2017. Vueling 10 years. Vueling.com. [online] Available at: http://www.vueling.com/en/book-your-flight/find-your-flight [Accessed 13 November 2017].Search in Google Scholar

[114] Wall, R., 2016. Ryanair’s New Strategy: Being Nice --- Budget carrier, as a way to win customers, asks its staff to be less confrontational. Wall Street Journal, Europe; Brussels, p. B.1.Search in Google Scholar

[115] Wensveen, D.J.G., 2012. Air Transportation: A Management Perspective. Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.Search in Google Scholar

[116] Which?, 2013. High fliers. Which?, 57(1), pp.30-32.Search in Google Scholar

[117] Which?, 2014. Airlines Best and Worst. Which?, 58(1), pp.21-23.Search in Google Scholar

[118] Which?, 2015. Fly with the best. Which?, 59(1), pp.33-35.10.1016/j.technovation.2014.07.012Search in Google Scholar

[119] Which?, 2017a. Best and Worst Airlines. Which?, 61(1), pp.23-25.Search in Google Scholar

[120] Which?, 2017b. Best and Worst Airlines. Which? [online] Available at: https://www.which.co.uk/reviews/airlines-and-airports/article/airlines/best-and-worst-airlines [Accessed 4 November 2017].Search in Google Scholar

[121] Which?, 2017c. Who We Are. [online] Available at: https://www.which.co.uk/about-which/whowe- are [Accessed 4 November 2017].Search in Google Scholar

[122] Wizz Air., 2015. Full Year F15 Results. [online] Available at: https://cdn.static.wizzair.com/static/downloads/ipo/Wizz_Air_Holdings_Plc_F15_Full_Year_Results.pdf [Accessed 13 November 2017].Search in Google Scholar

[123] Wizz Air., 2016. Full Year F16 Results. [online] Available at: https://cdn.static.wizzair.com/static/downloads/IPO/press_releases/F16_Results_Presentation%20_25May2016_final.pdf [Accessed 13 November 2017].Search in Google Scholar

[124] Wizz Air., 2017a. Traffic Statistics. [online] Available at: http://corporate.wizzair.com/en-GB/investor_relations/traffic_statistics [Accessed 13 November 2017].Search in Google Scholar

[125] Wizz Air., 2017b. Welcome to the World of Opportunity!, Wizz Air, Destination Map. [online] Available at: https://wizzair.com [Accessed 9 November 2017].Search in Google Scholar

[126] Žabokrtský, M., 2011. EU Air Transport Policy: Implications on Airlines and Airports. Contemporary Europe, (1), pp.161-182.Search in Google Scholar

[127] Zhang, B., 2017. RANKED: The 20 Best Airlines in the World. [online] Available at: http://uk.businessinsider.com/20-best-airlines-world-2017-skytrax-2017-6 [Accessed 4 November 2017]Search in Google Scholar

[128] Zhang, X., Peek, W.A., Pikas, B., and Lee, T., 2016. The Transformation and Upgrading of the Chinese Manufacturing Industry: Based on “German Industry 4.0.” The Journal of Applied Business and Economics; Thunder Bay, 18(5), pp.97-105.Search in Google Scholar