Basil seeds as a source of antioxidants affected by fortification with selenium

Ivana Mezeyová; Alžbeta Hegedűsová; Ondrej Hegedűs; Andrea Vargová; Mária Timoracká; Miroslav Šlosár; Alena Andrejiová; Tünde Juríková; Ján Mezey

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Basil seeds as a source of antioxidants affected by fortification with selenium

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| Apr 18, 2020

Volume 32 (2020): Issue 1 (June 2020)

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Published Online: Apr 18, 2020

Page range: 11 - 20

Received: Feb 12, 2020

Accepted: Feb 21, 2020

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/fhort-2020-0002

Keywords
AOA, fortification, selenium content, TPC

© 2020 Ivana Mezeyová et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

The effect of selenisation on selenium content in basil seeds (d.w.), 2017–2018. K, control variant and Se, selenised variant.

The effect of selenisation on AOA (% inhibition) in basil seeds (d.w.), 2017–2018. K, control variant and Se, selenised variant.

The effect of selenisation on AOA (mmol Trolox · kg−1) in basil seeds (d.w.), 2017–2018. K, control variant and Se, selenised variant.

The effect of selenisation on TPC in basil seeds (d.w.), 2017–2018. K, control variant and Se, selenised variant.

Basil varieties characterisation and 1000 seed weight in grams, Nitra, 2018 (photo: Mezeyová)

Basil species ‘variety’/1000 seed weight (g)	Botanical description	Picture of the herb
O. tenuiflorum ‘Tulsi’/0.58 g	Plant native to tropical and subtropical Asia. It is an erect, much branched subshrub, 40–70 cm tall with hairy stems and simple opposite green or purple leaves that are strongly scented. Leaves have petioles and are ovate, up to 5 cm long and usually slightly toothed. The flowers are purplish in elongate racemes in close whorls.
O. basilicum ‘Cinamonette’/1.12 g	Cinnamon basil has a spicy, fragrant aroma and flavour. It contains methyl cinnamate, giving it a flavour reminiscent of cinnamon. It has narrow, slightly serrated, dark green, shiny leaves with reddish-purple veins and produces small, pink flowers. Its stems are dark purple. Cinnamon basil grows to 40–70 cm.
O. basilicum ‘Dark Green’/1.28 g	Green leafy variety was bred in Italy. It is an aromatic, annual herb with large oval leaves, dark green-coloured and glossy, serrated. It reaches a height of up to 30 to 60 cm. Erect stem branches well. Inflorescences are white. It is characterised by a biting spicy sweet flavour and taste.

Selenium content in basil seeds (mg ∙ kg−1 d.w.)

		Control	Selenium
2017^A	Tulsi	0.025 ± 0.004 a	0.809 ± 0.051 c
	Cinamonette	0.017 ± 0.003 a	0.437 ± 0.149 b
	Dark Green	0.020 ± 0.001 a	0.370 ± 0.299 b

2018^A	Tulsi	0.055 ± 0.001 a	0.528 ± 0.026 b
	Cinamonette	0.083 ± 0.003 a	0.748 ± 0.048 c
	Dark Green	0.078 ± 0.001 a	0.823 ± 0.055 d

Average (2017–2018)	Tulsi	0.040 ± 0.003 a	0.669 ± 0.039 b
	Cinamonette	0.050 ± 0.003 a	0.593 ± 0.099 b
	Dark Green	0.049 ± 0.001 a	0.597 ± 0.177 b

Evaluation of months according to temperature climatic normal 1961–1990

Month	Normal (1961–1990)	t (°C) 2017	Characteristic (2017)	t (°C) 2018	Characteristic (2018)
V	15.1	16.6	Hot	18.8	Very hot
VI	18.0	21.2	Extremely hot	20.7	Hot
VII	19.8	21.7	Hot	21.7	Hot
VIII	19.3	22.4	Extremely hot	22.5	Very hot
IX	15.6	14.6	Normal	16.4	Normal

TPC in basil seeds (μg GA ∙ g−1 d.w.)

		Control	Selenium
2017^A	Tulsi	1188.74 ± 112.16 a	1270.15 ± 318.06 a
	Cinamonette	1766.68 ± 391.88 ab	1573.24 ± 355.33 ab
	Dark Green	1996.16 ± 214.47 b	1540.95 ± 316.67 ab

2018^A	Tulsi	1824.35 ± 41.02 b	1559.08 ± 21.01 a
	Cinamonette	1368.52 ± 19.62 a	1449.95 ± 24.59 a
	Dark Green	1367.35 ± 25.01 a	1462.71 ± 28.44 a

Average (2017–2018)	Tulsi	1506.55 ± 76.59 a	1414.61 ± 169.54 a
	Cinamonette	1567.60 ± 205.75 a	1511.60 ± 189.96 a
	Dark Green	1681.75 ± 119.74 a	1501.83 ± 172.56 a

AOA in basil seeds (% inhibition d.w.)

		Control	Selenium
2017^A	Tulsi	861.87 ± 195.82 a	1011.91 ± 97.76 b
	Cinamonette	857.63 ± 143.60 a	922.56 ± 13.32 ab
	Dark Green	916.67 ± 121.66 ab	1032.72 ± 51.03 b

2018^A	Tulsi	1075.11 ± 118.02 c	1061.03 ± 116.78 c
	Cinamonette	843.34 ± 93.31 ab	714.22 ± 78.17 a
	Dark Green	821.51 ± 90.50 ab	932.60 ± 102.85 bc

Average (2017–2018)	Tulsi	968.49 ± 156.92 bc	1036.47 ± 107.27 c
	Cinamonette	850.49 ± 118.45 ab	818.39 ± 45.74 a
	Dark Green	869.09 ± 106.08 ab	982.66 ± 76.94 bc

Evaluation of months according to precipitation climatic normal 1961–1990

Month	Normal (1961–1990)	PRC (mm) 2017	Characteristic (2017)	PRC (mm) 2018	Characteristic (2018)
V	58	14	Extremely dry	29	Very dry
VI	66	26	Very dry	44	Dry
VII	52	60	Normal	13	Very dry
VIII	61	23	Very dry	3	Extremely dry
IX	40	93	Extremely wet	55	Wet

AOA in basil seeds (mmol Trolox ∙ kg−1 d.w.)

		Control	Selenium
2017^A	Tulsi	27.43 ± 3.90 bc	27.63 ± 2.23 bc
	Cinamonette	27.43 ± 2.83 bc	25.60 ± 0.26 abc
	Dark Green	28.57 ± 2.41 c	28.10 ± 1.15 c

2018^A	Tulsi	29.90 ± 3.61 c	30.30 ± 3.63 c
	Cinamonette	26.50 ± 3.22 bc	21.40 ± 2.61 a
	Dark Green	23.95 ± 2.90 ab	26.85 ± 3.25 bc

Average (2017–2018)	Tulsi	28.67 ± 3.76 b	28.97 ± 2.93 b
	Cinamonette	26.97 ± 3.02 ab	23.50 ± 1.44 a
	Dark Green	26.26 ± 2.66 ab	27.48 ± 2.20 b

Soil sample analysis of the experimental area in mg ∙ kg−1

	pH	N_inorganic mg ∙ kg⁻¹	Nutrient content in mg ∙ kg⁻¹ (Mehl.III)				S	%

			P	K	Ca	Mg		Humus
2017	7.16 N	10.0 M	128.8 H	567.5 VH	6000 H	799.4 VH	62.5 G	3.22 G
2018	7.04 N	6.4 L	75.0 M	368 V	6350 H	763.4 VH	2.5 VL	3.29 G

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Basil seeds as a source of antioxidants affected by fortification with selenium

Article Category: Research Article

Published Online: Apr 18, 2020

Page range: 11 - 20

Received: Feb 12, 2020

Accepted: Feb 21, 2020

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/fhort-2020-0002

Keywords
AOA, fortification, selenium content, TPC

© 2020 Ivana Mezeyová et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Basil varieties characterisation and 1000 seed weight in grams, Nitra, 2018 (photo: Mezeyová)

Selenium content in basil seeds (mg ∙ kg−1 d.w.)

Evaluation of months according to temperature climatic normal 1961–1990

TPC in basil seeds (μg GA ∙ g−1 d.w.)

AOA in basil seeds (% inhibition d.w.)

Evaluation of months according to precipitation climatic normal 1961–1990

AOA in basil seeds (mmol Trolox ∙ kg−1 d.w.)

Soil sample analysis of the experimental area in mg ∙ kg−1

Basil seeds as a source of antioxidants affected by fortification with selenium

Article Category: Research Article

Published Online: Apr 18, 2020

Page range: 11 - 20

Received: Feb 12, 2020

Accepted: Feb 21, 2020

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/fhort-2020-0002

KeywordsAOA, fortification, selenium content, TPC

© 2020 Ivana Mezeyová et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Basil varieties characterisation and 1000 seed weight in grams, Nitra, 2018 (photo: Mezeyová)

Selenium content in basil seeds (mg ∙ kg−1 d.w.)

Evaluation of months according to temperature climatic normal 1961–1990

TPC in basil seeds (μg GA ∙ g−1 d.w.)

AOA in basil seeds (% inhibition d.w.)

Evaluation of months according to precipitation climatic normal 1961–1990

AOA in basil seeds (mmol Trolox ∙ kg−1 d.w.)

Soil sample analysis of the experimental area in mg ∙ kg−1

Keywords
AOA, fortification, selenium content, TPC