<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">Increased multidrug resistance prompted researchers to search for a new drug that has the ability to overcome antibiotic resistant pathogens. Essential oils have been used in folk medicine for centuries, therefore, they could be employed as an effective alternative to antibiotics without having secondary side effects.The aim of the present study was to test the antibacterial and antibiofilm activity of the essential oil of <italic>Achillea santolina</italic> and to ascertain its mode of action.Minimum Biofilm Inhibitory Concentration (MBIC) susceptibility assays were performed using a biofilm inoculator with a 96-well plate with peg led. Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) was performed in normal microtitre plates using a twofold dilution series.<italic>Achillea santolina</italic> essential oil (ASEO) was able to overcome the resistance of all tested bacteria. The MIC values were in the range of 250-1000 µg/ml, while the MBC values were in the range of 500-2000 µg/ml. ASEO increased leakage of potassium ions from the cell membrane and increased release of cellular materials – suggesting that the cell membrane is the target and site of action of ASEO. Moreover, ASEO was able to inhibit initial adherence of methicillin-resistant <italic>Staphylococcus aureus</italic> (MRSA) (ATCC 43300) at sub-inhibitory concentrations through alterations to cell membrane.</abstract>

Increased multidrug resistance prompted researchers to search for a new drug that has the ability to overcome antibiotic resistant pathogens. Essential oils have been used in folk medicine for centuries, therefore, they could be employed as an effective alternative to antibiotics without having secondary side effects.The aim of the present study was to test the antibacterial and antibiofilm activity of the essential oil of Achillea santolina and to ascertain its mode of action.Minimum Biofilm Inhibitory Concentration (MBIC) susceptibility assays were performed using a biofilm inoculator with a 96-well plate with peg led. Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) was performed in normal microtitre plates using a twofold dilution series.Achillea santolina essential oil (ASEO) was able to overcome the resistance of all tested bacteria. The MIC values were in the range of 250-1000 µg/ml, while the MBC values were in the range of 500-2000 µg/ml. ASEO increased leakage of potassium ions from the cell membrane and increased release of cellular materials – suggesting that the cell membrane is the target and site of action of ASEO. Moreover, ASEO was able to inhibit initial adherence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) (ATCC 43300) at sub-inhibitory concentrations through alterations to cell membrane.

Effect of <italic>Achillea santolina</italic> essential oil on bacterial biofilm and its mode of action

Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine

Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine

Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science

Current Issues in Pharmacy and Medical Sciences

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.

Effect of  essential oil on bacterial biofilm and its mode of action

Increased multidrug resistance prompted researchers to search for a new drug that has the ability to overcome antibiotic resistant pathogens. Essential oils...

Effect of Achillea santolina essential oil on bacterial biofilm and its mode of action

Published Online: Jun 25, 2020

Page range: 83 - 89

Received: Sep 26, 2019

Accepted: Oct 28, 2019

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/cipms-2020-0016

Keywords
Aantibacterial, antibiofilm, mode of action, essential oil

© 2020 Jehad Al-Shuneigat et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.

Effect of Achillea santolina essential oil on bacterial biofilm and its mode of action

Published Online: Jun 25, 2020

Page range: 83 - 89

Received: Sep 26, 2019

Accepted: Oct 28, 2019

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/cipms-2020-0016

KeywordsAantibacterial, antibiofilm, mode of action, essential oil

© 2020 Jehad Al-Shuneigat et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.

Keywords
Aantibacterial, antibiofilm, mode of action, essential oil