<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>Hypertension remains one of the primary causes of premature cardiovascular mortality representing a major independent risk factor.</p><p>The importance of ambulatory blood pressure monitoring in clinical evaluation of hypertensive patients, beyond diagnosis, is the identification of circadian dipping/non-dipping profile. The non-dipper pattern in hypertensive and normotensive patients is associated with significant target organ damage and worse outcomes, as an increased cardiovascular risk condition. Non-dipping pattern has been found to be associated with specific clinical conditions. Obesity, diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, chronic kidney disease, autonomic and baroreflex dysfunctions, salt sensitivity, hormonal changes, gender and age were extensively studied. Research efforts are focused on recognizing and exploring predictive markers of abnormal blood pressure circadian pattern. Previous studies acknowledge that red cell distribution width, mean platelet volume, fibrinogen level, C-reactive protein, serum uric acid and gamma-glutamyltransferase, are independently significant and positive associated to non-dipping pattern. Moreover, research on new biomarkers are conducted: Chitinase 3-Like-Protein 1, atrial and B-type natriuretic peptide, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, chemerin, sphingomyelin and the G972R polymorphism of the insulin receptor substrate-1 gene. This review summarizes the current knowledge of different clinical conditions and biomarkers associated with the non-dipper profile in hypertensive patients.</p></abstract>

Hypertension remains one of the primary causes of premature cardiovascular mortality representing a major independent risk factor.The importance of ambulatory blood pressure monitoring in clinical evaluation of hypertensive patients, beyond diagnosis, is the identification of circadian dipping/non-dipping profile. The non-dipper pattern in hypertensive and normotensive patients is associated with significant target organ damage and worse outcomes, as an increased cardiovascular risk condition. Non-dipping pattern has been found to be associated with specific clinical conditions. Obesity, diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, chronic kidney disease, autonomic and baroreflex dysfunctions, salt sensitivity, hormonal changes, gender and age were extensively studied. Research efforts are focused on recognizing and exploring predictive markers of abnormal blood pressure circadian pattern. Previous studies acknowledge that red cell distribution width, mean platelet volume, fibrinogen level, C-reactive protein, serum uric acid and gamma-glutamyltransferase, are independently significant and positive associated to non-dipping pattern. Moreover, research on new biomarkers are conducted: Chitinase 3-Like-Protein 1, atrial and B-type natriuretic peptide, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, chemerin, sphingomyelin and the G972R polymorphism of the insulin receptor substrate-1 gene. This review summarizes the current knowledge of different clinical conditions and biomarkers associated with the non-dipper profile in hypertensive patients.

Clinical Conditions and Predictive Markers of Non-Dipper Profile in Hypertensive Patients

Family Medicine, Dept. M3 - Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine

University of Medicine and Pharmacy Tirgu Mures

Internal Medicine I, Dept. M3 - Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine

Family Medicine, Dept. XVI - Balneology, Medical Rehabilitation and Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine

University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babes” Timisoara

University of Medicine and Pharmacy Tîrgu Mureș

Romania Department of Laboratory Medicine

Acta Marisiensis - Seria Medica

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Hypertension remains one of the primary causes of premature cardiovascular mortality representing a major independent risk factor.The importance of ambulatory...

Clinical Conditions and Predictive Markers of Non-Dipper Profile in Hypertensive Patients

Published Online: Mar 27, 2018

Page range: 10 - 16

Received: Dec 24, 2017

Accepted: Feb 05, 2018

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/amma-2018-0006

Keywords
systemic hypertension, non-dipper profile, cardiovascular risk, clinical conditions, predictive markers

© 2018 Ioan Tilea et al., published by De Gruyter Open

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Clinical Conditions and Predictive Markers of Non-Dipper Profile in Hypertensive Patients

Published Online: Mar 27, 2018

Page range: 10 - 16

Received: Dec 24, 2017

Accepted: Feb 05, 2018

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/amma-2018-0006

Keywordssystemic hypertension, non-dipper profile, cardiovascular risk, clinical conditions, predictive markers

© 2018 Ioan Tilea et al., published by De Gruyter Open

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Keywords
systemic hypertension, non-dipper profile, cardiovascular risk, clinical conditions, predictive markers