Open Access

Clinical Features and Echocardiographic Findings in Children with Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy


Cite

1. Maron BJ. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: a systematic review. JAMA. 2002;287:1308-1320.10.1001/jama.287.10.1308Search in Google Scholar

2. Maron BJ. Sudden death in young athletes. N Engl J Med. 2003;349:1064-1075.10.1056/NEJMra022783Search in Google Scholar

3. Losi MA, Nistri S, Galderisi M, et al. Echocardiography in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: usefulness of old and new techniques in the diagnosis and pathophysiological assessment. Cardiovascular Ultrasound 2010;8:7.10.1186/1476-7120-8-7Search in Google Scholar

4. Lipshultz SE, Sleeper LA, Towbin JA, et al. The incidence of pediatric cardiomyopathy in two regions of the United States. N Engl J Med 2003;348(17):1647-55. [PubMed: 12711739]10.1056/NEJMoa021715Search in Google Scholar

5. Nugent AW, Daubeney PE, Chondros P, et al., for the National Australian Childhood Cardiomyopathy Study. The epidemiology of childhood cardiomyopathy in Australia. N Engl J Med. 2003;348:1639-1646.10.1056/NEJMoa021737Search in Google Scholar

6. Ahmad F, Seidman JG, Seidman CE. The genetic basis for cardiac remodeling. Annu Rev Genomics Hum Genet. 2005;6:185-216.10.1146/annurev.genom.6.080604.162132Search in Google Scholar

7. Marian AJ, Roberts R. The molecular genetic basis for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. J Mol Cell Cardiol. 2001;33:655-670.10.1006/jmcc.2001.1340Search in Google Scholar

8. Niimura H, Patton KK, McKenna WJ, et al. Sarcomere protein gene mutations in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy of the elderly. Circulation. 2002;105:446-451.10.1161/hc0402.102990Search in Google Scholar

9. Richard P, Charron P, Carrier L, et al. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: distribution of disease genes, spectrum of mutations, and implications for a molecular diagnosis strategy. Circulation. 2003;107:2227-2232.10.1161/01.CIR.0000066323.15244.54Search in Google Scholar

10. Seidman JG, Seidman C. The genetic basis for cardiomyopathy: from mutation identifi cation to mechanistic paradigms. Cell. 2001;104:557-567.10.1016/S0092-8674(01)00242-2Search in Google Scholar

11. Colan SD, Lipshultz SE, Lowe AM, et al. Epidemiology and cause-specifi c outcome of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in children: fi ndings from the Pediatric Cardiomyopathy Registry. Circulation. 2007;115:773-781.10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.621185Search in Google Scholar

12. Nugent AW, Daubeney PE, Chondros P, et al. Clinical features and outcomes of childhood hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: results from a national population-based study. Circulation. 2005;112:1332-1338.10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.104.530303Search in Google Scholar

13. Schwartz ML, Cox GF, Lin AE, et al. Clinical approach to genetic cardiomyopathy in children. Circulation. 1996;94:2021-2038.10.1161/01.CIR.94.8.2021Search in Google Scholar

14. Maron BJ. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in childhood. Pediatr Clin North Am. 2004;51:1305-1346.10.1016/j.pcl.2004.04.017Search in Google Scholar

15. Marino B, Digilio MC, Toscano A, et al. Congenital heart disease in children with Noonan syndrome: an expanded cardiac spectrum with high prevalence of atrioventricular canal. J Pediatr 1999;135:703-6.10.1016/S0022-3476(99)70088-0Search in Google Scholar

16. Van der Burgt I. Noonan syndrome. Orphanet J Rare Dis. 2007;2:4.10.1186/1750-1172-2-4Search in Google Scholar

17. Burch M, Sharland M, Shinebourne E, et al. Cardiologic abnormalities in Noonan syndrome: phenotypic diagnosis and echocardiographic assessment of 118 patients. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1993;22:1189-92.10.1016/0735-1097(93)90436-5Search in Google Scholar

18. Allanson JE. Noonan syndrome. In: Cassidy SB, Allanson JE, editors. Management of Genetic Syndromes. Delaware: Wiley-Liss, Inc.; 2001. p. 253-68.Search in Google Scholar

19. Skinner JR, Manzoor A, Hayes AM, et al. A regional study of presentation and outcome of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in infants. Heart. 1997;77:229-33.10.1136/hrt.77.3.229Search in Google Scholar

20. Ostman-Smith I, Wettrell G, Riesenfeld T. A cohort study of childhood hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: improved survival following high-dose beta-adrenoreceptor antagonist treatment. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1999; 34:1813-22.10.1016/S0735-1097(99)00421-0Search in Google Scholar

21. McKenna W, Deanfi eld J, Faruqui A, et al. Prognosis in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: role of age and clinical, electrocardiographic and hemodynamic features. Am J Cardiol. 1981;47:532-8.10.1016/0002-9149(81)90535-XSearch in Google Scholar

22. Maron BJ, Henry NL, Clark CE, et al. Asymmetric septal hypertrophy in childhood. Circulation. 1976;53:9-19.10.1161/01.CIR.53.1.9Search in Google Scholar

23. Seiler C, Hess OM, Schoenbeck M, et al. Long-term follow-up of medical versus surgical therapy for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: a retrospective study. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1991;17:634-42.10.1016/S0735-1097(10)80176-7Search in Google Scholar

24. Koffl ard MJ, Waldstein DJ, Vos J, ten Cate FJ. Prognosis in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy observed in a large clinic population. Am J Cardiol. 1993;72:939-43.10.1016/0002-9149(93)91111-TSearch in Google Scholar

25. Kampmann C, Wiethoff C, Wenzel A, et al. Normal values of M mode echocardiographic measurements of more than 2000 healthy infants and children in central Europe. Heart. 2000;83(6):667-672.10.1136/heart.83.6.667Search in Google Scholar

26. Rakowski H, Fulop J, Wigle ED. The role of echocardiography in the assessment of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Postgrad Med J. 1986;62:557-61.10.1136/pgmj.62.728.557Search in Google Scholar

27. Wilkinson J, Lowe A, Salbert B, et al. Outcomes in children with Noonan syndrome and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: A study from the Pediatric Cardiomyopathy Registry. Am Heart J, 2012;164:442-8.10.1016/j.ahj.2012.04.018Search in Google Scholar

28. Yetman A, Hamilton R, Benson L, McCrindle B. Long-term outcome and prognostic determinants in children with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1998;32:1943-50.10.1016/S0735-1097(98)00493-8Search in Google Scholar

29. McCully RB, Nishimura RA, Tajik AJ, Schaff HV, Danielson GK. Extent of clinical improvement after surgical treatment of hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy. Circulation. 1996;94:467-471.10.1161/01.CIR.94.3.467Search in Google Scholar

30. Robbins RC, Stinson EB. Long-term results of left ventricular myotomy and myectomy for obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 1996;111:586-594.10.1016/S0022-5223(96)70310-0Search in Google Scholar

31. Mohr R, Schaff HV, Puga FJ, Danielson GK. Results of operation for hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy in children and adults less than 40 years of age. Circulation. 1989;80(pt 1):I-191-I-196.Search in Google Scholar

32. Theodoro DA, Danielson GK, Feldt RH, Anderson BJ. Hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy in pediatric patients: results of surgical treatment. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 1996;112:1589-1597.10.1016/S0022-5223(96)70018-1Search in Google Scholar

eISSN:
2247-6113
Language:
English
Publication timeframe:
6 times per year
Journal Subjects:
Medicine, Clinical Medicine, other