Open Access

Acute Toxicity of Veterinary and Agricultural Formulations of Organophosphates Dichlorvos and Diazinon in Chicks


Cite

Coggon D. Work with pesticides and organophosphate sheep dips. Occup Med 2002;52:467-70.10.1093/occmed/52.8.467Search in Google Scholar

International Program on Chemical Safety (IPCS). Organophosphate Pesticides [displayed 14 June 2011]; Available at http://www.inchem.org/dCuments/pims/chemical/pimg001.htmSearch in Google Scholar

Kachaiyaphum P, Howteerakul N, Sujirat D, Siri S, Swannapong N. Serum cholinesterase levels of Thai-chilli farm workers exposed to chemical pesticides: prevalence estimates and ass Ciated factors. J Occup Health 2010;52:89-98.10.1539/joh.Q9003Search in Google Scholar

Jaga K, Dharmani C. Sources of exposure to and public health implications of organophosphate pesticides. Rev Panam Salud Publica 2003;14:171-85.10.1590/S1020-49892003000800004Search in Google Scholar

Kwong TC. Organophosphate pesticides: biochemistry and clinical toxicology. Ther Drug Monit 2002;24:144-9.10.1097/00007691-200202000-00022Search in Google Scholar

Eddleston M, Eyer P, Worek F, Mohamed F, Senarathna L, von Meyer L, Juszczak L, Hittarage A, Azhar S, Dissanayake W, Rezvi Sheriff MH, Szinicz L, Dawson AH, Buckley NA. Differences between organophosphorus insecticides in human self-poisoning: a prospective cohort study. Lancet 2005;366:1452-9.10.1016/S0140-6736(05)67598-8Search in Google Scholar

Peter JV, Jerobin J, Nair A, Bennett A. Is there a relationship between the WHO hazard classification of organophosphate pesticide and outcomes in suicidal human poisoning with commercial organophosphate formulations? Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2010;57:99-102.10.1016/j.yrtph.2010.01.004Search in Google Scholar

Hill EF, Camardese MB. Toxicity of anticholinesterase insecticides to birds: technical grade versus granular formulations. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 1984;8:551-63.10.1016/0147-6513(84)90015-0Search in Google Scholar

Sidhu KS, Collisi MB. Case of an accidental exposure to a veterinary insecticide product formulation. Vet Hum Toxicol 1989;31:63-4.Search in Google Scholar

Kanikkannan N, Kandimalla K, Lamba SS, Singh M. Structure-activity relationship of chemical penetration enhancers in transdermal drug delivery. Cur Med Chem 2000;7:593-608.10.2174/0929867003374840Search in Google Scholar

Karallieddea LD, Edwards P, Marrs TC. Variables influencing the toxic response to organophosphates in humans. Food Chem Toxicol 2003;41:1-13.10.1016/S0278-6915(02)00232-6Search in Google Scholar

Guhathakurta S, Bhattacharya S. In vitro inhibition of goat brain acetylcholinesterase by pure and commercial anticholinesterase pesticides. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 1989;17:16-20.10.1016/0147-6513(89)90004-3Search in Google Scholar

Axelrad JC, Howard CV, McLean WG. Interactions between pesticides and components of pesticide formulations in an in vitro neurotoxicity test. Toxicology 2002;173:259-68.10.1016/S0300-483X(02)00036-7Search in Google Scholar

Sartorelli P, Aprea C, Bussani R, Novelli MT, Orsi D, Sciarra G. In vitro percutaneous penetration of methyl-parathion from a commercial formulation through the human skin. Occup Environ Med 1997;54:524-5.10.1136/oem.54.7.524Search in Google Scholar

Griffin P, Payne M, Maso H, Freedlander E, Curran AD, Cocker J. The in vitro percutaneous penetration of chlorpyrifos. Hum Exp Toxicol 2000;19:104-7.10.1191/096032700678815684Search in Google Scholar

Wilson BW. Cholinesterase inhibition. In: Wexler P, editor. Encyclopedia of toxicology. 2nd ed. Vol. 1. New York (NY): Elsevier; 2005. p. 588-99.10.1016/B0-12-369400-0/00232-5Search in Google Scholar

Farage-Elawar M, Francis MB. Effect of multiple dosing of fenthion, fenitrothion and desbromoleptophos in young chicks. J Toxicol Environ Health 1988;23:217-28.10.1080/15287398809531108Search in Google Scholar

Al-Badrany YMA, Mohammad FK. Effects of acute and repeated oral exposure to the organophosphate insecticide chlorpyrifos on open-field activity in chicks. Toxicol Lett 2007;174:110-6.10.1016/j.toxlet.2007.09.001Search in Google Scholar

Mohammad FK, Al-Badrany YM, Al-Jobory MM. Acute toxicity and cholinesterase inhibition in chicks dosed orally with organophosphate insecticides. Arh Hig Rada Toksikol 2008;59:145-51.10.2478/10004-1254-59-2008-1873Search in Google Scholar

Wilson BW. Clinical enzymology. In: Loeb WF, Quimby FW, editors. The clinical chemistry of laboratory animals. Philadelphia (PA): Taylor and Francis; 1999. p. 399-454.Search in Google Scholar

Cocker J, Mason HJ, Garfitt SJ, Jones K. Biological monitoring of exposure to organophosphate pesticides. Toxicol Lett 2002;134: 97-103.10.1016/S0378-4274(02)00168-6Search in Google Scholar

Wilson BW, Arrieta DE, Henderson JD. Monitoring cholinesterases to detect pesticide exposure. Chemico Biol Interact 2005;157-158:253-6.10.1016/j.cbi.2005.10.04316298353Search in Google Scholar

World Health Organization (WHO). Organophosphorus Insecticides: A General Introduction. Environmental Health Criteria No. 63. Geneva: WHO; 1986.Search in Google Scholar

World Health Organization (WHO). Dichlorvos. Environmental Health Criteria No. 79. Geneva: WHO; 1989.Search in Google Scholar

World Health Organization (WHO). Diazinon. Environmental Health Criteria No. 198. Geneva: WHO; 1998.Search in Google Scholar

Dixon WJ. Efficient analysis of experimental observations. Ann Rev Pharmacol Toxicol 1980;20:441-62.10.1146/annurev.pa.20.040180.0023017387124Search in Google Scholar

Al-Zubaidy MIH, Mohammad FK. Met Clopramide protection of diazinon-induced toxicosis in chickens. J Vet Sci 2007;8:249-54.10.4142/jvs.2007.8.3.249286813117679771Search in Google Scholar

Mohammad FK, Alias AS, Ahmed OAH. Electrometric measurement of plasma, erythrocyte and whole blood cholinesterase activities in healthy human volunteers. J Med Toxicol 2007;3:25-30.10.1007/BF03161035355012718072155Search in Google Scholar

Petrie A, Watson P. Statistics for Veterinary and Animal Science. Oxford: Blackwell Science Ltd; 1999.Search in Google Scholar

Naidu NV, Reddy KS, Janadhan A, Murthy MK. Toxicological investigation of dichlorvos in chicks. Indian J Pharmacol 1978;10:323-6.Search in Google Scholar

Abdelsalam EB. Neurotoxic potential of six organophosphorus compounds in adult hens. Vet Hum Toxicol 1999;41:290-2.Search in Google Scholar

Karanth S, Pope C. In vitro inhibition of blood cholinesterase activities from horse, cow and rat by tetrachorvinphos. Int J Toxicol 2003;22:429-33.10.1177/10915818030220060414680990Search in Google Scholar

ISSN:
0004-1254
Languages:
English, Slovenian
Publication timeframe:
4 times per year
Journal Subjects:
Medicine, Basic Medical Science, other