<abstract xml:lang="en" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>Frontotemporal dementias (FTD) are the second most common type of presenile dementias, considered to be clinically and pathologically different from Alzheimer's dementia (AD). FTD differs clinically from AD because memory loss is rarely an early symptom. Instead, FTD is usually denoted by behavioural and language difficulties, and may co-occur with motor neuron disease (MND). Frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) with ubiquitin-positive, tau-negative inclusions (FTLD-U) is the most common underlying pathology with and without MND. TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43), encoded by the TARDBP gene, has been identified as the major pathological protein of FTLD-U with or without MND, demonstrating that abnormal TDP-43 alone is sufficient to cause neurodegeneration. FTLD is a genetically complex disorder. A proportion of cases of FTLD-U have various pathogenic mutations in the <italic>progranulin</italic> (GRN) gene. Other FTLD-U entities with TDP-43 proteinopathy include FTLD-U with valosin-containing protein (VCP) gene mutation and FTLD with MND linked to chromosome 9p. In contrast, chromosome 3-linked dementia, a FTLD-U with chromatic modifying protein 2B (CHMP2B) mutation, has TDP-43 negative inclusions. Thus, TDP-43 defines a novel class of neurodegenerative diseases called <italic>TDP-43 proteinopathies.</italic> These recent discoveries will contribute to an accurate diagnosis, and facilitate the development of diagnosis and therapy.</p></abstract>

Frontotemporal dementias (FTD) are the second most common type of presenile dementias, considered to be clinically and pathologically different from Alzheimer's dementia (AD). FTD differs clinically from AD because memory loss is rarely an early symptom. Instead, FTD is usually denoted by behavioural and language difficulties, and may co-occur with motor neuron disease (MND). Frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) with ubiquitin-positive, tau-negative inclusions (FTLD-U) is the most common underlying pathology with and without MND. TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43), encoded by the TARDBP gene, has been identified as the major pathological protein of FTLD-U with or without MND, demonstrating that abnormal TDP-43 alone is sufficient to cause neurodegeneration. FTLD is a genetically complex disorder. A proportion of cases of FTLD-U have various pathogenic mutations in the progranulin (GRN) gene. Other FTLD-U entities with TDP-43 proteinopathy include FTLD-U with valosin-containing protein (VCP) gene mutation and FTLD with MND linked to chromosome 9p. In contrast, chromosome 3-linked dementia, a FTLD-U with chromatic modifying protein 2B (CHMP2B) mutation, has TDP-43 negative inclusions. Thus, TDP-43 defines a novel class of neurodegenerative diseases called TDP-43 proteinopathies. These recent discoveries will contribute to an accurate diagnosis, and facilitate the development of diagnosis and therapy.

Frontotemporal Dementias: Update on Recent Developments in Molecular Genetics and Neuropathology

Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Zagreb, Croatia

Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology

Frontotemporal dementias (FTD) are the second most common type of presenile dementias, considered to be clinically and pathologically different from...

Frontotemporal Dementias: Update on Recent Developments in Molecular Genetics and Neuropathology

Published Online: Mar 27, 2009

Page range: 117 - 122

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/10004-1254-60-2009-1921

Keywords
bolest motornog neurona, frontotemporalna lobarna degeneracija, granulin (GRN) mutacije, TARDBP, TDP-43 protein

This content is open access.

Frontotemporal Dementias: Update on Recent Developments in Molecular Genetics and Neuropathology

Published Online: Mar 27, 2009

Page range: 117 - 122

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/10004-1254-60-2009-1921

Keywordsbolest motornog neurona, frontotemporalna lobarna degeneracija, granulin (GRN) mutacije, TARDBP, TDP-43 protein

This content is open access.

Keywords
bolest motornog neurona, frontotemporalna lobarna degeneracija, granulin (GRN) mutacije, TARDBP, TDP-43 protein