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Is 3 Weeks of Exercise Enough to Change Blood Pressure and Cardiac Redox State in Hypertensive Rats?

Biljana Jakovljevic
Biljana Jakovljevic
, 
Sasa Plecevic
Sasa Plecevic
, 
Anica Petkovic
Anica Petkovic
, 
Tamara Nikolic Turnic
Tamara Nikolic Turnic
, 
Isidora Milosavljevic
Isidora Milosavljevic
, 
Kristina Radoman
Kristina Radoman
 and 
Ivan Srejovic
Ivan Srejovic
   | Dec 31, 2019
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Article Category: Original Scientific Article
Published Online: Dec 31, 2019
Page range: 319 - 326
Received: Sep 20, 2017
Accepted: Sep 26, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/sjecr-2017-0049
Keywords
© 2019 Biljana Jakovljevic et al., published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Fig. 1

Mean body weight of hypertensive and normotensive rats. The values are represented as mean ± SD. S-HTA-3-hypertensive rats that swam for 3 weeks; HTA-3-sedentery hypertensive control rats; S-NTA-3-normotensive rats that swam for 3 weeks; NTA-3-sedentery normotensive control rats. * statistical significance between S-HTA-3 vs S-NTA-3; # statistical significance between HTA-3 vs NTA-3.
Mean body weight of hypertensive and normotensive rats. The values are represented as mean ± SD. S-HTA-3-hypertensive rats that swam for 3 weeks; HTA-3-sedentery hypertensive control rats; S-NTA-3-normotensive rats that swam for 3 weeks; NTA-3-sedentery normotensive control rats. * statistical significance between S-HTA-3 vs S-NTA-3; # statistical significance between HTA-3 vs NTA-3.

Fig. 2

Effects of 3 weeks of swimming on TBARS levels of hypertensive and normotensive rats. The values are represented as mean ± SD. S-HTA-3-hypertensive rats that swam for 3 weeks; HTA-3-sedentery hypertensive control rats; S-NTA-3-normotensive rats that swam for 3 weeks; NTA-3-sedentery normotensive control rats. *statistical significance at the level of p < 0.05 is shown in Table 2.
Effects of 3 weeks of swimming on TBARS levels of hypertensive and normotensive rats. The values are represented as mean ± SD. S-HTA-3-hypertensive rats that swam for 3 weeks; HTA-3-sedentery hypertensive control rats; S-NTA-3-normotensive rats that swam for 3 weeks; NTA-3-sedentery normotensive control rats. *statistical significance at the level of p < 0.05 is shown in Table 2.

Fig. 3

Effects of 3 weeks of swimming on NO2− levels of hypertensive and normotensive rats. The values are represented as mean ± SD. S-HTA-3-hypertensive rats that swam for 3 weeks; HTA-3-sedentery hypertensive control rats; S-NTA-3-normotensive rats that swam for 3 weeks; NTA-3-sedentery normotensive control rats. *statistical significance at the level of p < 0.05 is shown in Table 2.
Effects of 3 weeks of swimming on NO2− levels of hypertensive and normotensive rats. The values are represented as mean ± SD. S-HTA-3-hypertensive rats that swam for 3 weeks; HTA-3-sedentery hypertensive control rats; S-NTA-3-normotensive rats that swam for 3 weeks; NTA-3-sedentery normotensive control rats. *statistical significance at the level of p < 0.05 is shown in Table 2.

Fig. 4

Effects of 3 weeks of swimming on O2− levels of hypertensive and normotensive rats. The values are represented as mean ± SD. S-HTA-3-hypertensive rats that swam for 3 weeks; HTA-3-sedentery hypertensive control rats; S-NTA-3-normotensive rats that swam for 3 weeks; NTA-3-sedentery normotensive control rats. *statistical significance at the level of p < 0.05 is shown in Table 2.
Effects of 3 weeks of swimming on O2− levels of hypertensive and normotensive rats. The values are represented as mean ± SD. S-HTA-3-hypertensive rats that swam for 3 weeks; HTA-3-sedentery hypertensive control rats; S-NTA-3-normotensive rats that swam for 3 weeks; NTA-3-sedentery normotensive control rats. *statistical significance at the level of p < 0.05 is shown in Table 2.

Fig. 5

Effects of 3 week of swimming on H2O2 levels of hypertensive and normotensive rats. The values are represented as mean ± SD. S-HTA-3-hypertensive rats that swam for 3 weeks; HTA-3-sedentery hypertensive control rats; S-NTA-3-normotensive rats that swam for 3 weeks; NTA-3-sedentery normotensive control rats. *statistical significance at the level of p < 0.05 is shown in Table 2.
Effects of 3 week of swimming on H2O2 levels of hypertensive and normotensive rats. The values are represented as mean ± SD. S-HTA-3-hypertensive rats that swam for 3 weeks; HTA-3-sedentery hypertensive control rats; S-NTA-3-normotensive rats that swam for 3 weeks; NTA-3-sedentery normotensive control rats. *statistical significance at the level of p < 0.05 is shown in Table 2.

The average values of hemodynamic parameters of hypertensive and normotensive rats that swam for three weeks and their controls in last week

GroupsHemodynamic parameters
SBP (mmHg)DBP (mmHg)MAP (mmHg)HR (bpm)
S-HTA-3196,37 ± 6,87 a,b104,31 ± 7,12 a,b137,68 ± 6,64 a,b330,19 ± 19,27
HTA-3205,69 ± 7,19115,81 ± 8,73142,23 ± 7,12325,17 ± 14,37
S-NTA-3120,01 ± 4,2780,18 ± 6,4592,03 ± 6,75339,28 ± 17,21
NTA-3123,98 ± 6,1583,23 ± 7,6596,13 ± 4,27327,48 ± 16,57

Significance in level of oxidative stress parameters between hypertensive and normotensive rats who swam for three weeks at different values of coronary perfusion pressures

CPP (cmH2O)O2− (nmol/min/g wt)NO (nmol/min/g wt)
S-HTA-3 vs. HTA-3S-NTA-3 vs. NTA-3S-HTA-3 vs. S-NTA-3HTA-3 vs. NTA-3S-HTA-3 vs. HTA-3S-NTA-3 vs. NTA-3S-HTA-3 vs. S-NTA-3HTA-3 vs. NTA-3
40p>0,050p>0,050p>0,050p>0,050p>0,050p>0,050p>0,050p>0,050
60p>0,050p>0,050p>0,050p>0,050p>0,050p>0,050p>0,050p>0,050
80p>0,050p>0,050p>0,050p>0,050p>0,050p>0,050p>0,050p>0,050
100p>0,050p>0,050p>0,050p>0,050p>0,050p>0,050p>0,050p>0,050
120p>0,050p>0,050p>0,050p>0,050p>0,050p>0,050p>0,050p>0,050
H2O2 (nmol/min/g wt)TBARS (μmol/min/g wt)
S-HTA-3 vs. HTA-3S-NTA-3 vs. NTA-3S-HTA-3 vs. S-NTA-3HTA-3 vs. NTA-3S-HTA-3 vs. HTA-3S-NTA-3 vs. NTA-3S-HTA-3 vs. S-NTA-3HTA-3 vs. NTA-3
40p>0,050p>0,050p>0,050p>0,050p>0,050p>0,050p>0,050p>0,050
60p>0,050p>0,050p>0,050p>0,050p>0,050p>0,050p>0,050p>0,050
80p>0,050p>0,050p=0,049p>0,050p>0,050p>0,050p>0,050p>0,050
100p>0,050p>0,050p=0,037p>0,050p>0,050p>0,050p>0,050p>0,050
120p>0,050p>0,050p=0,029p>0,050p>0,050p>0,050p>0,050p>0,050
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