Stem breakage and forking in low and high elevation Pinus tecunumanii

Birks, J. S. and R. D. Barnes (1995): Provenance variation in Pinus caribaea, P. oocarpa and P. patula ssp. tecunumanii. Tropical Forestry Papers. 21: 40p.Search in Google Scholar

Costa, E. S. J and G. Lars (2008): Evaluation of an international series of Pinus kesiya provenance trials for growth and wood quality traits. Forest Ecology and Management 255: 3477–3488.10.1016/j.foreco.2008.02.027Search in Google Scholar

Crockford, K. J., A. J. Dunsdon, W. B. H. Baylis, J. S. Birks and R. D. Barnes (1990): Evaluation of tropical pine provenance and progeny tests. ODA Research Scheme R.4346. Oxford Forestry Institute, University of Oxford. Final Report. 136 pp.Search in Google Scholar

Dvorak, W. S., C. E. Balocchi and R. H. Raymond (1989): Performance and stability of provenances and families of Pinus tecunumanii in the tropics and subtropics. In: Proc. Of an IUFRO conference on Breeding Tropical Trees: Population Structure and Genetic Improvement Strategies in Clonal and seedling forestry. Pattaya, Thailand, 28 November – 3 December, 1988, pp 187–196.Search in Google Scholar

Dvorak, W. S., C. C. Lambeth and B. Li (1993): Genetic and site effects on stem breakage in Pinus tecunumanii. New Forests 7: 237–253.10.1007/BF00127388Search in Google Scholar

Dvorak, W. S., J. K. Donahue and J. A. Vasquez (1996): Provenance and progeny results for the tropical white pine, Pinus chiapensis, at five and eight years of age. New Forests 12: 125–140.10.1007/BF00036625Search in Google Scholar

Dvorak, W. S., G. R. Hodge, E. A. Gutierrez, F. S. Malan and T. K. Stanger (2000a): Pinus tecunumanii. In: Conservation & Testing of Tropical & Subtropical Forest Tree Species by the CAMCORE Cooperative, College of Natural Resources, NSCU. Raleigh, NC. USA. pp. 188–209.Search in Google Scholar

Dvorak, W. S., J. E. Kietzka, T. K. Stanger and M. Mapula (2000b): Pinus herrerae. In: Conservation & Testing of Tropical & Subtropical Forest Tree Species by the CAMCORE Cooperative, College of Natural Resources, NSCU. Raleigh, NC. USA. pp 75–84.Search in Google Scholar

Dvorak, W. S., E. Kietzka, G. R. Hodge, A. Nel, G. A. dos Santos and C. Gantz (2007): Assessing the potential of Pinus herrerae as a plantation species for the subtropics. Forest Ecology and Management Forest Ecology 242: 598–605.10.1016/j.foreco.2007.01.076Search in Google Scholar

Eklundh-Ehrenberg, C. (1963): Genetic variation in progeny tests of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.). Studia Forestal Suecia 10: 1–135.Search in Google Scholar

Hodge, G. R. and W. S. Dvorak (1999): Genetic Parameters and Provenance Variation in Pinus tecunumanii in 78 International Trials. Forest Genetics 6: 157–180.Search in Google Scholar

Moura, V. P. G. and W. S. Dvorak (1998): Provenance and family performance of Pinus tecunumanii at 12 years of age in the Cerrado region of Brazil. Forest Genetics 5: 137–145.Search in Google Scholar

Moura, P. G., W. S. Dvorak and G. R. Hodge (1998): Provenance and family variation of Pinus oocarpa grown in the Brazilian Cerrado References and further reading may be available for this article. To view references and further reading you must purchase this article.. Forest Ecology and Management 109: 315–322.10.1016/S0378-1127(98)00265-5Search in Google Scholar

Moura, V. P. G. and W. S. Dvorak (2001): Provenance and family variation of Pinus caribaea var. hondurensis from Guatemala and Honduras, grown in Brazil, Colombia and Venezuela. Pesq. Agropec. Bras., Brasília 36: 225–234.Search in Google Scholar

Neter, J. and W. Wasserman (1985): Applied Linear Statistical Models. Richard D. Irwin, Inc. Homewood, Illinois, 842 pp.Search in Google Scholar

Nyoka, B. I. and R. D. Barnes (1995): Genetic parameters and provenance productivity of Pinus oocarpa and Pinus patula ssp. tecunumanii. South African Forestry Journal 173: 1–7.10.1080/00382167.1995.9629683Search in Google Scholar

Nyoka, B. I., P. Tongoona and C. M. Gumbie (in press): Provenance productivity of high and low elevation Pinus tecunumanii in Zimbabwe. Silvae Genetica 59(4): 189–199.10.1515/sg-2010-0023Search in Google Scholar

Parfitt, R. (1996): Stem breakage in Colombia and South Africa of Pinus tecunumanii from high elevation sources. Unpublished MSc thesis, University of Pretoria, South Africa. 67p.Search in Google Scholar

Sas: SAS Institute Inc. (1998): SAS/STAT^® User’s guide, Release 6.03 Edition. Cary, NC, USA. 1028 pp.Search in Google Scholar

Ståhl, E. G., B. Persson and E. Prescher (1990): Effect of provenance and spacing on stem straightness and number of stems with spike knots in Pinus sylvestris L. – Northern Sweden and countrywide models. Studia Forestal in Suecia 184: 1–16, ISBN 9157643458.Search in Google Scholar

Steel, R. G. D., J. H. Torrie and D. A. Dickey (1997): Principles and Procedures of Statistics: a Biometrical Approach. 3^rd Edition, McGraw-Hill Inc., New York. 666pp.Search in Google Scholar