<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p> This paper investigates the impact of farm-nonfarm diversification (FND) on household income and food expenditure in urban Ghana using propensity score matching (PSM) technique to account for potential selection bias. We find diversified households to be statistically different from undiversified households in terms of household characteristics. Age, gender, educational attainment of the household head, household size, ownership of livestock and agricultural land, and receipt of miscellaneous and rent incomes are positive and significant determinants of FND in urban Ghana. In addition, we find that participation in both farm and nonfarm activities positively and significantly impacts household income and food expenditure. In the light of growing urbanization, with its implications for unemployment, poverty and food insecurity, we recommend diversification among urban households as a means of smoothing income and consumption.</p></abstract>

This paper investigates the impact of farm-nonfarm diversification (FND) on household income and food expenditure in urban Ghana using propensity score matching (PSM) technique to account for potential selection bias. We find diversified households to be statistically different from undiversified households in terms of household characteristics. Age, gender, educational attainment of the household head, household size, ownership of livestock and agricultural land, and receipt of miscellaneous and rent incomes are positive and significant determinants of FND in urban Ghana. In addition, we find that participation in both farm and nonfarm activities positively and significantly impacts household income and food expenditure. In the light of growing urbanization, with its implications for unemployment, poverty and food insecurity, we recommend diversification among urban households as a means of smoothing income and consumption.

Urban Farm-Nonfarm Diversification, Household Income and Food Expenditure in Ghana

Studies in Business and Economics

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.

This paper investigates the impact of farm-nonfarm diversification (FND) on household income and food expenditure in urban Ghana using propensity score...

Urban Farm-Nonfarm Diversification, Household Income and Food Expenditure in Ghana

Published Online: Oct 21, 2017

Page range: 6 - 19

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/sbe-2017-0017

Keywords
Farm-Nonfarm Diversification, Household Income, Poverty, Food Expenditure, Propensity Score Matching, Urban Ghana

© 2017

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.

Urban Farm-Nonfarm Diversification, Household Income and Food Expenditure in Ghana

Published Online: Oct 21, 2017

Page range: 6 - 19

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/sbe-2017-0017

KeywordsFarm-Nonfarm Diversification, Household Income, Poverty, Food Expenditure, Propensity Score Matching, Urban Ghana

© 2017

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.

Keywords
Farm-Nonfarm Diversification, Household Income, Poverty, Food Expenditure, Propensity Score Matching, Urban Ghana