Minimally invasive electrochemotherapy procedure for treating nasal duct tumors in dogs using a single needle electrode
, , , and | Nov 01, 2017
About this article
Article Category: Research Article
Published Online: Nov 01, 2017
Page range: 422 - 430
Received: Aug 01, 2017
Accepted: Oct 02, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/raon-2017-0043
© 2017 Felipe Maglietti, Matías Tellado, Nahuel Olaiz, Sebastian Michinski, Guillermo Marshall
This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License, which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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Control group patient details
| Patient | Breed | Histology | Adam’s stage | Cause of death |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Puddle | Tubulopapillary carcinoma | T1 | Euthanasia due to local progression. |
| 2 | Crossbreed | Carcinoma | T2 | Euthanasia due to local progression. |
| 3 | Akita Inu | Chondrosarcoma | T2 | Euthanasia due to local progression to central nervous system |
| 4 | Crossbreed | Adenocarcinoma | T3 | Death due to local progression. |
| 5 | Boxer | Carcinoma | T4 | Death due to lung metastasis. |
| 6 | Crossbreed | Squamous cell carcinoma | T2 | Euthanasia due to breathing difficulty. |
| 7 | Crossbreed | Carcinoma | T2 | Euthanasia. |
| 8 | Labrador Retriever | Carcinoma | T3 | Euthanasia due to uncontrollable pain. |
| 9 | Fox Terrier | Solid carcinoma | T2 | Euthanasia. |
| 10 | Cocker Spaniel | Adenocarcinoma | T3 | Euthanasia due to local progression and pain. |
SiNE group patient details and treatment outcome
| Patient | Breed | Histology | Adam’s stage | Response | Clinical Evaluation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Golden Retriever | Adenocarcinoma grade 3 | T2 | PR | Partial reduction of clinical signs, with a persistent minimum nasal discharge. |
| 2 | Miniature Pinscher | Adenocarcinoma grade 2 | T2 | CR | Complete resolution of clinical signs. |
| 3 | Labrador Retriever | Solid carcinoma grade 3 | T3 | PR | Partial reduction of clinical signs, with persistence of ocular discharge. Death by euthanasia due to distal radius metastasis. |
| 4 | Old English Mastiff | Adenocarcinoma grade 2 | T4 | PR | Complete Resolution of clinical signs. |
| 5 | Crossbreed | Squamous cell carcinoma | T2 | PR | Partial reduction of clinical signs with persistence of minimum nasal discharge. |
| 6 | Labrador Retriever | Round cell sarcoma | T3 | PR | Complete resolution of clinical signs. |
| 7 | Collie | Sticker sarcoma | T1 | CR | Complete resolution of clinical signs. |
| 8 | Golden Retriever | Squamous cell carcinoma | T2 | PR | Partial reduction of clinical signs, sneezing remains every day with occasional nasal discharge. Death by euthanasia based on the owner’s decision. |
| 9 | Spanish Breton | Adenocarcinoma grade 2 | T4 | SD | No reduction of clinical signs was observed, sneezing remained every day with continuous nasal discharge and persistent inflammation of the subcutaneous tissue and paranasal sinuses. Death by euthanasia based on poor quality of life. |
| 10 | Labrador Retriever | Squamous cell carcinoma | T2 | PR | Partial reduction of clinical symptoms with occasional sneezing. |
| 11 | Golden Retriever | Fibrosarcoma | T2 | CR | Complete resolution of clinical signs. |
Adam’s modified staging system
| Stage | Tumor characteristics |
|---|---|
| Confined to one nasal passage, paranasal sinus, or frontal sinus with no bony involvement. | |
| Any bony involvement, but no evidence of orbital, subcutaneous, or submucosal mass. | |
| Involvement of orbit or subcutaneous or submucosal mass. | |
| Tumor extension into nasopharynx or cribriform plate. |