Biomarkers in Community-Acquired Pneumonia Assessment

Alfthan, G. (1984). A micromethod for the determination of selenium in tissues and biological fluids by single-test-tube fluorimetry. Anal. Chim. Acta, 165, 187-194.10.1016/S0003-2670(00)85199-5Search in Google Scholar

Barnes, P. (1990). Reactive oxygen species and airway inflammation. Free Radic. Biol. Med., 9, 235-243.10.1016/0891-5849(90)90034-GSearch in Google Scholar

Beutler, E., Duron, O., Kelley, B. M. (1963). Improved method for the determination of blood glutathione. J. Lab. Clin. Med., 61, 882-888.Search in Google Scholar

Brigelius-Flohe, R., Maiorino, M. (2013). Glutathione peroxidases. Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 1830 (5), 3289-3303.10.1016/j.bbagen.2012.11.020Search in Google Scholar

Cantin, A., Hubbard, R., Crystal, S. (1989). Glutathione deficiency in the epithelial lining fluid of the lower respiratory tract in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Amer. Rev. Respir. Dis., 139 (2), 370-372.10.1164/ajrccm/139.2.370Search in Google Scholar

Castillo, R. L., Carrasco, R. A., Álvarez, P. I., Ruiz, M., Luchsinger, V., Zunino, E., Martínez, M. A., Avendaño, L. F. (2013). Relationship between severity of adult community acquired pneumonia and impairment of the antioxidant defense system. Biol. Res., 46 (2), 207-213.10.4067/S0716-97602013000200013Search in Google Scholar

Dalle-Donne, I., Rossi, R., Colombo, R., Giustarini, D., Milzani, A. (2006). Biomarkers of oxidative damage in human disease. Clin. Chem., 52 (4), 601-623.10.1373/clinchem.2005.061408Search in Google Scholar

Day, B. J. (2005). Glutathione: A radical treatment for cystic fibrosis lung disease. Chest, 127 (1), 12-14.10.1378/chest.127.1.12Search in Google Scholar

Esterbauer, H., Cheesman K. (1990). Determination of aldehydic lipid peroxidation products: malonaldehyde and 4-hydroxynonenal. Methods Enzymol., 186, 407-421.10.1016/0076-6879(90)86134-HSearch in Google Scholar

File, T. (2003). Community-acquired pneumonia. Lancet, 362, 1991-2001.10.1016/S0140-6736(03)15021-0Search in Google Scholar

Fine, M., Auble, T., Yealy, D., Hanusa, B., Weissfeld, L., Singer, D., Coley, C., Marrie, T., Kapoor, W. (1997). A prediction rule to identify low-risk patients with community-acquired pneumonia. New Engl. J. Med., 336 (4), 243-250.10.1056/NEJM1997012333604028995086Search in Google Scholar

Frei, C., Attridge, R., Mortensen, E., Restrepo, M., Yu, Y., Oramasionwu, C., Ruiz, J., Burgess, D. (2010). Guideline-concordant antibiotic use and survival among patients with community-acquired pneumonia admitted to the intensive care unit. Clin. Ther., 32 (2), 293-299.10.1016/j.clinthera.2010.02.006Search in Google Scholar

Groleau, J., Dussault, S., Haddad, P., Turgeon, J., Menard, C., Chan, J., Rivard, A. (2010). Essential role of copper-zinc superoxide dismutase for ischemia-induced neovascularization via modulation of bone marrowderived endothelial progenitor cells. Arterioscler. Thromb Vasc. Biol., 30, 2173-2181.10.1161/ATVBAHA.110.212530Search in Google Scholar

Kelly, F. (1999). Gluthathione: in defence of the lung. Food Chem Toxicol, 37, 963-966.10.1016/S0278-6915(99)00087-3Search in Google Scholar

Nickler, M., Schaffner, D., Christ-Crain, M., Ottiger, M., Thomann, R., Hoess, C., Henzen, C., Mueller, B., Schuetz, P. (2016). Prospective evaluation of biomarkers for prediction of quality of life in community-acquired pneumonia. Clin. Chem. Lab. Med., 32 (4), 334-341.10.1515/cclm-2016-000127101551Search in Google Scholar

Nathan, C., Cunningham-Bussel, A. (2013). Beyond oxidative stress: An immunologist’s guide to reactive oxygen species. Nature Rev. Immunol., 13 (5), 349-361.10.1038/nri3423425004823618831Search in Google Scholar

Paglia, D., Valentine, W. (1967). Studies on the quantitative and qualitative characterization of erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase. J. Lab. Clin. Med., 70, 158-169.Search in Google Scholar

Poli, G., Schaur, R., Siems, W., Leonarduzzi, G. (2008). 4-hydroxynonenal: A membrane lipid oxidation product of medicinal interest. Med. Res. Rev., 28 (4), 569-631.10.1002/med.2011718058921Search in Google Scholar

Prousky, J. (2008). The treatment of pulmonary diseases and respiratoryrelated conditions with inhaled (nebulized or aerosolized) glutathione. Evid. Based Complement. Alternat. Med., 5 (1), 27-35.10.1093/ecam/nem040224974718317545Search in Google Scholar

Rahman, I., MacNee, W. (2000). Oxidative stress and regulation of glutathione in lung inflammation. Eur. Respir. J., 16 (3), 534-554.10.1034/j.1399-3003.2000.016003534.x11028671Search in Google Scholar

Rahman, I, van Schadewijk, A., Crowther, A., Hiemstra, P., Stolk, J., MacNee, W., De Boer, W (2002). 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal, a specific lipid peroxidation product, is elevated in lungs of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Amer. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., 166, 490-495.10.1164/rccm.211010112186826Search in Google Scholar

Rahman, I., Biswas, S., Kode, A. (2006). Oxidant and antioxidant balance in the airways and airway diseases. Eur. J. Pharmacol., 533 (1-3), 222-239.10.1016/j.ejphar.2005.12.08716500642Search in Google Scholar

Rayman, M. (2012). Selenium and human health. Lancet, 379 (9822), 1256-1268.Search in Google Scholar

Schaur, R., Siems, W., Bresgen, N., Eckl, P. (2015). 4-Hydroxy-nonenal-a bioactive lipid peroxidation product. Biomolecules, 5, 2247-2337.10.3390/biom5042247Search in Google Scholar

Taivans, I., Jurka, N., Skesters, A., Strazda, G. (2001). Cell spectrum and oxidant/anti-oxidant status of induced sputum in smokers with airway obstruction versus smokers without obstruction and nonsmokers. Eur. Respir. J., 18 (33), 92.Search in Google Scholar

Ursini, F., Maiorino, M., Forman, H. (2016). Redox homeostasis: The Golden Mean of healthy living. Redox. Biol., 8, 205-215.10.1016/j.redox.2016.01.010Search in Google Scholar

Voitsekhovskaia, J., Skesters, A., Orlikov, G., Silova, A., Rusakova, N., Larmane, L., Karpov, J., Ivanov, A., Maulins, E. (2007). Assessment of some oxidative stress parameters in bronchial asthma patients beyond add-on selenium supplementation. Biomed. Khim., 53 (5), 577-584.Search in Google Scholar

Watson, J. (2014). Type 2 diabetes as a redox disease. The Lancet, 383 (9919), 841-843.Search in Google Scholar

Welte, T., Torres, A., Nathwani, D. (2012). Clinical and economic burden of community-acquired pneumonia among adults in Europe. Thorax, 67, 71-79.10.1136/thx.2009.129502Search in Google Scholar

Woolliams, J., Wiener, G., Anderson, P., McMurray, C. (1983). Variation in the activities of glutathione-peroxidase and superoxide-dismutase and in the concentration of copper in the blood in various breed crosses of sheep. Res. Vet. Sci., 34, 253-256.10.1016/S0034-5288(18)32219-7Search in Google Scholar

Wunderink, R., Waterer, G. (2014). Clinical practice. Community-acquired pneumonia. New Engl. J. Med., 370 (6), 543-551.Search in Google Scholar

Yoo, M., Gu, X., Xu, X., Kim, J., Carlson, B., Patterson, A., Cai, H., Gladyshev, V., Hatfield, D. (2010). Delineating the role of glutathione peroxidase 4 in protecting cells against lipid hydroperoxide damage and in Alzheimer’s disease. Antioxid. Redox. Signal., 12, 819-827.10.1089/ars.2009.2891286154419769463Search in Google Scholar