[1. Carter CL, Allen C, Henson DE. Relation of tumor size, lymph node status, and survival in 24,740 breast cancer cases. Cancer. 1989;63:181-187.10.1002/1097-0142(19890101)63:1<181::AID-CNCR2820630129>3.0.CO;2-H]Search in Google Scholar
[2. Giuliano A. E., Kirgan D. M., Guenther J. M., Morton D. L. Lymphatic mapping and sentinel lymphadenectomy for breast cancer. Annals of Surgery. 1994;220(3):391-401.10.1097/00000658-199409000-00015]Search in Google Scholar
[3. Maunsell E, Brisson J & Deshenes L. Arm problems and psychological distress after surgery for breast cancer. Canadian Journal of Surgery 1993 Aug, 36(4) 315-20.]Search in Google Scholar
[4. Fisher B, Jeong JH, Anderson S, et al. Twentyfive- year follow-up of a randomized trial comparing radical mastectomy, total mastectomy and total mastectomy followed by irradiation. N Engl J Med.2002;347(8):567-575.10.1056/NEJMoa020128]Search in Google Scholar
[5. Veronesi U, Saccozzi R, Del Vecchio M, et al. Comparing radical mastectomy with quadrantectomy, axillary dissection, and radiotherapy in patients with small cancer of the breast. N Engl J Med.1981;305(1):6-11.10.1056/NEJM198107023050102]Search in Google Scholar
[6. Cady B, Stone MD, Schuler JG, Thakur R, Wanner MA & Lavin PT 1996 The new era in breast cancer: invasion, size, and nodal involvement dramatically decreasing as a result of mammographic screening. Archives of Surgery 131 301-308.10.1001/archsurg.1996.01430150079015]Search in Google Scholar
[7. Barth A, Craig PH, Silverstein MJ. Predictors of axillary lymph node metastases in patients with T1 breast carcinoma. Cancer. 1997;79:1918-22.10.1002/(SICI)1097-0142(19970515)79:10<1918::AID-CNCR12>3.0.CO;2-Y]Search in Google Scholar
[8. Tan YY, Wu CT, Fan YG, et al. Primary tumor characteristics predict sentinel lymph node macrometastasis in breast cancer. Breast J. 2005;11:338-43.10.1111/j.1075-122X.2005.00043.x]Search in Google Scholar
[9. Ravdin PM, De Laurentiis M, Vendely T, Clark GM. Prediction of axillary lymph node status in breast cancer patients by use of prognostic indicators. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1994;86:1771-75.10.1093/jnci/86.23.1771]Search in Google Scholar
[10. Hwang RF, Krishnamurthy S, Hunt KK, et al. Clinicopathologic factors predicting involvement of nonsentinel axillary nodes in women with breast cancer. Ann Surg Oncol. 2003;10:248-54.10.1245/ASO.2003.05.020]Search in Google Scholar
[11. Patani NR, Dwek MV, Douek M.Predictors of axillary lymph node metastasis in breast cancer: a systematic review.Eur J Surg Oncol. 2007 May;33(4):409-19.10.1016/j.ejso.2006.09.003]Search in Google Scholar
[12. Ahmed M, Purushotham AD, Douek M. Novel techniques for sentinel lymph node biopsy in breast cancer: a systematic review.Lancet Oncol. 2014 Jul;15(8):e351-62.10.1016/S1470-2045(13)70590-4]Search in Google Scholar
[13. W. Byon, E. Kim, J. Kwon, BJ.Song, C. Park. FDG-PET, MRI and USG in the assessment of axillary lymph node metastases in breast cancer- The Breast 24S1 (2015) S67.10.1016/S0960-9776(15)70165-7]Search in Google Scholar
[14. Hwang SO1, Lee SW, Kim HJ, Kim WW, Park HY, Jung JH. The Comparative Study of Ultrasonography, Contrast-Enhanced MRI, and (18) F-FDG PET/CT for Detecting Axillary Lymph Node Metastasis in T1 Breast Cancer.J Breast Cancer. 2013 Sep;16(3):315-21.10.4048/jbc.2013.16.3.315380072824155761]Search in Google Scholar
[15. Hyun SJ, Kim EK, Yoon JH, Moon HJ, Kim MJ. Adding MRI to ultrasound and ultrasound- guided fine-needle aspiration reduces the false-negative rate of axillary lymph node metastasis diagnosis in breast cancer patients.Clin Radiol. 2015 Jul;70(7):716-22. doi: 10.1016/j. crad.2015.03.004.]Search in Google Scholar
[16. Giuliano AE, Han SH. Local and regional control in breast cancer: role of sentinel node biopsy. Adv Surg. 2011;45:101-16.10.1016/j.yasu.2011.03.01521954681]Search in Google Scholar
[17. Mamounas ET. Optimal Management of the Axilla: A Look at the Evidence. Adv Surg. 2016 Sep;50(1):29-40. doi: 10.1016/j. yasu.2016.03.003.]Search in Google Scholar
[18. Moncayo VM, Aarsvold JN, Grant SF, Bartley SC, Alazraki NP. Status of sentinel lymph node for breast cancer.Semin Nucl Med. 2013 Jul;43(4):281-93. doi: 10.1053/j.semnuclmed. 2013.02.004.]Search in Google Scholar
[19. Gherghe M, Bordea C, Blidaru A. Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) vs. axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) in the current surgical treatment of early stage breast cancer. J Med Life. 2015 Apr-Jun;8(2):176-80.]Search in Google Scholar
[20. Zervoudis S, Iatrakis G, Tomara E, Bothou A, Papadopoulos G, Tsakiris G. Main controversies in breast cancer.World J Clin Oncol. 2014 Aug 10;5(3):359-73. doi: 10.5306/wjco.v5.i3.359]Search in Google Scholar
[21. Guillén-Paredes MP, Carrasco-González L, Cháves-Benito A, Campillo-Soto A, Carrillo A, Aguayo-Albasini JL. One-step nucleic acid amplification (OSNA) assay for sentinel lymph node metastases as an alternative to conventional postoperative histology in breast cancer: A cost-benefit analysis.Cir Esp. 2011 Aug-Sep;89(7):456-62. doi: 10.1016/j. ciresp.2011.04.013]Search in Google Scholar
[22. Takamoto K, Shimazu K, Naoi Y, Shimomura A, Shimoda M, Kagara N, Kim SJ, Tamaki Y, Noguchi S. One-Step Nucleic Acid Amplification Assay for Detection of Axillary Lymph Node Metastases in Breast Cancer Patients Treated with Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy. Ann Surg Oncol. 2016 Jan;23(1):78-86. doi: 10.1245/s10434-015-4693-y.]Search in Google Scholar
[23. Jimbo K, Kinoshita T, Suzuki J, Asaga S, Hojo T, Yoshida M, Tsuda H. Sentinel and nonsentinel lymph node assessment using a combination of one-step nucleic acid amplification and conventional histological examination. Breast. 2013 Dec;22(6):1194-9. doi: 10.1016/j. breast.2013.08.003]Search in Google Scholar
[24. Postacı H, Zengel B, Yararbaş U, Uslu A, Eliyatkın N, Akpınar G, Cengiz F, Durusoy R-Sentinel lymph node biopsy in breast cancer: predictors of axillary and non-sentinel lymph node involvement. Balkan Med J. 2013 Dec;30(4):415-21. doi: 10.5152/balkanmedj.2013.9591.]Search in Google Scholar
[25. Jiao D, Qiao J, Lu Z, Li L, Zhang H, Liu H, Cui S, Liu Z. Analysis of predictive factors affecting sentinel lymph node status in early breast cancer patients. Zhonghua Zhong Liu Za Zhi. 2014 Mar;36(3):198-201.]Search in Google Scholar
[26. Jaime Jans B, Nicolás Escudero M, Dahiana Pulgar B, Francisco Acevedo C, César Sánchez R, Camus AM -Clinicopathologic subtypes and compromise of lymph nodes in patients with breast cancer. Ecancermedicalscience. 2014 Jul 23;8:448. doi: 10.3332/ecancer.2014.448. eCollection 2014.]Search in Google Scholar
[27. Ugras S, Stempel M, Patil S, Morrow M. Estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and HER2 status predict lymphovascular invasion and lymph node involvement. Ann Surg Oncol. 2014 Nov;21(12):3780-6. doi: 10.1245/s10434-014-3851-y.]Search in Google Scholar
[28. Gangi A, Mirocha J, Leong T, Giuliano AE. Triple-negative breast cancer is not associated with increased likelihood of nodal metastases. Ann Surg Oncol. 2014 Dec;21(13):4098-103. doi: 10.1245/s10434-014-3989-7.]Search in Google Scholar
[29. Pijnappel EN, Bhoo-Pathy N, Suniza J, See MH, Tan GH, Yip CH, Hartman M, Taib NA, Verkooijen HM.- Prediction of lymph node involvement in patients with breast tumors measuring 3-5 cm in a middle-income setting: the role of Cancer- Math. World J Surg. 2014 Dec;38(12):3133-7. doi: 10.1007/s00268-014-2752-3.]Search in Google Scholar
[30. Sawaki M, Idota A, Ichikawa M, Gondo N, Horio A, Kondo N, Hattori M, Fujita T, Yatabe Y, Iwata H. - Impact of intrinsic subtype on predicting axillary lymph node metastasis in breast cancer. Oncol Lett. 2014 Oct;8(4):1707-1712.10.3892/ol.2014.2333]Search in Google Scholar
[31. Brenin DR, Manasseh DM, El-Tamer M, Troxel A, Schnabel F, Ditkoff BA, Kinne D. Factors correlating with lymph node metastases in patients with T1 breast cancer.Ann Surg Oncol. 2001 Jun;8(5):432-7.10.1007/s10434-001-0432-7]Search in Google Scholar
[32. Chung MJ, Lee JH, Kim SH, Suh YJ, Choi HJ. Simple Prediction Model of Axillary Lymph Node Positivity After Analyzing Molecular and Clinical Factors in Early Breast Cancer. Medicine (Baltimore). 2016 May;95(20):e3689. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000003689.]Search in Google Scholar
[33. Chadha M, Chabon AB, Friedmann P, Vikram B. Predictors of axillary lymph node metastases in patients with T1 breast cancer. A multivariate analysis. Cancer. 1994 Jan 15;73(2):350-3.10.1002/1097-0142(19940115)73:2<350::AID-CNCR2820730219>3.0.CO;2-5]Search in Google Scholar
[34. Tan LG, Tan YY, Heng D, Chan MY Predictors of axillary lymph node metastases in women with early breast cancer in Singapore.Singapore Med J. 2005 Dec;46(12):693-7.]Search in Google Scholar
[35. Gajdos C, Tartter PI, Bleiweiss IJ. Lymphatic invasion, tumor size, and age are independent predictors of axillary lymph node metastases in women with T1 breast cancers.Ann Surg. 1999 Nov;230(5):692-610.1097/00000658-199911000-00012142092410561094]Search in Google Scholar
[36. Qiu PF, Liu JJ, Wang YS, Yang GR, Liu YB, Sun X, Wang CJ, Zhang ZP. Risk factors for sentinel lymph node metastasis and validation study of the MSKCC nomogram inbreast cancer patients. Jpn J Clin Oncol. 2012 Nov;42(11):1002-710.1093/jjco/hys15023100610]Search in Google Scholar
[37. Ashturkar AV1, Pathak GS, Deshmukh SD, Pandave HT. Factors predicting the axillary lymph node metastasis in breast cancer: is axillary node clearance indicated in every breast cancer patient?: factors predicting the axillary lymphnode metastases in breast cancer.Indian J Surg. 2011 Oct;73(5):331-5.10.1007/s12262-011-0315-5320871623024536]Search in Google Scholar
[38. Wu SG, He ZY, Ren HY, Yang LC, Sun JY, Li FY, Guo L, Lin HX. Use of CEA and CA15-3 to Predict Axillary Lymph Node Metastasis in Patients with Breast Cancer. J Cancer. 2016 Jan 1;7(1):37-41. doi: 10.7150/jca.13090. eCollection 2016]Search in Google Scholar
[39. Tseng HS, Chen LS, Kuo SJ, Chen ST, Wang YF, Chen DR. Tumor characteristics of breast cancer in predicting axillary lymph node metastasis. Med Sci Monit. 2014 Jul 7;20:1155-61.10.12659/MSM.890491409920924998473]Search in Google Scholar
[40. Ko BS, Lim WS, Kim HJ, Yu JH, Lee JW, Kwan SB, Lee YM, Son BH, Gong GY, Ahn SH.-Risk factor for axillary lymph node metastases in microinvasive breast cancer.Ann Surg Oncol. 2012 Jan;19(1):212-6. 10.1245/s10434-011-1812-221633867]Search in Google Scholar
[41. Ngô C, Mouttet D, De Rycke Y, Reyal F, Fourchotte V, Hugonnet F, Falcou MC, Bidard FC, Vincent-Salomon A, Fourquet A, Alran S. Validation over time of a nomogram including HER2 status to predict the sentinel node positivity in early breast carcinoma.Eur J Surg Oncol. 2012 Dec;38(12):1211-710.1016/j.ejso.2012.08.00722954526]Search in Google Scholar
[42. Yoo SH, Park IA, Chung YR, Kim H, Lee K, Noh DY, Im SA, Han W, Moon HG, Lee KH, Ryu HS. A histomorphologic predictive model for axillary lymph node metastasis in preoperative breastcancer core needle biopsy according to intrinsic subtypes. Hum Pathol. 2015 Feb; 46(2):246-54. doi: 10.1016/j. humpath.2014.10.017.]Search in Google Scholar
[43. Danko ME, Bennett KM, Zhai J, Marks JR, Olson JA Jr. Improved staging in node-positive breast cancer patients using lymph node ratio: results in 1,788 patients with long-term follow-up. J Am Coll Surg. 2010 May;210(5):797-805.e1, 805-7. doi: 10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2010.02.045]Search in Google Scholar
[44. Cabioglu N, Yazici MS, Arun B, Broglio KR, Hortobagyi GN, Price JE, Sahin A. CCR7 and CXCR4 as novel biomarkers predicting axillary lymph node metastasis in T1 breast cancer. Clin Cancer Res. 2005 Aug 15;11(16):5686-9310.1158/1078-0432.CCR-05-001416115904]Search in Google Scholar
[45. Capdet J, Martel P, Charitansky H, Lim YK, Ferron G, Battle L, Landier A, Mery E, Zerdoub S, Roche H, Querleu D. Factors predicting the sentinel node metastases in T1 breast cancer tumor: an analysis of 1416 cases. Eur J Surg Oncol. 2009 Dec;35(12):1245-9. doi: 10.1016/j. ejso.2009.06.002.]Search in Google Scholar
[46. Susini T, Nori J, Olivieri S, Molino C, Marini G, Bianchi S, Vezzosi V, Livi L, Mascalchi M, Scarselli G. Predicting the status of axillary lymph nodes in breast cancer: a multiparameter approach including axillary ultrasound scanning. Breast. 2009 Apr;18(2):103-8.10.1016/j.breast.2009.02.00119285396]Search in Google Scholar
[47. Wasuthit Y, Kongdan Y, Suvikapakornkul R, Lertsithichai P, Chirappapha P. Predictive factors of axillary lymph node metastasis in breast cancer.J Med Assoc Thai. 2011 Jan;94(1):65-70.]Search in Google Scholar
[48. Giuliano AE, McCall L, Beitsch P, Whitworth PW, Blumencranz P, Leitch AM, Saha S, Hunt KK, Morrow M, Ballman K. Locoregional recurrence after sentinel lymph node dissection with or without axillary dissection in patients with sentinel lymph node metastases: the American College of Surgeons Oncology GroupZ0011 randomized trial.Ann Surg. 2010 Sep;252(3):426-32;10.1097/SLA.0b013e3181f08f32559342120739842]Search in Google Scholar
[49. Meattini I, Saieva C, Bertocci S, Francolini G, Zei G, De Luca Cardillo C, Scotti V, Greto D, Bonomo P, Orzalesi L, Bianchi S, Livi L. Predictive factors for additional non-sentinel lymph node involvement in breast cancer patients with one positive sentinel node.Tumori. 2015 Jan- Feb; 101(1):78-83.10.5301/tj.500022025702658]Search in Google Scholar
[50. Nadeem RM, Gudur LD, Saidan ZA. An independent assessment of the 7 nomograms for predicting the probability of additional axillary nodal metastases after positive sentinel lymph node biopsy in a cohort of British patients with breastcancer.Clin Breast Cancer. 2014 Aug;14(4):272-910.1016/j.clbc.2014.02.00625037530]Search in Google Scholar
[51. van den Hoven I, Kuijt G, Roumen R, Voogd A, Steyerberg EW, Vergouwe Y. A head to head comparison of nine tools predicting non-sentinel lymph node status in sentinel node positive breast cancer women.J Surg Oncol. 2015 Aug;112(2):133-8.10.1002/jso.2399226258749]Search in Google Scholar
[52. van den Hoven I, van Klaveren D, Voogd AC, Vergouwe Y, Tjan-Heijnen V, Roumen RM. A Dutch Prediction Tool to Assess the Risk of Additional Axillary Non-Sentinel Lymph Node Involvement in Sentinel Node-Positive Breast Cancer Patients.Clin Breast Cancer. 2016 Apr;16(2):123-30.10.1016/j.clbc.2015.09.00326602438]Search in Google Scholar
[53. Kuo YL, Chen WC, Yao WJ, Cheng L, Hsu HP, Lai HW, Kuo SJ, Chen DR, Chang TW. Validation of Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center nomogram for prediction of non-sentinel lymph node metastasis in sentinel lymph node positive breast cancer patients an international comparison.Int J Surg. 2013;11(7):538-4310.1016/j.ijsu.2013.05.00523707626]Search in Google Scholar
[54. Cordero JM, Bernet L, Cano R, Bustamante M, Vila R, Ballester B, González PJ. Study of the sentinel node in breast cancer using lymphoscintigraphy and a fast method for cytokeratin. Rev Esp Med Nucl. 2004 Jan-Feb;23(1):9-1410.1157/13056055]Search in Google Scholar
[55. Gur AS, Unal B, Johnson R, Ahrendt G, Bonaventura M, Gordon P, Soran A. Predictive probability of four different breast cancer nomograms for nonsentinel axillary lymph node metastasis in positive sentinel node biopsy.J Am Coll Surg. 2009 Feb;208(2):229-3510.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2008.10.02919228534]Search in Google Scholar
[56. Gur AS, Unal B, Ozbek U, Ozmen V, Aydogan F, Gokgoz S, Gulluoglu BM, Aksaz E, Ozbas S, Baskan S, Koyuncu A, Soran A; Turkish Federation of Breast Disease Associations Protocol MF08-01 investigators.- Validation of breast cancer nomograms for predicting the non-sentinel lymph node metastases after a positive sentinel lymph node biopsy in a multi-center study. Eur J Surg Oncol. 2010 Jan;36(1):30-5.10.1016/j.ejso.2009.05.00719535217]Search in Google Scholar
[57. Cserni G, Bori R, Maráz R, Leidenius MH, Meretoja TJ, Heikkila PS, Regitnig P, Luschin-Ebengreuth G, Zgajnar J, Perhavec A, Gazic B, Lázár G, Takács T, Vörös A, Audisio RA. Multi-institutional comparison of non-sentinel lymph node predictive tools in breast cancer patients with high predicted risk of further axillary metastasis. Pathol Oncol Res. 2013 Jan;19(1):95-10110.1007/s12253-012-9553-522798061]Search in Google Scholar
[58. Cserni G, Boross G, Maráz R, Leidenius MH, Meretoja TJ, Heikkila PS, Regitnig P, Luschin- Ebengreuth G, Zgajnar J, Perhavec A, Gazic B, Lázár G, Takács T, Vörös A, Audisio RA. Multicentre validation of different predictive tools of non-sentinel lymph node involvement in breast cancer.Surg Oncol. 2012 Jun;21(2):59-65.10.1016/j.suronc.2011.12.00122197294]Search in Google Scholar
[59. Freedman GM, Fowble BL, Li T, Hwang ES, Schechter N, Devarajan K, Anderson PR, Sigurdson ER, Goldstein LJ, Bleicher RJ. Risk of positive nonsentinel nodes in women with 1-2 positive sentinel nodes related to age and molecular subtype approximated by receptor status. Breast J. 2014 Jul-Aug;20(4):358-6310.1111/tbj.12276447243724861613]Search in Google Scholar
[60. Gülben K, Berberoğlu U, Aydoğan O, Kınaş V. Subtype is a predictive factor of nonsentinel lymph node involvement in sentinel node-positive breast cancer patients.J Breast Cancer. 2014 Dec;17(4):370-5.10.4048/jbc.2014.17.4.370427805725548586]Search in Google Scholar
[61. Cecilia Williams and Chin-Yo Lin Oestrogen receptors in breast cancer: basic mechanisms and clinical implications; Ecancermedicalscience. 2013; 7: 370.]Search in Google Scholar
[62. Carolina Gutierrez, M.D. and Rachel Schiff, Ph.D. HER 2: Biology, Detection, and Clinical Implications; Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2011 Jan; 135(1): 55-62.10.5858/2010-0454-RAR.1324241821204711]Search in Google Scholar
[63. P J van Diest, E van der Wall, and J P A Baak. Prognostic value of proliferation in invasive breast cancer: a review. J Clin Pathol. 2004 Jul; 57(7): 675-681. 10.1136/jcp.2003.010777177035115220356]Search in Google Scholar