Gender Representation of Athletes in Finnish and Swedish Tabloids

Bernstein, Alina (2002) Is It Time for a Victory Lap? Changes in the Media Coverage of Women in Sport. International Review for the Sociology of Sport 37(3-4):415-428.10.1177/1012690202037004022Search in Google Scholar

Bernstein, Alina & Blain, Neil (2003) Sport and the Media: The Emergence of a Major Research Field. In Bernstein, Alina & Blain, Neil (eds) Sport, Media, Culture: Global and Local Dimensions, 1-30. London: Frank Cass.10.1080/911094213Search in Google Scholar

Brookes, Rod (2002) Representing Sport. London: Arnold.Search in Google Scholar

Carlsson, Ylva (2003) Linna Johansson vägrar tycka likadant. Pressens Tidning 84(16):24-27.Search in Google Scholar

Crossman, Jane, Vincent, John & Speed, Harriet (2007) ‘The Times They are A-Changin’. Gender Comparisions in Three National Newspapers of the 2004 Wimbledon Championships. International Review for the Sociology of Sport 42(1):27-41.10.1177/1012690207081828Search in Google Scholar

Connell, R. W. & Messerschmidt, James W. (2005) Hegemonic Masculinity. Rethinking the Concept. Gender & Society 19(6):829-859.10.1177/0891243205278639Search in Google Scholar

Cooky, Cheryl, Messner, Michael A. & Hextrum, Robin H. (2013) Women Play Sport, But Not on TV: A Longitudinal Study of Televised News Media. Communication & Sport 1(3):203-230.10.1177/2167479513476947Search in Google Scholar

Cooky, Cheryl, Messner, Michael A. & Musto, Michela (2015) “It’s Dude Time!”: A Quarter Century of Excluding Women’s Sports in Televised News and Highlight Shows. Communication & Sport 3(3):261-287.10.1177/2167479515588761Search in Google Scholar

Dahlén, Peter (2008) Sport och medier. Kristiansand: IJ-Förlaget.Search in Google Scholar

Duncan, Margaret C. & Messner, Michael A. (2005) Gender in Televised Sports: News and Highlight Shows, 1989-2004. Los Angeles, Ca: Amateur athletic foundation. Available at: http://www.la84foundation.org/9arr/ResearchReports/tv2004.pdf (accessed 2 May 2015).Search in Google Scholar

Eastman, Susan T. & Billings, Andrew C. (2000) Sportscasting and Sports Reporting. The Power of Gender Bias. Journal of Sport & Social Issues 24(2):192-213.10.1177/0193723500242006Search in Google Scholar

Flick, Uwe (2009) An Introduction to Qualitative Research. 4^th edition. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.Search in Google Scholar

Harris, John & Clayton, Ben (2002) Feminity, Masculinity, Physicality and the English Tabloid Press. The Case of Anna Kournikova. International Review for the Sociology of Sport 37(3-4):397-413.10.1177/1012690202037004024Search in Google Scholar

Hovden, Jorid, Bruce, Toni & Markula, Pirkko (2010) The Big Picture: Data Comparisons and Implications. In Bruce, Toni, Hovden, Jorid & Markula, Pirkko (eds) Sportswomen at the Olympics. A Global Content Analysis of Newspaper Coverage, 289-304. Rotterdam: Sense.10.1163/9789460911071_022Search in Google Scholar

Kane, Mary Jo, LaVoi, Nicole M. & Fink, Janet S. (2013) Exploring Elite Female Athletes’ Interpretations of Sport Media Images: A Window Into the Construction of Social Identity and “Selling Sex” in Women’s Sports. Communication & Sport 1(3):269-298.10.1177/2167479512473585Search in Google Scholar

Kinnunen, Taina (2003) Kansakunnan sotureita ja ihannevartaloita – television urheilu-uutisten miesruumiin representaatiot. Lähikuva 17(1):16-29.10.23994/lk.116094Search in Google Scholar

Knoppers, Annelies & Elling, Agnes (2004) ‘We Do Not Engage in Promotional Journalism’. Discursive Strategies Used by Sport Journalists to Describe the Selection Process. International Review for the Sociology of Sport 39(1):57-73.10.1177/1012690204040523Search in Google Scholar

Koivula, Nathalie (1999) Gender stereotyping in televised media sport coverage. Sex roles 41(7/8):589-604.10.1023/A:1018899522353Search in Google Scholar

Koivula, Nathalie (2000) “Kämpa nu gubbar!” Om könsfördomar i sportbevakning. JMG Granskaren 3(1):18-21.Search in Google Scholar

Koivula, Nathalie (2001) Perceived Characteristics of Sports Categorized as Gender-Neutral, Feminine and Masculine. Journal of Sport Behavior 24(4):377-393.Search in Google Scholar

Krane, Vikki (2001) We Can Be Athletic and Feminine, But Do We Want To? Challenging Hegemonic Femininity in Women’s Sport. Quest 53(1):115-133.10.1080/00336297.2001.10491733Search in Google Scholar

Krane, Vikki, Choi, Precilla Y. L., Baird, Shannon M., Aimar, Christine M. & Kauer, Kerrie J. (2004) Living the Paradox: Female Athletes Negotiate Femininity and Muscularity. Sex Roles 50(5/6):315-329.10.1023/B:SERS.0000018888.48437.4fSearch in Google Scholar

Krippendorf, Klaus (1980) Content Analysis. An Introduction to Its Methodology. Beverly Hills, Ca.: Sage.Search in Google Scholar

Krippendorf, Klaus (2004) Content Analysis. An Introduction to Its Methodology. 2^nd edition. Thousand Oaks, Ca.: Sage.Search in Google Scholar

Laine, Antti (2011) Urheilujournalismin Suomi–Ruotsi-maaottelu. Vertaileva tutkimus suomalaisten ja ruotsalaisten iltapäivälehtien Ateenan 2004 ja Torinon 2006 olympiauutisoinnista. Helsinki: Edita.Search in Google Scholar

Larsson, Håkan (2003) Idrottens genus. Idrottsforum.org 22 June 2003. Available at: http://www.idrottsforum.org/articles/larsson/larsson.html (accessed 24 March 2015).10.1183/09031936.03.00066203Search in Google Scholar

Lehtinen, Tiina-Liisa (2006) Nais- ja miesurheilijan representointi Helsingin Sanomissa vuoden 2004 Ateenan olympialaisten kontekstissa. Jyväskylän yliopisto. Kielten laitos. Suomen kielen pro gradu -tutkielma.Search in Google Scholar

Lumpkin, Angela (2009) Female Representation in Feature Articles Published by Sports Illustrated in the 1990s. Women in Sport & Physical Activity Journal 18(2):28-51.10.1123/wspaj.18.2.38Search in Google Scholar

Markula, Pirkko (2009) ‘Acceptable Bodies’: Deconstructing the Finnish Media Coverage of the 2004 Olympic Games. In Markula, Pirkko (ed.) Olympic Women and the Media, 87-111. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.10.1057/9780230233942_5Search in Google Scholar

Messner, Michael A. (2002) Taking the Field. Women, Men, and Sports. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.Search in Google Scholar

Messner, Michael A., Duncan, Margaret C. & Cooky Cheryl (2003) Silence, Sports Bras, And Wrestling Porn. Women in Televised Sports News and Highlights Shows. Journal of Sport & Social Issues 27(1):38-51.10.1177/0193732502239583Search in Google Scholar

Mäkelä, Annu (2007) Muuttuva naiskuva: naisyleisurheilu Helsingin Sanomissa vuosien 1983 ja 2005 MM-kisoissa. In Roiko-Jokela, Heikki & Sironen, Esa (eds) Vanhat mestarit. Suomen urheiluhistoriallisen seuran vuosikirja 2007, 73-85. Helsinki: Minerva.Search in Google Scholar

Ojajärvi, Sanna & Valtonen, Sanna (2001) Naisten lentopallo, asiaa! Journalismikritiikin vuosikirja 2001/ Tiedotustutkimus 24(1):19-26.Search in Google Scholar

Pfister, Gertrud (2003) Kaupan paljasta pintaa – Anna Kournikova ja urheilu tavarana. In Roiko-Jokela, Heikki & Sironen, Esa (eds) Kynäniekkoja, kivinyrkkejä, mäki-matteja. Suomen urheiluhistoriallisen seuran vuosikirja 2003, 152-166. Jyväskylä: Atena.Search in Google Scholar

Pirinen, Riitta (2006) Urheileva Nainen lehtiteksteissä. Tampereen yliopisto. Acta Universitatis Tamperencis 1138.Search in Google Scholar

Rowe, David (1998) Play Up. Rethinking Power and Resistance in Sport. Journal of Sport & Social Issues 22(3):241-251.10.1177/019372398022003002Search in Google Scholar

Schreier, Margrit (2012) Qualitative Content Analysis in Practice. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.Search in Google Scholar

Steinke, Ines (2004) Quality criteria in qualitative research. In Flick, Uwe, von Kardorff, Ernst & Steinke, Ines (eds) A companion to qualitative research, 184-190. London: Sage.Search in Google Scholar

Tervo, Mervi (2002) “Havuja, perkele!” Sukupuoli, sankaruus ja kansallinen identiteetti suomalaisessa urheilu- uutisoinnissa. Nordia Tiedonantoja 1:64.Search in Google Scholar

Titscher, Stefan, Meyer Michael, Wodak, Ruth & Vetter, Eva (2000) Methods of Text and Discourse Analysis. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.10.4135/9780857024480Search in Google Scholar

Tolvhed, Helena (2010) Sweden. In Bruce, Toni, Hovden, Jorid & Markula, Pirkko (eds) Sportswomen at the Olympics. A Global Content Analysis of Newspaper Coverage, 61-72. Rotterdam: Sense.10.1163/9789460911071_006Search in Google Scholar

Wallin, Ulf (1998) Sporten i spalterna. Sportjournalistikens utveckling i svensk dagspress under 100 år. Göteborgs universitet. Göteborgsstudier i journalistik och masskommunikation 16.Search in Google Scholar

Wickman, Jan (2006) Mediaseksikäs miesurheilija. In Kinnunen, T. & Puuronen, A. (eds) Seksuaalinen ruumis, 143-159. Helsinki: Gaudeamus.Search in Google Scholar