Development of calcium titanium oxide coated silicon solar cells for enhanced voltage generation capacity
, , , , and | Feb 24, 2017
About this article
Published Online: Feb 24, 2017
Page range: 181 - 187
Received: Aug 09, 2016
Accepted: Feb 04, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/msp-2017-0036
Keywords
© 2017 K. Kathirvel, R. Rajasekar, T. Shanmuharajan, Samir Kumar Pal, P. Sathish Kumar, J. Saravana Kumar
This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License, which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Percentage difference in cell voltage generation of AR coated solar cell compared to bare cell under controlled atmosphere conditions.
| S. No. | Radiation from light [W/m2] | AR Coating time [min] | Percentage increase in cell voltage (compared to pure silicon solar cell) in temperatures [°C] | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 35 | 40 | 45 | 50 | 55 | |||
| 10 | 0.6 | 1.4 | 1.8 | 2.9 | 3.6 | ||
| 15 | 0.9 | 1.5 | 2.1 | 3.3 | 4.1 | ||
| 20 | 1.1 | 2.0 | 3.6 | 4.1 | 5.0 | ||
| 1 | 200 | 25 | 1.5 | 2.4 | 3.8 | 4.6 | 3.3 |
| 30 | 1.8 | 2.6 | 4.0 | 5.0 | 6.2 | ||
| 35 | 1.0 | 2.5 | 3.1 | 4.0 | 5.2 | ||
| 40 | 0.8 | 1.2 | 2.1 | 2.3 | 2.6 | ||
| 45 | 0.6 | 0.9 | 1.7 | 1.5 | 1.8 | ||
| 10 | 0.9 | 1.7 | 2.3 | 4.1 | 3.8 | ||
| 15 | 1.3 | 2.1 | 2.6 | 3.6 | 4.5 | ||
| 20 | 1.6 | 2.7 | 3.7 | 4.7 | 5.1 | ||
| 2 | 250 | 25 | 1.8 | 3.0 | 4.1 | 5.1 | 5.6 |
| 30 | 2.3 | 3.3 | 4.5 | 5.5 | 6.6 | ||
| 35 | 1.4 | 2.0 | 3.9 | 4.9 | 6.0 | ||
| 40 | 1.2 | 1.8 | 2.2 | 3.1 | 3.9 | ||
| 45 | 0.9 | 1.3 | 1.7 | 2.1 | 2.5 | ||
| 10 | 1.1 | 2.1 | 2.9 | 3.7 | 4.4 | ||
| 15 | 1.7 | 2.4 | 3.2 | 4.2 | 4.9 | ||
| 20 | 3.0 | 3.1 | 3.9 | 5.2 | 5.7 | ||
| 3 | 300 | 25 | 2.4 | 3.5 | 4.3 | 5.6 | 5.9 |
| 30 | 2.7 | 3.8 | 4.9 | 6.1 | 7.0 | ||
| 35 | 2.1 | 3.3 | 4.2 | 5.7 | 6.2 | ||
| 40 | 1.7 | 2.7 | 3.4 | 4.3 | 5.1 | ||
| 45 | 1.1 | 1.7 | 2.0 | 2.8 | 3.2 | ||
| 10 | 1.4 | 2.4 | 3.1 | 4.1 | 5.0 | ||
| 15 | 2.2 | 2.7 | 3.5 | 4.5 | 5.5 | ||
| 20 | 2.5 | 3.6 | 5.3 | 5.8 | 6.4 | ||
| 4 | 350 | 25 | 2.7 | 4.2 | 5.7 | 6.3 | 6.8 |
| 30 | 2.8 | 4.4 | 6.0 | 6.8 | 7.2 | ||
| 35 | 2.4 | 3.4 | 4.4 | 5.6 | 6.9 | ||
| 40 | 2.0 | 2.8 | 3.6 | 4.5 | 5.7 | ||
| 45 | 1.3 | 2.0 | 2.4 | 3.5 | 3.7 | ||
| 10 | 1.6 | 2.7 | 3.6 | 4.6 | 5.3 | ||
| 15 | 2.3 | 3.5 | 4.4 | 3.7 | 6.0 | ||
| 20 | 2.6 | 3.7 | 5.5 | 6.3 | 7.0 | ||
| 5 | 400 | 25 | 3.2 | 4.3 | 5.8 | 6.9 | 7.4 |
| 30 | 3.3 | 4.7 | 6.3 | 7.4 | 7.9 | ||
| 35 | 2.7 | 4.1 | 5.1 | 6.3 | 7.1 | ||
| 40 | 2.3 | 3.1 | 4.1 | 5.5 | 6.2 | ||
| 45 | 1.4 | 3.2 | 2.6 | 3.7 | 4.5 | ||
| 10 | 2.1 | 3.4 | 4.1 | 5.1 | 5.8 | ||
| 15 | 2.7 | 4.0 | 4.9 | 5.9 | 6.7 | ||
| 20 | 3.0 | 4.6 | 5.8 | 6.6 | 7.4 | ||
| 6 | 450 | 25 | 3.5 | 5.0 | 6.1 | 6.9 | 8.1 |
| 30 | 2.9 | 5.2 | 6.5 | 7.4 | 8.8 | ||
| 35 | 2.7 | 4.3 | 5.5 | 6.3 | 7.4 | ||
| 40 | 2.7 | 3.8 | 5.3 | 6.2 | 6.9 | ||
| 45 | 1.6 | 2.3 | 3.1 | 3.9 | 5.2 | ||
Percentage difference in cell voltage generation of AR coated solar cell compared to uncoated cell under open atmosphere conditions.
| Time interval | Radiation from sun [W/m2] | Percentage increase in cell voltage (compared to pure silicon solar sell) after AR coating time [min]: | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 10 | 15 | 20 | 25 | 30 | 35 | 40 | 45 | ||
| 10:00 | 626 | 7.2 | 7.9 | 9.1 | 10.1 | 10.3 | 7.7 | 4.2 | 1.5 |
| 10:30 | 837 | 9.3 | 9.9 | 10.7 | 11.1 | 12.5 | 11.5 | 5.3 | 2.2 |
| 11:00 | 985 | 10.6 | 11.6 | 13.1 | 15.4 | 16.2 | 12.4 | 5.7 | 2.7 |
| 11:30 | 1004 | 11.8 | 13.2 | 13.7 | 16.7 | 19.5 | 14.2 | 6.3 | 2.8 |
| 12:00 | 1081 | 13.9 | 15.7 | 19.7 | 24.7 | 27.7 | 15.0 | 6.4 | 2.8 |
| 12:30 | 1115 | 15.0 | 18.5 | 22.5 | 23.3 | 30.3 | 14.9 | 6.7 | 3.1 |
| 13:00 | 1155 | 15.9 | 19.1 | 22.5 | 25.7 | 30.8 | 16.1 | 6.9 | 3.2 |
| 13:30 | 1055 | 14.4 | 16.4 | 20.1 | 21.7 | 24.6 | 16.2 | 4.4 | 2.9 |
| 14:00 | 985 | 10.9 | 12.9 | 15.5 | 17.1 | 16.8 | 12.7 | 5.3 | 2.7 |
| 14:30 | 822 | 8.9 | 9.9 | 10.2 | 10.6 | 10.8 | 5.5 | 3.8 | 2.4 |
| 15:00 | 656 | 7.9 | 8.6 | 9.5 | 10.4 | 11.0 | 5.3 | 3.6 | 1.7 |
| 15:30 | 573 | 7.3 | 8.6 | 9.9 | 10.3 | 10.5 | 4.5 | 2.5 | 1.4 |
| 16:00 | 528 | 6.5 | 7.7 | 8.6 | 9.3 | 10.1 | 4.4 | 2.1 | 1.3 |
Seasonal climatic condition of Erode district, Tamil Nadu State, India.
| Month | February | March | April | May | June |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Record high [°C] | 37.6 | 39.7 | 40.3 | 40.4 | 38.6 |
| Average high [°C] | 33.3 | 35.9 | 36.7 | 35.2 | 32.2 |
| Average low [°C] | 19.5 | 21.3 | 23.4 | 23.5 | 22.4 |
| Record low [°C] | 12.8 | 15.6 | 17.8 | 16.1 | 18.3 |
| Average rainfall [mm] | 13.0 | 15.1 | 48 | 71.2 | 27.4 |
| Average rainy days | 1 | 1 | 3 | 4.2 | 2.7 |
Amounts of Si, Ca, Ti and O elements on the substrate obtained through EDS analysis.
| Element | Atomic | Atomic concentration |
|---|---|---|
| number | [wt. %] | |
| Si | 14 | 46.19 |
| Ca | 20 | 17.23 |
| Ti | 22 | 20.66 |
| O | 8 | 15.93 |
| 100.00 |