Peat decomposition – shaping factors, significance in environmental studies and methods of determination; a literature review

Aaby, B., 1976. Cyclic climatic variations in climate over the last 5500 years reflected in raised bogs. Nature 263, 281–284.10.1038/263281a0Search in Google Scholar

Aaby, B., 1986. Palaeoecological studies of mires. [In:] B.E. Berglund (Ed.): Handbook of Holocene Palaeoecology and Palaeohydrology. John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, 145–165.Search in Google Scholar

Aaby, B. & Berglund B.E., 1986. Characterization of peat and lake deposits. [In:] B.E. Berglund (Ed.): Handbook of Holocene Palaeoecology and Palaeohydrology. John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, 231–246.Search in Google Scholar

Barber, K.E., 1981. Peat stratigraphy and climatic change. Balkema, Rotterdam, 219 pp.Search in Google Scholar

Barber, K., Dumayne-Peaty, L., Hughes, P., Mauquoy, D. & Scaife, R., 1998. Replicability and variability of the recent macrofossil and proxy-climate record from raised bogs: field stratigraphy and macrofossil data from Bolton Fell Moss and Walton Moss, Cumbria, England. Journal of Quaternary Science 13, 518–528.10.1002/(SICI)1099-1417(1998110)13:6<515::AID-JQS393>3.0.CO;2-SSearch in Google Scholar

Benner, R., Fogel, M. L., Sprague, E. K. & Hodson, R. E., 1987. Depletion of c in lignin and its implications for stable carbon isotope studies. Nature 329, 708–710.10.1038/329708a0Search in Google Scholar

Biester, H., Knorr, K.-H., Schellekens, J., Basler, A. & Y.-M. Hermanns, Y.-M., 2014. Comparison of different methods to determine the degree of peat decomposition in peat bogs. Biogeosciences 11, 2691–2707.10.5194/bg-11-2691-2014Search in Google Scholar

Birks, H.J.B. & Birks, H.H., 1980. Quaternary Palaeoecology. Edward Arnold, London, 289 pp.Search in Google Scholar

Blackford, J.J., 1998. Holocene climatic variability in the North Atlantic region as shown by peat bog records. Fróδskaparrit 46, 155–162.Search in Google Scholar

Blackford, J.J., 2000. Palaeoclimatic records from peat bogs. Trends in Ecology & Evolution 15, 193–198.10.1016/S0169-5347(00)01826-7Search in Google Scholar

Blackford, J.J. & Chambers, F.M., 1991. Proxy records of climate from blanket mires: evidence for a Dark Age (1400 BP) climatic deterioration in the British Isles. The Holocene 1, 63–67.10.1177/095968369100100108Search in Google Scholar

Blackford, J.J. & Chambers, F.M., 1993. Determining the degree of peat decomposition in peat-based palaeoclimatic studies. International Peat Journal 5, 7–24.Search in Google Scholar

Botch, M.S., 1978. Niekotoryje zakonomiernosti razlozjenija rastienij na bolotach kak osnova dinamiki bolot [Some regularities of plant decomposition in mires as a base for mire dynamics]. [In:] O.L. Liss (Ed.): Gienjezis i dinamika bolot [Origin and dynamics of mires]. Izdatielstwo Moskovskowo Uniwiersitjeta, Moskva, 18–24.Search in Google Scholar

Botch, M.S. & Masing, V.V., 1979. Ekosistemy bolot SSSR [Mire ecosystems of the USSR]. Nauka, Leningrad, 187 pp.Search in Google Scholar

Broder, T., Blodau, C., Biester, H. & Knorr, K.H., 2012. Peat decomposition records in three pristine ombrotrophic bogs in southern Patagonia. Biogeosciences 9, 1479–1491.10.5194/bg-9-1479-2012Search in Google Scholar

Caseldine, C.J., Baker, A., Charman, D.J. & Hendon, D., 2000. A comparative study of optical properties of NaOH peat extracts: implications for humification studies. The Holocene 10, 649–658.10.1191/095968300672976760Search in Google Scholar

Chambers, F.M., Barber, K.E., Maddy, D. & Brew, J., 1997. A 5500-year proxy-climate and vegetation record from blanket mire at talla moss, borders, Scotland. The Holocene 7, 391–399.10.1177/095968369700700402Search in Google Scholar

Charman, D. J., Hendon, D. & Packman, S., 1999. Multiproxy surface wetness records from replicate cores on an ombrotrophic mire: Implications for Holocene palaeoclimate records. Journal of Quaternary Science 14, 451–463.10.1002/(SICI)1099-1417(199908)14:5<451::AID-JQS455>3.0.CO;2-NSearch in Google Scholar

Charman, D.J., Barber, K.E., Blaauw, M., Langdon, P.G., Mauquoy, D., Daley, T.J., Hughes, P.D.M. & Karofeld, E., 2009. Climate drivers for peatland palaeoclimate records. Quaternary Science Reviews 28, 1811–1818.10.1016/j.quascirev.2009.05.013Search in Google Scholar

Chiverrell, R.C., 2001. A proxy record of late Holocene climate change from May Moss, northeast England. Journal of Quaternary Science 16, 9–29.10.1002/1099-1417(200101)16:1<9::AID-JQS568>3.0.CO;2-KSearch in Google Scholar

Clymo, R.S., 1984. The limits to peat bog growth. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B 303, 605–654.10.1098/rstb.1984.0002Search in Google Scholar

Coulson, J.C. & Butterfield, J., 1978. An investigation of biotoc factors determining the rates of plant decomposition on blanket bog. Journal of Ecology 66, 631–650.10.2307/2259155Search in Google Scholar

Davydik, I.I., 1987. An approach to the determination of the state of decomposition pf peat and other organic substances. International Peat Journal 2, 19–27.Search in Google Scholar

Drzymulska D. & Zieliński, P., 2013. Developmental changes in the historical and present-day trophic status of brown water lakes. Are humic water bodies a uniform aquatic ecosystem? Wetlands 33, 909–919.10.1007/s13157-013-0452-7Search in Google Scholar

Drzymulska D., Kłosowski, S., Pawlikowski, P. & Zieliński, P. & Jabłońska, E. 2013. The historical development of vegetation of foreshore mires beside humic lakes; different successional pathways under various environmental conditions. Hydrobiologia 703, 15–31.Search in Google Scholar

Ellis, C.J. & Tallis, J., 2000. Climatic control of blanket mire development at Kentra Moss, north-west Scotland. Journal of Ecology 88, 869–889.10.1046/j.1365-2745.2000.00495.xSearch in Google Scholar

Frazier, B.E. & Lee, G.B. 1971. Characteristics and classification of three Wisconsin histosols. Soil Science Society of America Proceedings 35, 776–780.Search in Google Scholar

Gawlik, J., 1992. Wpływ stopnia rozkładu torfu i stanu jego zagęszczenia na właściwości wodno-retencyjne utworów torfowych [Effect of plant decomposition degree and its density on water-retention features of peat sediments]. Wydawnictwo IMUZ, Lublin – Falenty, 86 pp.Search in Google Scholar

Grosse-Brauckmann, G., 1986. Analysis of vegetative plant macrofossils. [In:] B.E. Berglund (Ed.): Handbook of Holocene Palaeoecology and Palaeohydrology. John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, 591–618.Search in Google Scholar

Grosse-Brauckmann, G., 1990. Ablagerungen der Moore. [In:] K. Göttlich (Ed.): Moor- und Torfkunde. Schweizerbart’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, Stuttgart, 145–165.Search in Google Scholar

Grosse-Brauckmann, G., 1996. Classification of peat and peatbogs in Germany and its botanical, ecological and pedological foundations. [In:] G.W. Lüttig (Ed.): Peatlands Use – Present, Past and Future. Proceedings of the 10^th International Peat Congress, Bremen, Vol. 2. E. Schweizerbart’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, Stuttgart, 21–38.Search in Google Scholar

Hornibrook, E.R.C., Longstaffe, F.J., Fyfe, W.S. & Bloom, Y., 2000. Carbon-isotope ratios and carbon, nitrogen and sulfur abundances in flora and soil organic matter from a temperate-zone bog and marsh. Geochemical Journal 34, 237–245.10.2343/geochemj.34.237Search in Google Scholar

Jasnowski, M., 1957. Calliergon trifarium Kindb. w układzie stratygraficznym i florze torfowisk holoceńskich Polski [Calliergon trifarium Kindb. in startygraphy and flora of the Holocene mires of Poland]. Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae 26, 701–718.10.5586/asbp.1957.038Search in Google Scholar

Jones, M.C., Peteet, D.M. & Sambrotto, R., 2010. Late-Glacial and Holocene δ15n and δ13c variation from a Kenai Peninsula, Alaska peatland. Palaeogeography Palaeoclimatology Palaeoecology 293, 132–143.10.1016/j.palaeo.2010.05.007Search in Google Scholar

Klavins, M., Sire, J., Purmalis, O. & Melecis, V., 2008. Approaches to estimating humification indicators for peat. Mires and Peat 3, 1–15.Search in Google Scholar

Kuhry, P. & Vitt, D.H., 1996. Fossil carbon/nitrogen ratios as a measure of peat decomposition. Ecology 77, 271–275.10.2307/2265676Search in Google Scholar

Lubliner-Mianowska, K., 1951. Wskazówki do badań torfu. Metody geobotaniczne, polowe i laboratoryjne [Guideline for peat studies. Geobotanical, field and laboratory methods]. Państwowe Wydawnictwo Techniczne, Katowice, 88 pp.Search in Google Scholar

Maciak, F. & Liwski, S., 1979. Ćwiczenia z torfoznawstwa [Peat-science practice]. Skrypty SGGW, Akademii Rolniczej w Warszawie, Warszawa, 159 pp.Search in Google Scholar

Maksimow, A., 1965. Torf i jego użytkowanie w rolnictwie [Peat and its agricultural use]. PWRiL, Warszawa, 395 pp.Search in Google Scholar

Malmer, N. & Wallén, B., 2004. Input rates, decay losses and accumulation rates of carbon in bogs during the last millennium: Internal processes and environmental changes. The Holocene 14, 111–117.10.1191/0959683604hl693rpSearch in Google Scholar

Mathur, S.P. & Farnham, R.S., 1985. Geochemistry of humic substances in natural and cultivated peatlands. [In:] G.R. Aiken, D.M. McKnight, R.L. Wershaw & P. MacCarthy (Eds): Humic substances in soil, sediments and water. John Wiley & Sons, New York, 53–86.Search in Google Scholar

Mauquoy, D. & Barber, K., 2002. Testing the sensitivity of the palaeoclimatic signal from ombrotrophic peat bogs in northern England and the Scottish Borders. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology 119, 219–240.10.1016/S0034-6667(01)00099-9Search in Google Scholar

Nilssen, E. & Vorren, K.D., 1991. Peat humification and climate history. Norsk Geologisk Tiddskrift 71, 215–217.Search in Google Scholar

Obidowicz, A., 1975. Entstehung und Alter einiger Moore im nördlichen Teil der Hohen Tatra. Fragmenta Floristica et Geobotanica 21, 3, 289–466.Search in Google Scholar

Obidowicz, A., 1990. Eine Pollenanalytische und Moorkundliche Studie zur Vegetationsgeschichte des Podhale-Gebietes (West-Karpaten). Acta Palaeobotanica 30, 147–219.Search in Google Scholar

Oświt, J., 1977. Naturalne siedliska torfotwórcze jako podstawa wyróżniania jednostek przyrodniczych [Natural peat-forming habitats]. Roczniki Nauk Rolniczych Seria F 79, 29–50.Search in Google Scholar

Oświt, J. & Żurek, S., 1981. Rekonstrukcja rozwoju zabagnień w pradolinie Biebrzy. Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Rolniczej we Wrocławiu 134, 59–70.Search in Google Scholar

Rydin, H. & Jeglum, J., 2008. The Biology of Peatlands. Oxford University Press, Oxford, 343 pp.Search in Google Scholar

Skrzypek, G., Kałużny, A., Wojtuń, B. & Jędrysek, M.-O., 2007. The carbon stable isotopic composition of mosses: A record of temperature variation. Organic Geochemistry 38, 1770–1781.10.1016/j.orggeochem.2007.05.002Search in Google Scholar

Stanek, W. & Silc, T., 1977. Comparisons of four methods for determination of degree of peat humification (decomposition) with emphasis on the von Post method. Canadian Journal of Soil Sciences 57, 109–117.10.4141/cjss77-015Search in Google Scholar

Tobolski, K., 2000. Vademecum Geobotanicum. Przewodnik do oznaczania torfów i osadów jeziornych [Vademecum Geobotanicum. Manual for peat and lacustrine sediment recognising]. Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN, Warszawa, 508 pp.Search in Google Scholar

Troels-Smith, J., 1955. Karakterisering af løse jordarter [Characterization of loose soils]. Danmarks Geologiske Undersogelse IV, Reakke 3,10, 1–73.10.34194/raekke4.v3.6989Search in Google Scholar

Yeloff, D. & Mauquoy, D., 2006. The influence of vegetation composition on peat humification: Implications for palaeoclimatic studies. Boreas 35, 662–673.10.1111/j.1502-3885.2006.tb01172.xSearch in Google Scholar

van der Linden, M. & van Geel, B., 2006. Late Holocene climate change and human impact recorded in a south Swedish ombrotrophic peat bog. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 240, 649–667.10.1016/j.palaeo.2006.03.039Search in Google Scholar

Varlygin, P. D. & Minkina, C.I., 1949. Polevoj sposób opredelenija stepeni razlozienija torfa – syrca posredstvom mazkov [Field method of determination of peat decomposition degree by smears]. Torfjanaja Promyslennost 3, 21–23.Search in Google Scholar

Żurek, S., Michczyńska, D.J. & Pazdur, A., 2002. Time record of palaeohydrologic changes in the development of mires during the Late Glacial and Holocene, North Podlasie Lowland and Holy Cross Mts. Geochronometria 21, 109–118.Search in Google Scholar