Impact of Repeated Yearly Applications of Prohexadione-Calcium On Vegetative and Reproductive Growth of ‘Golden Delicious’/M.9 Apple Trees

Asín L., Alegre S., Montserrat R. 2007. Effects of paclobutrazol, prohexadione-Ca, deficit irrigation, summer pruning and root pruning on shoot growth, yield, and return bloom, in a ‘Blanquilla’ pear orchard. Scientia Horticulturae 113: 142-148. DOI: 10.1016/j.scienta.2007.02.008.10.1016/j.scienta.2007.02.008Search in Google Scholar

Atay A.N., Koyuncu F., Atay E. 2013. Relative susceptibility of selected apple cultivars to alternate bearing. Journal of Biological and Environmental Sciences 7: 81-86.Search in Google Scholar

Blažek J., Hlušičková I. 2006. Seed count, fruit quality and storage properties in four apple cultivars. Journal of Fruit and Ornamental Plant Research 14, Supplement 2: 151-160.Search in Google Scholar

Buccheri M., Di Vaio C. 2004. Relationship among seed number, quality, and calcium content in apple fruits. Journal of Plant Nutrition 27: 1735-1746. DOI: 10.1081/lpla-200026409.10.1081/LPLA-200026409Search in Google Scholar

Byers R.E., Carbaugh D.H., Combs L.D. 2004. The influence of prohexadione-calcium sprays on apple tree growth, chemical fruit thinning and return bloom. Journal of the American Pomological Society 58: 111-117.Search in Google Scholar

Cline J.A. 2006. Apogee® - a new plant bioregulator for apples. Factsheet, 06-045, Queen’s Printer for Ontario, Toronto.Search in Google Scholar

Cline J.A., Embree C.G., Hebb J., Nichols D.S. 2008. Performance of prohexadione-calcium on shoot growth and fruit quality of apple - effect of spray surfactants. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 88: 165-174. DOI: 10.4141/cjps07087.10.4141/CJPS07087Search in Google Scholar

Costa G., Bregoli A.M., Sabatini E., Cristina B., Giannina V. 2000. Apogee™ controls shoot growth and fruit parameters. HortScience 35: 421.10.21273/HORTSCI.35.3.421ESearch in Google Scholar

Costa G., Andreotti C., Sabatini E., Bregoli A.M., Bucchi F., Spada G., Mazzini F. 2002. The effect of prohexadione-Ca on vegetative and cropping performance and fire blight control of pear trees. Acta Horticulturae 596: 531-534. DOI: 10.17660/actahortic.2002.596.89.10.17660/ActaHortic.2002.596.89Search in Google Scholar

Duyvelshoff C., Cline J.A. 2013. Ethephon and prohexadione- calcium influence the flowering, early yield, and vegetative growth of young ‘Northern Spy’ apple trees. Scientia Horticulturae 151: 128-134. DOI: 10.1016/j.scienta.2012.12.002.10.1016/j.scienta.2012.12.002Search in Google Scholar

Elfving D.C., Lombardini L., Mcferson J.R., Drake S.R., Faubion D.F., Auvil T.D. et al. 2003. Effects of directed applications of prohexadione-calcium to tops of mature pear trees on shoot growth, light penetration, pruning and fruit quality. Journal of American Pomological Society 57: 45-57.Search in Google Scholar

Elfving D.C., Lang G.A., Visser D.B. 2005. Effects of prohexadione-calcium and ethephon on growth and flowering of ‘Bing’ sweet cherry. Acta Horticulturae 667: 439-446. DOI: 10.17660/actahortic.2005.667.63.10.17660/ActaHortic.2005.667.63Search in Google Scholar

Evans J.R., Evans R.R., Regusci C.L., Rademacher W. 1999. Mode of action, metabolism, and uptake of BAS 125W, prohexadione-calcium. HortScience 34: 1200-1201.Search in Google Scholar

Faust M. 1989. Physiology of Temperate Zone Fruit Trees. John Wiley and Sons, New York, USA, 338 p.Search in Google Scholar

Forshey C.G., Elfving D.C. 1989. The relationship between vegetative growth and fruiting in apple trees. Horticultural Reviews 11: 229-287. DOI: 10.1002/9781118060841.ch7.10.1002/9781118060841.ch7Search in Google Scholar

Forshey C.G., Elfving D.C., Stebbins R.L. 1992. Training and pruning of apple and pear trees. American Society for Horticultural Science, USA, 166 p.Search in Google Scholar

Garner L.C., Zheng Y., Khuong T., Lovatt C.J. 2010. Prohexadione-calcium affects shoot growth of evergreen subtropical woody perennials differently than deciduous temperate zone woody perennials - is it a case of apples and oranges? Acta Horticulturae 884: 249-256. DOI: 10.17660/actahortic.2010.884.29.10.17660/ActaHortic.2010.884.29Search in Google Scholar

Greene D.W. 1999. Tree growth management and fruit quality of apple trees treated with prohexadionecalcium (Bas 125). HortScience 34: 1209-1212.10.21273/HORTSCI.34.7.1209Search in Google Scholar

Greene D.W. 2008. The effect of repeat annual applications of prohexadione-calcium of fruit set, return bloom, and fruit size of apples. HortScience 43: 376-379.Search in Google Scholar

Greene D.W., Autio W.R. 1994. Notching techniques increase branching of young apple trees. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 119: 678-682.10.21273/JASHS.119.4.678Search in Google Scholar

Greene D.W., Autio W.R. 2002. Apogee® - a new growth retardant for apples. Fruit Program, University of Massachusetts Extension Factsheet F-127R.Search in Google Scholar

Hoblyn T.N., Grubb N.H., Painter A.C., Wates B.L. 1936. Studies on biennial bearing - I. Journal of Pomology and Horticultural Science 14: 39-76. DOI: 10.1080/03683621.1937.11513464.10.1080/03683621.1937.11513464Search in Google Scholar

Jacyna T., Barnard J., Wielgus M. 2012. Immediate and residual effects of prohexadione-calcium, with or without ethephon, applied in a low-pH solution on vegetative and reproductive growth in sweet cherry trees (Prunus avium L.). Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology 87: 577-582. DOI: 10.1080/14620316.2012.11512914.10.1080/14620316.2012.11512914Search in Google Scholar

Mata A.P., Val J., Blanco A. 2006. Differential effects of prohexadione-calcium on red colour development in ‘Royal Gala’ and ‘Fuji’ apples. Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology 81: 84-88. DOI: 10.1080/14620316.2006.11512033.10.1080/14620316.2006.11512033Search in Google Scholar

Medjdoub R., Val J., Blanco A. 2004. Prohexadione-Ca inhibits vegetative growth of ‘Smoothee Golden Delicious’ apple trees. Scientia Horticulturae 101: 243-253. DOI: 10.1016/j.scienta.2003.11.005.10.1016/j.scienta.2003.11.005Search in Google Scholar

Medjdoub R., Val J., Blanko A. 2005. Inhibition of vegetative growth in red apple cultivars using prohexadione- calcium. Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology 80: 263-271. DOI: 10.1080/14620316.2005.11511927.10.1080/14620316.2005.11511927Search in Google Scholar

Miller S.S. 2002. Prohexadione-calcium controls vegetative shoot growth in apple. Journal of Tree Fruit Production 3: 11-28. DOI: 10.1300/J072v03n01_02.10.1300/J072v03n01_02Search in Google Scholar

Racskó J. 2008. Crop autoregulation of apple on different growth inducing rootstocks. PhD Thesis, University of Debrecen, Hungary.Search in Google Scholar

Rademacher W., Kober R. 2003. Efficient use of prohexadione- Ca in pome fruits. European Journal of Horticultural Science 68: 101-107.Search in Google Scholar

Robinson T.L. 2003. Apple-orchard planting systems. In: Ferree D.C., Warrington I.J. (Eds.), Apples: Botany, Production and Uses. CABI Publishing, Cambridge, pp. 345-407. DOI: 10.1079/9780851995922.0345.10.1079/9780851995922.0345Search in Google Scholar

Solar A., Jakopič J., Veberič R., Štampar F. 2008. Prohexadione- Ca affects vegetative growth of the rejuvenated shoots in walnut trees. HortScience 43: 558-561.10.21273/HORTSCI.43.2.558Search in Google Scholar

Treharne K.J., Quinlan J.D., Knight J.N., Ward D.A. 1985. Hormonal regulation of fruit development in apple: ‘A mini-review’. Plant Growth Regulation 3: 125-132. DOI: 10.1007/BF01806052.10.1007/BF01806052Search in Google Scholar

Tromp J. 2005. Flower-bud formation. In: Tromp J., Webster A.D., Wertheim S.J. (Eds.), Fundamentals of Temperate Zone Tree Fruit Production. Backhuys Publishers BV, Leiden, The Netherlands, pp. 204-215.Search in Google Scholar

TSI 2013. Turkish Statistical Institute. http://www.turkstat.gov.tr/Start.do (accessed November 10th, 2013)Search in Google Scholar

Unrath C.R. 1999. Prohexadione-Ca: a promising chemical for controlling vegetative growth of apples. HortScience 34: 1197-1200.10.21273/HORTSCI.34.7.1197Search in Google Scholar

Wertheim S.J., Webster A.D. 2005. Manipulation of growth and development by plant bioregulators. In: Tromp J., Webster A.D., Wertheim S.J. (Eds.), Fundamentals of Temperate Zone Tree Fruit Production. Backhuys Publishers BV, Leiden, The Netherlands, pp. 267-294.Search in Google Scholar

Westwood M.N. 1995. Temperate Zone Pomology: Physiology and Culture. Timber Press, Oregon, 523 p.Search in Google Scholar