Charting orthographical reliability in a corpus of English historical letters

The Bluestocking Corpus: Private Correspondence of Elizabeth Montagu, 1730s–1780s. First version. Edited by Anni Sairio, XML encoding by Ville Marttila. Department of Modern Languages, University of Helsinki. 2017. bluestocking.ling.helsinki.fi.Search in Google Scholar

Boyer, Paul and Stephen Nissenbaum. 1977. The Salem witchcraft papers: Verbatim transcripts of the legal documents of Salem witchcraft outbreak of 1692. 3 vols. New York: Da Capo Press.Search in Google Scholar

Early Modern Letters Online (EMLO). Cultures of Knowledge, Bodleian Libraries, University of Oxford. emlo.bodleian.ox.ac.uk.Search in Google Scholar

Electronic Enlightenment. Oxford: Bodleian Libraries, University of Oxford. www.e-enlightenment.com.Search in Google Scholar

An Electronic Text Edition of Depositions 1560–1760 (ETED). 2011. Compiled by Merja Kytö, Peter J. Grund and Terry Walker. Available on the CD accompanying Merja Kytö, Peter J. Grund and Terry Walker (eds.), Testifying to language and life in Early Modern England. Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins.Search in Google Scholar

Fulk, Robert D. 2017. Philological coda. Noise: An appreciation. English Language and Linguistics 21 (2): 431–438.10.1017/S1360674317000247Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

Graham, Walter (ed.). 1941. The letters of Joseph Addison. Oxford: Clarendon Press.Search in Google Scholar

Grund, Peter, Merja Kytö and Matti Rissanen. 2004. Editing the Salem Witchcraft records: An exploration of a linguistic treasury. American Speech 79 (2): 146–166.10.1215/00031283-79-2-146Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

Kaislaniemi, Samuli. 2017. Reconstructing merchant multilingualism: Lexical studies of early English East India Company correspondence. PhD thesis, University of Helsinki.Search in Google Scholar

Kaislaniemi, Samuli, Mel Evans, Teo Juvonen and Anni Sairio. 2017. ‘A graphic system which leads its own linguistic life’? Epistolary spelling in English, 1400–1800. In T. Säily, A. Nurmi, M. Palander-Collin and A. Auer (eds.). Exploring future paths for historical sociolinguistics (Advances in Historical Sociolinguistics 7), 187–214. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.10.1075/ahs.7.08kaiSearch in Google Scholar

Keränen, Jukka. 1998. Forgeries and one-eyed bulls: Editorial questions in corpus work. Neuphilologische Mitteilungen 99 (2): 217–226.Search in Google Scholar

Nevala, Minna and Arja Nurmi. 2013. The Corpora of Early English Correspondence (CEEC400). In A. Meurman-Solin and J. Tyrkkö (eds.). Principles and practices for the digital editing and annotation of diachronic data (Studies in Variation, Contacts and Change in English 14). Helsinki: VARIENG. www.helsinki.fi/varieng/series/volumes/14/nevala_nurmi/.Search in Google Scholar

Nevalainen, Terttu and Helena Raumolin-Brunberg. 2016. Historical sociolinguistics: Language change in Tudor and Stuart England. 2nd ed. New York: Routledge.10.4324/9781315475172Search in Google Scholar

Nevalainen, Terttu. 1999. Making the best use of ‘bad’ data: Evidence for sociolinguistic variation in Early Modern English. Neuphilologische Mitteilungen 100 (4): 499–533.Search in Google Scholar

Nurmi, Arja (ed.). 1998. Manual for the Corpus of Early English Correspondence Sampler CEECS. Helsinki: Department of English, University of Helsinki. Available at clu.uni.no/icame/manuals/CEECS/INDEX.HTM.Search in Google Scholar

Oldireva Gustafsson, Larisa. 2002. Preterite and past participle forms in English 1680–1790: Standardisation processes in public and private writing. Uppsala: Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis.Search in Google Scholar

Osselton, Noel. 1984. Informal spelling styles in Early Modern English: 1500–1800. In N.F. Blake and C. Jones (eds.). English historical linguistics. Studies in development, 123–137. Sheffield: Department of English Language, University of Sheffield.Search in Google Scholar

Raumolin-Brunberg, Helena and Terttu Nevalainen. 2007. Historical sociolinguistics: The Corpus of Early English Correspondence. In J.C. Beal, K.P. Corrigan and H.L. Moisl (eds.). Creating and digitizing language corpora. Vol. 2: Diachronic databases, 148–171. Houndsmills: Palgrave Macmillan. Pre-print available at www.helsinki.fi/varieng/CoRD/corpora/CEEC/generalintro.html.10.1057/9780230223202_7Search in Google Scholar

Salmon, Vivian. 1999. Orthography and punctuation 1476–1776. In R. Lass (ed.). The Cambridge history of the English language. Volume III: 1476–1776, 13–55. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.10.1017/CHOL9780521264761.003Search in Google Scholar

Scragg, Donald G. 1974. A history of English spelling. Manchester: Manchester University Press.Search in Google Scholar

Sönmez, Margaret J.-M. 1993. English spelling in the seventeenth century: A study of the nature of standardisation as seen through the MS and printed versions of the Duke of Newcastle’s A New Method. PhD Thesis, University of Durham.Search in Google Scholar

Walker, Terry and Merja Kytö. 2013. Features of layout and other visual effects in the source manuscripts of An Electronic Text Edition of Depositions 1560–1760 (ETED). In A. Meurman-Solin and J. Tyrkkö (eds.). Principles and practices for the digital editing and annotation of diachronic data (Studies in Variation, Contacts and Change in English 14). Helsinki: VARIENG. www.helsinki.fi/varieng/series/volumes/14/walker_kyto/Search in Google Scholar