Open Access

High-resolution OSL dating of a coastal sediment sequence from the South Yellow Sea


Cite

Arnold LJ, Roberts RG, Galbraith RF and DeLong SB, 2009. A revised burial dose estimation procedure for optical dating of young and modern-age sediments. Quaternary Geochronology 4: 306–325, 10.1016/j.quageo.2009.02.017.ArnoldLJ,RobertsRG,GalbraithRFDeLongSB,2009A revised burial dose estimation procedure for optical dating of young and modern-age sedimentsQuaternary Geochronology430632510.1016/j.quageo.2009.02.017Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

Chen Z, Saito Y, Kanai Y, Wei T, Li L, Yao H and Wang Z, 2004. Low concentration of heavy metals in the Yangtze estuarine sediments, China: a diluting setting. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 60: 91–100, 10.1016/j.ecss.2003.11.021.ChenZ,SaitoY,KanaiY,WeiT,LiL,YaoHWangZ,2004Low concentration of heavy metals in the Yangtze estuarine sediments, China: a diluting settingEstuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science609110010.1016/j.ecss.2003.11.021Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

Delta Research Group, Department of Marine Geology, Tongji University, 1978. Holocene formation and development of the Yangtze Delta. Chinese Science Bulletin 35: 310–313 (in chinese).Delta Research Group, Department of Marine Geology, Tongji University1978Holocene formation and development of the Yangtze DeltaChinese Science Bulletin35310313in chineseSearch in Google Scholar

Dietze M, Kreutzer S, Fuchs MC, Burow C, Fischer M and Schmidt C, 2013. A practical guide to the R package Luminescence. Ancient TL 31: 11–18.DietzeM,KreutzerS,FuchsMC,BurowC,FischerMSchmidtC,2013A practical guide to the R package LuminescenceAncient TL311118Search in Google Scholar

Duller GAT, 2003. Distinguishing quartz and feldspar in single grain luminescence measurements. Radiation Measurements 37: 161– 165, 10.1016/S1350-4487(02) 00170-1.DullerGAT,2003Distinguishing quartz and feldspar in single grain luminescence measurementsRadiation Measurements3716116510.1016/S1350-4487(02) 00170-1Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

Fairbanks RG, 1989. A 17,000-Year Glacio-Eustatic Sea Level Record: Influence of Glacial Melting Rates on the Younger Dryas Event and Deep-Ocean Circulation. Nature 342: 637–642, 10.1038/342637a0.FairbanksRG,1989A 17,000-Year Glacio-Eustatic Sea Level Record: Influence of Glacial Melting Rates on the Younger Dryas Event and Deep-Ocean CirculationNature34263764210.1038/342637a0Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

Galbraith RF, Roberts RG, Laslett G, Yoshida H and Olley JM, 1999. Optical dating of single and multiple grains of quartz from jinmium rock shelter, northern Australia: Part I, experimental design and statistical models. Archaeometry 41:339–364, 10.1111/j.1475-4754.1999.tb00988.x.GalbraithRF,RobertsRG,LaslettG,YoshidaHOlleyJM,1999Optical dating of single and multiple grains of quartz from jinmium rock shelter, northern Australia: Part I, experimental design and statistical modelsArchaeometry4133936410.1111/j.1475-4754.1999.tb00988.xOpen DOISearch in Google Scholar

Gao S, 2013. Holocene shelf-coastal sedimentary systems associated with the Changjiang River: An overview. Acta Oceanol. Sin. 32: 4–12, 10.1007/s13131-013-0390-5.GaoS,2013Holocene shelf-coastal sedimentary systems associated with the Changjiang River: An overviewActa Oceanol. Sin3241210.1007/s13131-013-0390-5Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

Gao S and Collins MB, 2014. Holocene sedimentary systems on continental shelves. Marine Geology 352: 268–294, 10.1016/j.margeo.2014.03.021.GaoSCollinsMB,2014Holocene sedimentary systems on continental shelvesMarine Geology35226829410.1016/j.margeo.2014.03.021Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

Hori K and Saito Y, 2007. An early Holocene sea-level jump and delta initiation. Geophysical Research Letters 34: 266–278, 10.1029/2007gl031029.HoriKSaitoY,2007An early Holocene sea-level jump and delta initiationGeophysical Research Letters3426627810.1029/2007gl031029Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

Hori K, Saito Y, Zhao Q, Cheng X, Wang P, Sato Y and Li C, 2001. Sedimentary facies of the tide-dominated paleo-Changjiang (Yangtze) estuary during the last transgression. Marine Geology 177: 331–351, 10.1016/S0025-3227(01)00165-7.HoriK,SaitoY,ZhaoQ,ChengX,WangP,SatoYLiC,2001Sedimentary facies of the tide-dominated paleo-Changjiang (Yangtze) estuary during the last transgressionMarine Geology17733135110.1016/S0025-3227(01)00165-7Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

Hori K, Saito Y, Zhao Q and P W, 2002. Control of incised-valley fill stacking patterns by accelerated and decelerated sea-level rise: the Changjiang example during the last deglaciation. Geo-Marine Letters 22: 127–132, 10.1007/s00367-002-0105-y.HoriK,SaitoY,ZhaoQPW,2002Control of incised-valley fill stacking patterns by accelerated and decelerated sea-level rise: the Changjiang example during the last deglaciationGeo-Marine Letters2212713210.1007/s00367-002-0105-yOpen DOISearch in Google Scholar

Jacobs Z, 2008. Luminescence chronologies for coastal and marine sediments. Boreas 37: 508–535, 10.1111/j.1502-3885.2008.00054.x.JacobsZ,2008Luminescence chronologies for coastal and marine sedimentsBoreas3750853510.1111/j.1502-3885.2008.00054.xOpen DOISearch in Google Scholar

Kim JC, Chang TS, Yi S, Hong SS and Nahm W-H, 2014. OSL dating of coastal sediments from the southwestern Korean Peninsula: A comparison of different size fractions of quartz. Quaternary International 384: 82–90, 10.1016/j.quaint.2014.09.001.KimJC,ChangTS,YiS,HongSSNahmW-H,2014OSL dating of coastal sediments from the southwestern Korean Peninsula: A comparison of different size fractions of quartzQuaternary International384829010.1016/j.quaint.2014.09.001Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

Kim JC, Cheong D, Shin S, Park Y-H and Hong SS, 2015. OSL chronology and accumulation rate of the Nakdong deltaic sediments, southeastern Korean Peninsula. Quaternary Geochronology 30: 245–250, 10.1016/j.quageo.2015.01.006.KimJC,CheongD,ShinS,ParkY-HHongSS,2015OSL chronology and accumulation rate of the Nakdong deltaic sediments, southeastern Korean PeninsulaQuaternary Geochronology3024525010.1016/j.quageo.2015.01.006Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

Kreutzer S, Schmidt C, Fuchs MC, Dietze M, Fischer M and Fuchs M, 2012. Introducing an R package for luminescence dating analysis. Ancient TL 30: 1–8.KreutzerS,SchmidtC,FuchsMC,DietzeM,FischerMFuchsM,2012Introducing an R package for luminescence dating analysisAncient TL3018Search in Google Scholar

Lambeck K and Chappell J, 2001. Sea Level Change Through the last Glacial Cycle. Science 292: 679–686, 10.1126/science.1059549.LambeckKChappellJ,2001Sea Level Change Through the last Glacial CycleScience29267968610.1126/science.1059549Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

Li B, Li C and Shen H, 2003. A preliminary study on sediment flux in the Changjiang Delta during the postglacial period. Science in China Series D: Earth Sciences 46: 743–752, 10.1360/03yd9065.LiB,LiCShenH,2003A preliminary study on sediment flux in the Changjiang Delta during the postglacial periodScience in China Series D: Earth Sciences4674375210.1360/03yd9065Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

Li C, Chen Q, Zhang J, Yang S and Fan D, 2000. Stratigraphy and paleoenvironmental changes in the Yangtze Delta during the Late Quaternary. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences 18: 453–469, 10.1016/S1367-9120(99)00078-4.LiC,ChenQ,ZhangJ,YangSFanD,2000Stratigraphy and paleoenvironmental changes in the Yangtze Delta during the Late QuaternaryJournal of Asian Earth Sciences1845346910.1016/S1367-9120(99)00078-4Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

Li C and Li P, 1983. The characteristics and distribution of Holocene sand bodies in the Changjiang delta area. Acta Oceanol. Sin. 2: 54–66.LiCLiP,1983The characteristics and distribution of Holocene sand bodies in the Changjiang delta areaActa Oceanol. Sin25466Search in Google Scholar

Li C, Wang P, Sun H, Zhang J, Fan D and Deng B, 2002. Late Quaternary incised-valley fill of the Yangtze delta (China): its strati-graphic framework and evolution. Sedimentary Geology 152: 133– 158, 10.1016/S0037-0738(02)00066-0.LiC,WangP,SunH,ZhangJ,FanDDengB,2002Late Quaternary incised-valley fill of the Yangtze delta (China): its strati-graphic framework and evolutionSedimentary Geology15213315810.1016/S0037-0738(02)00066-0Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

Li G, Li P, Liu Y, Qiao L, Ma Y, Xu J and Yang Z, 2014. Sedimentary system response to the global sea level change in the East China Seas since the last glacial maximum. Earth-Science Reviews 139: 390–405, 10.1016/j.earscirev.2014.09.007.LiG,LiP,LiuY,QiaoL,MaY,XuJYangZ,2014Sedimentary system response to the global sea level change in the East China Seas since the last glacial maximumEarth-Science Reviews13939040510.1016/j.earscirev.2014.09.007Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

Liu J, Saito Y, Kong X, Wang H, Wen C, Yang Z and Nakashima R, 2010. Delta development and channel incision during marine isotope stages 3 and 2 in the western South Yellow Sea. Marine Geology 278: 54–76, 10.1016/j.margeo.2010.09.003.LiuJ,SaitoY,KongX,WangH,WenC,YangZNakashimaR,2010Delta development and channel incision during marine isotope stages 3 and 2 in the western South Yellow SeaMarine Geology278547610.1016/j.margeo.2010.09.003Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

Liu JP, Milliman JD, Gao S and Cheng P, 2004. Holocene development of the Yellow River’s subaqueous delta, North Yellow Sea. Marine Geology 209: 45–67, 10.1016/j.margeo.2004.06.009.LiuJP,MillimanJD,GaoSChengP,2004Holocene development of the Yellow River’s subaqueous delta, North Yellow SeaMarine Geology209456710.1016/j.margeo.2004.06.009Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

Long H, Haberzettl T, Tsukamoto S, Shen J, Kasper T, Daut G, Zhu L, Mäusbacher R and Frechen M, 2015a. Luminescence dating of lacustrine sediments from Tangra Yumco (southern Tibetan Plateau) using post-IR IRSL signals from polymineral grains. Boreas 44: 139–152, 10.1111/bor.12096.LongH,HaberzettlT,TsukamotoS,ShenJ,KasperT,DautG,ZhuL,MäusbacherRFrechenM,2015aLuminescence dating of lacustrine sediments from Tangra Yumco (southern Tibetan Plateau) using post-IR IRSL signals from polymineral grainsBoreas4413915210.1111/bor.12096Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

Long H, Shen J, Wang Y, Gao L and Frechen M, 2015b. Highresolution OSL dating of a late Quaternary sequence from Xingkai Lake (NE Asia): Chronological challenge of the “MIS 3a Megapaleolake” hypothesis in China. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 428: 281–292, 10.1016/j.epsl.2015.07.003.LongH,ShenJ,WangY,GaoLFrechenM,2015bHighresolution OSL dating of a late Quaternary sequence from Xingkai Lake (NE Asia): Chronological challenge of the “MIS 3a Megapaleolake” hypothesis in ChinaEarth and Planetary Science Letters42828129210.1016/j.epsl.2015.07.003Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

Milliman JD, Huang-ting S, Zuo-sheng Y and H. Mead R, 1985. Transport and deposition of river sediment in the Changjiang estuary and adjacent continental shelf. Continental Shelf Research 4: 37–45, 10.1016/0278-4343(85)90020-2.MillimanJD,Huang-tingS,Zuo-shengYH. MeadR,1985Transport and deposition of river sediment in the Changjiang estuary and adjacent continental shelfContinental Shelf Research4374510.1016/0278-4343(85)90020-2Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

Murray AS, Thomsen KJ, Masuda N, Buylaert JP and Jain M, 2012. Identifying well-bleached quartz using the different bleaching rates of quartz and feldspar luminescence signals. Radiation Measurements 47: 688–695, 10.1016/j.radmeas.2012.05.006.MurrayAS,ThomsenKJ,MasudaN,BuylaertJPJainM,2012Identifying well-bleached quartz using the different bleaching rates of quartz and feldspar luminescence signalsRadiation Measurements4768869510.1016/j.radmeas.2012.05.006Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

Murray AS and Wintle AG, 2000. Luminescence dating of quartz using an improved single-aliquot regenerative-dose protocol. Radiation Measurements 32: 57–73, 10.1016/S1350-4487(99)00253-X.MurrayASWintleAG,2000Luminescence dating of quartz using an improved single-aliquot regenerative-dose protocolRadiation Measurements32577310.1016/S1350-4487(99)00253-XOpen DOISearch in Google Scholar

Olley JM, Murray A and Roberts RG, 1996. The effects of disequilibria in the uranium and thorium decay chains on burial dose rates in fluvial sediments. Quaternary Science Reviews 15: 751–760, 10.1016/0277-3791(96)00026-1.OlleyJM,MurrayARobertsRG,1996The effects of disequilibria in the uranium and thorium decay chains on burial dose rates in fluvial sedimentsQuaternary Science Reviews1575176010.1016/0277-3791(96)00026-1Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

Orton G and Reading H, 1993. Variability of deltaic processes in terms of sediment supply, with particular emphasis on grain size. Sedimentology 40: 475–512, 10.1111/j.1365-3091.1993.tb01347.x.OrtonGReadingH,1993Variability of deltaic processes in terms of sediment supply, with particular emphasis on grain sizeSedimentology4047551210.1111/j.1365-3091.1993.tb01347.xOpen DOISearch in Google Scholar

Prescott JR and Hutton JT, 1994. Cosmic ray contributions to dose rates for luminescence and ESR dating: Large depths and long-term time variations. Radiation Measurements 23: 497–500, 10.1016/1350-4487(94)90086-8.PrescottJRHuttonJT,1994Cosmic ray contributions to dose rates for luminescence and ESR dating: Large depths and long-term time variationsRadiation Measurements2349750010.1016/1350-4487(94)90086-8Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

Song B, Li Z, Saito Y, Okuno Ji, Li Z, Lu A, Hua D, Li J, Li Y and Nakashima R, 2013. Initiation of the Changjiang (Yangtze) delta and its response to the mid-Holocene sea level change. Palaeogography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 388: 81–97, 10.1016/j.palaeo.2013.07.026.SongB,LiZ,SaitoY,OkunoJi,LiZ,LuA,HuaD,LiJ,LiYNakashimaR,2013Initiation of the Changjiang (Yangtze) delta and its response to the mid-Holocene sea level changePalaeogography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology388819710.1016/j.palaeo.2013.07.026Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

Stanley DJ and Chen Z, 1993. Yangtze delta, eastern China: 1. Geometry and subsidence of Holocene depocenter. Marine Geology 112: 1–11, 10.1016/0025-3227(93)90157-Q.StanleyDJChenZ,1993Yangtze delta, eastern China: 1. Geometry and subsidence of Holocene depocenterMarine Geology11211110.1016/0025-3227(93)90157-QOpen DOISearch in Google Scholar

Sugisaki S, Buylaert J-P, Murray AS, Tsukamoto S, Nogi Y, Miura H, Sakai S, Iijima K and Sakamoto T, 2010. High resolution OSL dating back to MIS 5e in the central Sea of Okhotsk. Quaternary Geochronology 5: 293–298, 10.1016/j.quageo.2009.01.008.SugisakiS,BuylaertJ-P,MurrayAS,TsukamotoS,NogiY,MiuraH,SakaiS,IijimaKSakamotoT,2010High resolution OSL dating back to MIS 5e in the central Sea of OkhotskQuaternary Geochronology529329810.1016/j.quageo.2009.01.008Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

Sugisaki S, Buylaert J-P, Murray AS, Harada N, Kimoto K, Okazaki Y, Sakamoto T, Iijima K, Tsukamoto S, Miura H and Nogi Y, 2012. High resolution optically stimulated luminescence dating of a sediment core from the southwestern Sea of Okhotsk. Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems 13: 1–20, 10.1029/2011gc004029.SugisakiS,BuylaertJ-P,MurrayAS,HaradaN,KimotoK,OkazakiY,SakamotoT,IijimaK,TsukamotoS,MiuraHNogiY,2012High resolution optically stimulated luminescence dating of a sediment core from the southwestern Sea of OkhotskGeochemistry Geophysics Geosystems1312010.1029/2011gc004029Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

Sugisaki S, Buylaert J-P, Murray AS, Tada R, Zheng H, Ke W, Saito K, Chao L, Li S and Irino T, 2015. OSL dating of fine-grained quartz from Holocene Yangtze delta sediments. Quaternary Geochronology 30: 226–232, 10.1016/j.quageo.2015.02.021.SugisakiS,BuylaertJ-P,MurrayAS,TadaR,ZhengH,KeW,SaitoK,ChaoL,LiSIrinoT,2015OSL dating of fine-grained quartz from Holocene Yangtze delta sedimentsQuaternary Geochronology3022623210.1016/j.quageo.2015.02.021Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

Tamura T, Saito Y, Nguyen VL, Ta TKO, Bateman MD, Matsumoto D and Yamashita S, 2012. Origin and evolution of interdistributary delta plains; insights from Mekong River delta. Geology 40: 303– 306, 10.1130/g32717.1.TamuraT,SaitoY,NguyenVL,TaTKO,BatemanMD,MatsumotoDYamashitaS,2012Origin and evolution of interdistributary delta plains; insights from Mekong River deltaGeology4030330610.1130/g32717.1Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

Thomsen KJ, Murray AS and Jain M, 2012. The dose dependency of the over-dispersion of quartz OSL single grain dose distributions. Radiation Measurements 47: 732–739, 10.1016/j.radmeas.2012.02.015.ThomsenKJ,MurrayASJainM,2012The dose dependency of the over-dispersion of quartz OSL single grain dose distributionsRadiation Measurements4773273910.1016/j.radmeas.2012.02.015Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

Thomsen KJ, Murray AS and Bøtter-Jensen L, 2005. Sources of variability in OSL dose measurements using single grains of quartz. Radiation Measurements 39: 47–61, 10.1016/j.radmeas.2004.01.039.ThomsenKJ,MurrayASBøtter-JensenL,2005Sources of variability in OSL dose measurements using single grains of quartzRadiation Measurements39476110.1016/j.radmeas.2004.01.039Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

Wang Y, Long H, Yi L, Yang L, Ye X and Shen J, 2015. OSL chronology of a sedimentary sequence from the inner-shelf of the East China Sea and its implication on post-glacial deposition history. Quaternary Geochronology 30: 282–287, 10.1016/j.quageo.2015.06.005.WangY,LongH,YiL,YangL,YeXShenJ,2015OSL chronology of a sedimentary sequence from the inner-shelf of the East China Sea and its implication on post-glacial deposition historyQuaternary Geochronology3028228710.1016/j.quageo.2015.06.005Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

Wang Z, Zhan Q, Long H, Saito Y, Gao X, Wu X, Li LIN and Zhao Y, 2013. Early to mid-Holocene rapid sea-level rise and coastal response on the southern Yangtze delta plain, China. Journal of Quaternary Science 28: 659–672, 10.1002/jqs.2662.WangZ,ZhanQ,LongH,SaitoY,GaoX,WuX,LiLINZhaoY,2013Early to mid-Holocene rapid sea-level rise and coastal response on the southern Yangtze delta plain, ChinaJournal of Quaternary Science2865967210.1002/jqs.2662Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

Xu J, 2008. Response of land accretion of the Yellow River delta to global climate change and human activity. Quaternary International 186: 4–11, 10.1016/j.quaint.2007.08.032.XuJ,2008Response of land accretion of the Yellow River delta to global climate change and human activityQuaternary International18641110.1016/j.quaint.2007.08.032Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

Xu T, Shi X, Wang G, Qiao S, Yang G, Liu S, Wang X and Zhao Q, 2013. Sedimentary facies of the subaqueous Changjiang River delta since the late Pleistocene. Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 31: 1107–1119, 10.1007/s00343-013-2281-1.XuT,ShiX,WangG,QiaoS,YangG,LiuS,WangXZhaoQ,2013Sedimentary facies of the subaqueous Changjiang River delta since the late PleistoceneChinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology311107111910.1007/s00343-013-2281-1Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

Xu T, Wang G, Shi X, Wang X, Yao Z, Yang G, Fang X, Qiao S, Liu S, Wang X and Zhao Q, 2016. Sequence stratigraphy of the subaqueous Changjiang (Yangtze River) delta since the Last Glacial Maximum. Sedimentary Geology 331: 132–147, 10.1016/j.sedgeo.2015.10.014.XuT,WangG,ShiX,WangX,YaoZ,YangG,FangX,QiaoS,LiuS,WangXZhaoQ,2016Sequence stratigraphy of the subaqueous Changjiang (Yangtze River) delta since the Last Glacial MaximumSedimentary Geology33113214710.1016/j.sedgeo.2015.10.014Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

Yi S, Saito Y, Zhao Q and Wang P, 2003. Vegetation and climate changes in the Changjiang (Yangtze River) Delta, China, during the past 13,000 years inferred from pollen records. Quaternary Science Reviews 22: 1501–1519, 10.1016/s0277-3791(03)00080-5.YiS,SaitoY,ZhaoQWangP,2003Vegetation and climate changes in the Changjiang (Yangtze River) Delta, China, during the past 13,000 years inferred from pollen recordsQuaternary Science Reviews221501151910.1016/s0277-3791(03)00080-5Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

Zhang J, Tsukamoto S, Grube A and Frechen M, 2014. OSL and 14C chronologies of a Holocene sedimentary record (Garding-2 core) from the German North Sea coast. Boreas 43: 856–868, 10.1111/bor.12071.ZhangJ,TsukamotoS,GrubeAFrechenM,2014OSL and 14C chronologies of a Holocene sedimentary record (Garding-2 core) from the German North Sea coastBoreas4385686810.1111/bor.12071Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

Zhao B, Wang Z, Chen J and Chen Z, 2008. Marine sediment records and relative sea level change during late Pleistocene in the Changjiang delta area and adjacent continental shelf. Quaternary International 186: 164–172, 10.1016/j.quaint.2007.08.006.ZhaoB,WangZ,ChenJChenZ,2008Marine sediment records and relative sea level change during late Pleistocene in the Changjiang delta area and adjacent continental shelfQuaternary International18616417210.1016/j.quaint.2007.08.006Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

Zhu C, Zheng C, Ma C, Yang X, Gao X, Wang H, Shao J, 2003. On the Holocene sea-level highstand along the Yangtze Delta and Ningshao Plain, East China. Chinese Science Bulletin 48: 2672–2683, 10.1007/BF02901755.ZhuC,ZhengC,MaC,YangX,GaoX,WangH,ShaoJ,2003On the Holocene sea-level highstand along the Yangtze Delta and Ningshao Plain, East ChinaChinese Science Bulletin482672268310.1007/BF02901755Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

eISSN:
1897-1695
Language:
English
Publication timeframe:
Volume Open
Journal Subjects:
Geosciences, other