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Dendrochronological and radiocarbon analyses of subfossil oaks from the foothills of the Romanian Carpathians

Zoltán Kern
Zoltán Kern
 and 
Ionel Popa
Ionel Popa
   | Nov 13, 2016
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Article Category: Research Article
Published Online: Nov 13, 2016
Page range: 113 - 120
Received: Apr 25, 2016
Accepted: Jul 27, 2016
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/geochr-2015-0038
Keywords
© 2016 Z. Kern and I. Popa
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Location of the collection points (Milisauti, Todiresti, Itcani, Udesti, and Roscani) of fossil trunks along the Suceava river. The rectangle in the inset map shows the location of the enlarged region in Romania. The photos show typical samples: a freshly exposed embedded trunk at the Todiresti site (top) and a sawn section from Udesti (bottom).
Location of the collection points (Milisauti, Todiresti, Itcani, Udesti, and Roscani) of fossil trunks along the Suceava river. The rectangle in the inset map shows the location of the enlarged region in Romania. The photos show typical samples: a freshly exposed embedded trunk at the Todiresti site (top) and a sawn section from Udesti (bottom).

Age distribution histogram of subfossil oaks and elms from the Suceava river. Pie charts show the species composition at the five collection sites.
Age distribution histogram of subfossil oaks and elms from the Suceava river. Pie charts show the species composition at the five collection sites.

Synchronized tree-ring width series of subfossil oaks collected along the Suceava river. A: Milisauti, B: Roscani, C: Milisauti & Itcani, while the series in D and E were obtained from Itcani. Basic synchronization statistics are shown in inset tables. The lengths of the series are given with a gray background along the diagonal, whereas percentage of agreement (GLK%, Eckstein and Bauch, 1969) and tBP (Baille and Pilcher, 1973) are shown above and below the diagonal, respectively.
Synchronized tree-ring width series of subfossil oaks collected along the Suceava river. A: Milisauti, B: Roscani, C: Milisauti & Itcani, while the series in D and E were obtained from Itcani. Basic synchronization statistics are shown in inset tables. The lengths of the series are given with a gray background along the diagonal, whereas percentage of agreement (GLK%, Eckstein and Bauch, 1969) and tBP (Baille and Pilcher, 1973) are shown above and below the diagonal, respectively.

Temporal distribution of subfossil radiocarbon dated oak megafossils from three rivers from the Eastern Carpathian foothills. The thick gray bars represent the temporal coverage of the three radiocarbon dated floating chronologies and the single SV191 sample from the Suceava river. The chronologies were linked to the median value of the calibrated age range (this study). The thin bars represent the 2σ calibrated ranges of subfossil oak samples from Siret (black) and Moldova (gray) rivers (Data from Rădoane et al., 2015). Coinciding deposition events are marked by the shaded vertical stripes. The thick black bars (bottom right) show the temporal coverage of the two longest oak master chronologies available from Romania (Eggertsson and Baboş, 2003; Botár et al, 2008).
Temporal distribution of subfossil radiocarbon dated oak megafossils from three rivers from the Eastern Carpathian foothills. The thick gray bars represent the temporal coverage of the three radiocarbon dated floating chronologies and the single SV191 sample from the Suceava river. The chronologies were linked to the median value of the calibrated age range (this study). The thin bars represent the 2σ calibrated ranges of subfossil oak samples from Siret (black) and Moldova (gray) rivers (Data from Rădoane et al., 2015). Coinciding deposition events are marked by the shaded vertical stripes. The thick black bars (bottom right) show the temporal coverage of the two longest oak master chronologies available from Romania (Eggertsson and Baboş, 2003; Botár et al, 2008).

Sample description with conventional and calibrated ages of wood samples taken from subfossil oak samples from Suceava river gravel terraces. Unmodelled age range shows the simple calibration, while the modelled represents wiggle-matching estimates. A: individual agreement percent of the OxCal wiggle-match model (in case of a single calibration it is not applicable).

Sample coden

number of tree-rings counted in the block of sample used for radiocarbon analysis

lab code

individual laboratory code of the Debrecen radiocarbon lab. ‘Deb-‘ stands for samples measured with gas proportional counting and ‘DeA- for AMS (Molnar et al, 2012)

δ13CPDB

AMS measured 513C accounts for the mixed effect of natural and case-sensitive machine fractionation; these data are not therefore shown in the table to avoid confusion

 [± 0.2 ‰]		14C age BPunmodelled cal BP (95.4%)modelled cal BP (95.4%)A(%)
fromtofromto
SV1185Deb-13202–24.15370 ± 50629060006300(92.9%)6100105.2
9090(2.5%)6060
SV13313Deb-13206–23.45490 ± 706450(92.8%)601706020(92.9%)605074.6
6150(2.1%)61106040(2.5%)6010
6040(0.5%)6020
SV41/13DeA-4833986 ± 17940(72.7%)900940900109
870(22.7%)800
SV41/22DeA-4470969 ± 20940(40.7%)89088084064.5
870(54.7%)790
SV1592DeA-44712260 ± 232350(44.9%)2300not applicable
2250(50.5%)2150
SV1912DeA-45313390 ± 343810(0.2%)3800not applicable
3720(95.2%)3560
eISSN:
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Language:
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