<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><sec id="j_fon-2018-0043_s_006_w2aab3b7c10b1b6b1aab1c18b1Aa"><h3>Objective</h3><p>The aim of this study was to assess the management of early mobilization (EM) in Chinese intensive care units (ICUs).</p></sec><sec id="j_fon-2018-0043_s_007_w2aab3b7c10b1b6b1aab1c18b2Aa"><h3>Methods</h3><p>This survey used a cross-sectional, observational design. A total of 65 tertiary and secondary hospitals were enrolled by convenience sampling and investigated using self-designed questionnaires.</p></sec><sec id="j_fon-2018-0043_s_008_w2aab3b7c10b1b6b1aab1c18b3Aa"><h3>Results</h3><p>We identified 69 ICUs in Jiangsu, China (response rate: 94.2%). 74.2% (1,004/1,353) of the nurses and nursing managers from 65 ICUs reported mobility practice. For the mobility level, 98.1% (1,327) reported use of in-bed exercise, 5.7% (77) sitting on a side of bed, 21.7% (294) transfer to chair, and 2.4% (33) walking. The most frequently reported barriers to early mobility were unplanned extubation, nursing resource, and absence of physical therapist. Nurses’ educational backgrounds, nursing experience, the lack of nursing resources, absence of physician, and the weakness of patient were the factors that influenced ICU early rehabilitation (<italic>P</italic>&lt;0.01).</p></sec><sec id="j_fon-2018-0043_s_009_w2aab3b7c10b1b6b1aab1c18b4Aa"><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Although implementation rates for EM in critically ill patients are high, the activity level is generally poor in most of the involved ICUs.</p></sec></abstract>

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to assess the management of early mobilization (EM) in Chinese intensive care units (ICUs).MethodsThis survey used a cross-sectional, observational design. A total of 65 tertiary and secondary hospitals were enrolled by convenience sampling and investigated using self-designed questionnaires.ResultsWe identified 69 ICUs in Jiangsu, China (response rate: 94.2%). 74.2% (1,004/1,353) of the nurses and nursing managers from 65 ICUs reported mobility practice. For the mobility level, 98.1% (1,327) reported use of in-bed exercise, 5.7% (77) sitting on a side of bed, 21.7% (294) transfer to chair, and 2.4% (33) walking. The most frequently reported barriers to early mobility were unplanned extubation, nursing resource, and absence of physical therapist. Nurses’ educational backgrounds, nursing experience, the lack of nursing resources, absence of physician, and the weakness of patient were the factors that influenced ICU early rehabilitation (P<0.01).ConclusionsAlthough implementation rates for EM in critically ill patients are high, the activity level is generally poor in most of the involved ICUs.

Management of early mobilization in intensive care units: a multicenter cross-sectional study

Frontiers of Nursing

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to assess the management of early mobilization (EM) in Chinese intensive care units (ICUs).MethodsThis survey used a...

Variables	Adjusted odds ratio (95% CI)	P
Nurses’ educational backgrounds	1.389 (1.058–1.823)	0.018
Nursing experience	0.914 (0.846–0.987)	0.022
Lack of nursing resources	2.321 (1.200–4.488)	0.012
Absence of physician	5.763 (1.113–29.854)	0.037
The weakness of patients	0.063 (0.015–0.264)	<0.001

Characteristics	No (%)	Implementation of early mobilization
		%	P
Hospital
University hospital	56 (85.0)	74.6	0.372
Non-university hospital	9 (15.0)	71.4
No of ICU beds
1–10	16 (24.6)	47.1
11–20	30 (46.2)	38.7	0.053
≥21	19 (29.2)	73.1
Bed-to-nurse ratio in ICU
1 bed: ≥3 nurses	2 (3.1)	50.0
1 bed: 2 nurses	27 (41.5)	55.6	0.861
≥1 bed: 1 nurse	36 (55.4)	48.6
Nurse age (years)
≤25	329 (24.3)	75.8
26–40	962 (71.1)	68.6	0.000
41–55	62 (4.6)	51.6
Nurse sex
Male	147 (10.9)	78.2	0.000
Female	1,206 (89.1)	72.1
Education
Technical secondary education	12 (0.9)	92.9
Community college Undergraduate	490 (36.2)	73.0	0.000
Undergraduate	840 (62.1)	67.4
Postgraduate	11 (0.8)	63.6
Nursing experience (years)
<5	669 (49.4)	69.7
5–10	438 (32.4)	73.5	0.000
11–20	191 (14.1)	54.7
>20	55 (4.1)	50.9
Critical attending experience (years)
<5	850 (62.8)	73.4
5–10	375 (27.7)	0.000
11–20	119 (8.8)	50.4
>20	9 (0.7)	55.6
Patient-specific treatments
NIPPV	1,353 (19.0)	98.9
Intubation	1,353 (19.0)	98.4
Tracheotomy	1,353 (19.0)	97.9	0.000
CRRT-jugular vein catheter	1,202 (16.9)	85.5
CRRT-femoral vein catheter	1,197 (16.8)	85.0
ECMO	653 (9.2)	52.0

Management of early mobilization in intensive care units: a multicenter cross-sectional study

Article Category: Original article

Published Online: Dec 31, 2018

Page range: 291 - 299

Received: Nov 16, 2017

Accepted: Feb 07, 2018

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/fon-2018-0043

Keywords
early mobilization, critical care, critically ill patients, management, clinical practice

© 2018 Yan-Ping Zhu et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Variables independently associated with early mobility implementation on logistic regression analysis in the study of Chinese intensive care units.

Baseline organizational characteristics and patient-specific treatments with the implementation of early mobilization in ICU.

Management of early mobilization in intensive care units: a multicenter cross-sectional study

Article Category: Original article

Published Online: Dec 31, 2018

Page range: 291 - 299

Received: Nov 16, 2017

Accepted: Feb 07, 2018

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/fon-2018-0043

Keywordsearly mobilization, critical care, critically ill patients, management, clinical practice

© 2018 Yan-Ping Zhu et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Variables independently associated with early mobility implementation on logistic regression analysis in the study of Chinese intensive care units.

Baseline organizational characteristics and patient-specific treatments with the implementation of early mobilization in ICU.

Keywords
early mobilization, critical care, critically ill patients, management, clinical practice