<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>Immunotherapy is considered to be the most important breakthrough in cancer management in the past few years. This success was based on the scientific understanding of immune mechanisms due to improvement in preclinical science and the introduction of new methods of investigation. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are among the most promising drugs in the field of immune-oncology; they represent monoclonal antibodies that modulate the effects of immune checkpoints, such as cytotoxic T lymphocyte Antigen 4 (CTLA-4) and Programmed Cell Death protein 1 (PD-1), which are co-inhibitory signals responsible for immune suppression. Despite clinical benefits, ICIs are immune activating agents that are associated with a number of important side effects (immune-related adverse events-irAEs), attributed to organ-specific inflammation. Herein, we review the toxicities of ICIs, highlighting the importance of early identification and management.</p></abstract>

Immunotherapy is considered to be the most important breakthrough in cancer management in the past few years. This success was based on the scientific understanding of immune mechanisms due to improvement in preclinical science and the introduction of new methods of investigation. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are among the most promising drugs in the field of immune-oncology; they represent monoclonal antibodies that modulate the effects of immune checkpoints, such as cytotoxic T lymphocyte Antigen 4 (CTLA-4) and Programmed Cell Death protein 1 (PD-1), which are co-inhibitory signals responsible for immune suppression. Despite clinical benefits, ICIs are immune activating agents that are associated with a number of important side effects (immune-related adverse events-irAEs), attributed to organ-specific inflammation. Herein, we review the toxicities of ICIs, highlighting the importance of early identification and management.

Overview and management of toxicities of immune checkpoint-blocking drugs

Forum of Clinical Oncology

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

{"article-title":"Overview and management of toxicities of immune checkpoint-blocking drugs"}

Immunotherapy is considered to be the most important breakthrough in cancer management in the past few years. This success was based on the scientific...

Overview and management of toxicities of immune checkpoint-blocking drugs

Article Category: Research Article

Published Online: Sep 17, 2016

Page range: 28 - 37

Received: May 27, 2016

Accepted: May 30, 2016

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/fco-2016-0004

Keywords
Immune checkpoint inhibitors, Immunotherapy, Toxicity, Immune-related adverse events

© 2016

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Overview and management of toxicities of immune checkpoint-blocking drugs

Article Category: Research Article

Published Online: Sep 17, 2016

Page range: 28 - 37

Received: May 27, 2016

Accepted: May 30, 2016

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/fco-2016-0004

KeywordsImmune checkpoint inhibitors, Immunotherapy, Toxicity, Immune-related adverse events

© 2016

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Keywords
Immune checkpoint inhibitors, Immunotherapy, Toxicity, Immune-related adverse events