<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p> Non-selective cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitors, commonly referred to as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), are among the most taken pharmaceuticals. In adults, they can have a series of side effects, including especially gastroenterotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, chondrotoxicity, and neurotoxicity, and they can induce allergic reactions. Any exacerbation of symptoms depends on the chemical structure of the drug, its dosage and duration of exposure, individual sensitivity, comorbidities and the degree of inhibition of basic COX isoenzymes - the constitutive (COX-2) and induced (COX-1) expressions. However, data on prenatal toxicity are inconsistent. Classic nonselective COX inhibitors do not result in an increase in the risk of developing significant congenital defects; however, if used in the late-pregnancy period, they can have an adverse effect on the foetus, by inducing the premature closure of the ductus arteriosus and by producing a tocolytic effect. Individual reports also indicate the increased risk of developing heart and anterior abdominal wall defects, as well as hypospadias.</p></abstract>

Non-selective cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitors, commonly referred to as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), are among the most taken pharmaceuticals. In adults, they can have a series of side effects, including especially gastroenterotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, chondrotoxicity, and neurotoxicity, and they can induce allergic reactions. Any exacerbation of symptoms depends on the chemical structure of the drug, its dosage and duration of exposure, individual sensitivity, comorbidities and the degree of inhibition of basic COX isoenzymes - the constitutive (COX-2) and induced (COX-1) expressions. However, data on prenatal toxicity are inconsistent. Classic nonselective COX inhibitors do not result in an increase in the risk of developing significant congenital defects; however, if used in the late-pregnancy period, they can have an adverse effect on the foetus, by inducing the premature closure of the ductus arteriosus and by producing a tocolytic effect. Individual reports also indicate the increased risk of developing heart and anterior abdominal wall defects, as well as hypospadias.

Organ and prenatal toxicity of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs

Human Anatomy Department, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 4, 20-090 Lublin, Poland

Chair and Department of Rehabilitation and Orthopaedics, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8, 20-950 Lublin, Poland

Current Issues in Pharmacy and Medical Sciences

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.

{"article-title":"Organ and prenatal toxicity of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs"}

Non-selective cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitors, commonly referred to as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), are among the most taken pharmaceuticals....

Organ and prenatal toxicity of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs

Published Online: Nov 26, 2015

Page range: 200 - 203

Received: Jul 09, 2015

Accepted: Aug 26, 2015

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/cipms-2015-0072

Keywords
NSAIDs, organ toxicity, developmental toxicity, reproductive toxicity

© 2015

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.

Organ and prenatal toxicity of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs

Published Online: Nov 26, 2015

Page range: 200 - 203

Received: Jul 09, 2015

Accepted: Aug 26, 2015

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/cipms-2015-0072

KeywordsNSAIDs, organ toxicity, developmental toxicity, reproductive toxicity

© 2015

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.

Keywords
NSAIDs, organ toxicity, developmental toxicity, reproductive toxicity