<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>Targeted genome editing using engineered nucleases such as ZFNs and TALENs has been rapidly replaced by the CRISPR/Cas9 (clustered, regulatory interspaced, short palindromic/ CRISPR-associated nuclease) system. CRISPR/Cas9 technology represents a significant improvement enabling a new level of targeting, efficiency and simplicity. Gene editing mediated by CRISPR/Cas9 has been recently used not only in bacteria but in many eukaryotic cells and organisms, from yeasts to mammals. Other modifications of the CRISPR-Cas9 system have been used to introduce heterologous domains to regulate gene expressions or label specific loci in various cell types. The review focuses not only on native CRISPR/Cas systems which evolved in prokaryotes as an endogenous adaptive defense mechanism against foreign DNA attacks, but also on the CRISPR/Cas9 adoption as a powerful tool for site-specific gene modifications in fungi, plants and mammals.</p></abstract>

Targeted genome editing using engineered nucleases such as ZFNs and TALENs has been rapidly replaced by the CRISPR/Cas9 (clustered, regulatory interspaced, short palindromic/ CRISPR-associated nuclease) system. CRISPR/Cas9 technology represents a significant improvement enabling a new level of targeting, efficiency and simplicity. Gene editing mediated by CRISPR/Cas9 has been recently used not only in bacteria but in many eukaryotic cells and organisms, from yeasts to mammals. Other modifications of the CRISPR-Cas9 system have been used to introduce heterologous domains to regulate gene expressions or label specific loci in various cell types. The review focuses not only on native CRISPR/Cas systems which evolved in prokaryotes as an endogenous adaptive defense mechanism against foreign DNA attacks, but also on the CRISPR/Cas9 adoption as a powerful tool for site-specific gene modifications in fungi, plants and mammals.

CRISPR/Cas in genome defense and gene editing

The Institute of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava

Acta Chimica Slovaca

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

{"article-title":"CRISPR/Cas in genome defense and gene editing"}

Targeted genome editing using engineered nucleases such as ZFNs and TALENs has been rapidly replaced by the CRISPR/Cas9 (clustered, regulatory interspaced,...

CRISPR/Cas in genome defense and gene editing

Published Online: Jun 08, 2016

Page range: 68 - 74

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/acs-2016-0012

Keywords
genome, CRISPR, Cas9, single guide RNA

© 2016 Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

CRISPR/Cas in genome defense and gene editing

Published Online: Jun 08, 2016

Page range: 68 - 74

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/acs-2016-0012

Keywordsgenome, CRISPR, Cas9, single guide RNA

© 2016 Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Keywords
genome, CRISPR, Cas9, single guide RNA