<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>The molecular dynamics simulations of the liquid-vapor equilibrium of water including both water phases — liquid and vapor — in one simulation are presented. Such approach is preferred if equilibrium curve data are to be collected instead of the two distinct simulations for each phase separately. Then the liquid phase is not restricted, e.g. by insufficient volume resulting in too high pressures, and can spread into its natural volume ruled by chosen force field and by the contact with vapor phase as vaporized molecules are colliding with phase interface. Averaged strongly fluctuating virial pressure values gave untrustworthy or even unreal results, so need for an alternative method arisen. The idea was inspired with the presence of vapor phase and by previous experiences in gaseous phase simulations with small fluctuations of pressure, almost matching the ideal gas value. In presented simulations, the first idea how to calculate pressure only from the vapor phase part of simulation box were applied. This resulted into very simple method based only on averaging molecules count in the vapor phase subspace of known volume. Such simple approach provided more reliable pressure estimation than statistical output of the simulation program. Contrary, also drawbacks are present in longer initial thermostatization time or more laborious estimation of the vaporization heat. What more, such heat of vaporization suffers with border effect inaccuracy slowly decreasing with the thickness of liquid phase. For more efficient and more accurate vaporization heat estimation the two distinct simulations for each phase separately should be preferred.</p></abstract>

The molecular dynamics simulations of the liquid-vapor equilibrium of water including both water phases — liquid and vapor — in one simulation are presented. Such approach is preferred if equilibrium curve data are to be collected instead of the two distinct simulations for each phase separately. Then the liquid phase is not restricted, e.g. by insufficient volume resulting in too high pressures, and can spread into its natural volume ruled by chosen force field and by the contact with vapor phase as vaporized molecules are colliding with phase interface. Averaged strongly fluctuating virial pressure values gave untrustworthy or even unreal results, so need for an alternative method arisen. The idea was inspired with the presence of vapor phase and by previous experiences in gaseous phase simulations with small fluctuations of pressure, almost matching the ideal gas value. In presented simulations, the first idea how to calculate pressure only from the vapor phase part of simulation box were applied. This resulted into very simple method based only on averaging molecules count in the vapor phase subspace of known volume. Such simple approach provided more reliable pressure estimation than statistical output of the simulation program. Contrary, also drawbacks are present in longer initial thermostatization time or more laborious estimation of the vaporization heat. What more, such heat of vaporization suffers with border effect inaccuracy slowly decreasing with the thickness of liquid phase. For more efficient and more accurate vaporization heat estimation the two distinct simulations for each phase separately should be preferred.

Water liquid-vapor equilibrium by molecular dynamics: Alternative equilibrium pressure estimation

Department of Chemical Physics, Slovak University of Technology, SK-812 37 Bratislava, Slovakia

Acta Chimica Slovaca

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

The molecular dynamics simulations of the liquid-vapor equilibrium of water including both water phases — liquid and vapor — in one simulation are presented....

Water liquid-vapor equilibrium by molecular dynamics: Alternative equilibrium pressure estimation

Published Online: Jun 08, 2016

Page range: 36 - 43

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/acs-2016-0007

Keywords
water, liquid-vapor equilibrium, molecular dynamics simulation, equilibrium pressure estimation, vaporization heat

© 2016 Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Water liquid-vapor equilibrium by molecular dynamics: Alternative equilibrium pressure estimation

Published Online: Jun 08, 2016

Page range: 36 - 43

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/acs-2016-0007

Keywordswater, liquid-vapor equilibrium, molecular dynamics simulation, equilibrium pressure estimation, vaporization heat

© 2016 Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Keywords
water, liquid-vapor equilibrium, molecular dynamics simulation, equilibrium pressure estimation, vaporization heat