This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License, which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Kuperminc MN, Gottrand F, Samson-Fang J, Arvedson J, Bell K, Craig GM, et al. Nutritional management of children with cerebral palsy: a practical guide. Eur J Clin Nutr 2013; 67: 21-3. 10.1038/ejcn.2013.227KupermincMNGottrandFSamson-FangJArvedsonJBellKCraigGMNutritional management of children with cerebral palsy: a practical guide20136721310.1038/ejcn.2013.227Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Sullivan, PB, Lambert B, Rose M, Ford-Adams M, Johnson A, Griffiths P. Prevalence and severity of feeding and nutritional problems in children with neurological impairment: Oxford Feeding Study. Dev Med Child Neurol 2000; 42: 674-80. 10.1111/j.1469-8749.2000.tb00678.x11085295SullivanPBLambertBRoseMFord-AdamsMJohnsonAGriffithsP.Prevalence and severity of feeding and nutritional problems in children with neurological impairment: Oxford Feeding Study2000426748010.1111/j.1469-8749.2000.tb00678.xOpen DOISearch in Google Scholar
Trier E, Thomas AG. Feeding the disabled child. Nutrition 1998; 14: 801-5. 10.1016/S0899-9007(98)00088-49785366TrierEThomasAG.Feeding the disabled child199814801510.1016/S0899-9007(98)00088-4Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Penagini F, Mameli C, Fabiano V, Brunetti D, Dilillo D, Zuccotti GV. Dietary intakes and nutritional issues in neurologically impaired children. Nutrients 2015; 7: 9400-59. 10.3390/nu711546926580646PenaginiFMameliCFabianoVBrunettiDDililloDZuccottiGV.Dietary intakes and nutritional issues in neurologically impaired children2015794005910.3390/nu7115469Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Shapiro BK, Green P, Krick J, Allen D, Capute AJ. Growth of severely impaired children: neurological versus nutritional factors. Dev Med Child Neurol 1986; 28: 729-33. 10.1111/j.1469-8749.1986.tb03924.x3817311ShapiroBKGreenPKrickJAllenDCaputeAJ.Growth of severely impaired children: neurological versus nutritional factors1986287293310.1111/j.1469-8749.1986.tb03924.xOpen DOISearch in Google Scholar
Fung EB, Samson-Fang L, Stallings VA, Conaway M, Liptak G, Henderson RC, et al. Feeding dysfunction is associated with poor growth and health status in children with cerebral palsy. J Am Diet Assoc 2002; 102: 361-73.10.1016/S0002-8223(02)90084-211902369FungEBSamson-FangLStallingsVAConawayMLiptakGHendersonRCFeeding dysfunction is associated with poor growth and health status in children with cerebral palsy200210236173Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Sullivan PB, Juszczak E, Lambert BR, Rose M, Ford-Adams ME, Johnson A. Impact of feeding problems on nutritional intake and growth: Oxford Feeding Study II. Dev Med Child Neurol 2002; 44: 46-67. 10.1111/j.1469-8749.2002.tb00307.xSullivanPBJuszczakELambertBRRoseMFord-AdamsMEJohnsonA.Impact of feeding problems on nutritional intake and growth: Oxford Feeding Study II200244466710.1111/j.1469-8749.2002.tb00307.xOpen DOISearch in Google Scholar
Samson-Fang L, Bell KL. Assessment of growth and nutrition in children with cerebral palsy. Eur J Clin Nutr 2013; 67: 5-8. 10.1038/ejcn.2013.223Samson-FangLBellKL.Assessment of growth and nutrition in children with cerebral palsy2013675810.1038/ejcn.2013.223Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Marchand V, Motil KJ; NASPGHAN Committee on Nutrition. Nutrition support for neurologically impaired children: a clinical report of the North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2006; 43: 123-35. 10.1097/01.mpg.0000228124.93841.eaMarc handVMotilKJNASPGHAN Committee on Nutrition. Nutrition support for neurologically impaired children: a clinical report of the North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition2006431233510.1097/01.mpg.0000228124.93841.eaOpen DOISearch in Google Scholar
Waterman ET, Koltai PJ, Downey JC, Cacace AT. Swallowing disorders in a population of children with cerebral palsy. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 1992; 24: 63-71. 10.1016/0165-5876(92)90067-YWatermanETKoltaiPJDowneyJCCacaceAT.Swallowing disorders in a population of children with cerebral palsy199224637110.1016/0165-5876(92)90067-YOpen DOISearch in Google Scholar
Benfer KA, Weir KA, Bell KL, Ware RS, Davies PS, Boyd RN. Clinical signs suggestive of pharyngeal dysphagia in preschool children with cerebral palsy. Res Dev Disabil 2015; 38: 192-201. 10.1016/j.ridd.2014.12.02125562439BenferKAWeirKABellKLWareRSDaviesPSBoydRN.Clinical signs suggestive of pharyngeal dysphagia in preschool children with cerebral palsy20153819220110.1016/j.ridd.2014.12.021Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Morgan AT, Dodrill P, Ward EC. Interventions for oropharyngeal dysphagia in children with neurological impairment. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2012; 10: CD009456. 10.1002/14651858.CD009456.pub223076958MorganATDodrillPWardEC.Interventions for oropharyngeal dysphagia in children with neurological impairment201210CD00945610.1002/14651858.CD009456.pub2Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Hirata GC, Santos RS. Rehabilitation of oropharyngeal dysphagia in children with cerebral palsy: A systematic review of the speech therapy approach. Int Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2012; 16: 396-9. 10.7162/S1809-9777201200030001625991964HirataGCSantosRS.Rehabilitation of oropharyngeal dysphagia in children with cerebral palsy: A systematic review of the speech therapy approach201216396910.7162/S1809-97772012000300016Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Martinez-Costa C, Borraz S, Benlloch C, Sanchiz V, Brines J. Early decision of gastrostomy tube insertion in children with severe developmental disability: a current dilemma. J Hum Nutr Diet 2011; 24: 115-21. 10.1111/j.1365-277X.2010.01146.x21332837Martinez-CostaCBorrazSBenllochCSanchizVBrinesJ.Early decision of gastrostomy tube insertion in children with severe developmental disability: a current dilemma2011241152110.1111/j.1365-277X.2010.01146.xOpen DOISearch in Google Scholar
Sullivan PB, Juszczak E, Bachlet AME, Lambert B, Vernon-Roberts A, Grant HW, et al. Gastrostomy tube feeding in children with cerebral palsy: a prospective, longitudinal study. Dev Med Child Neurol 2005; 47: 77-85. 10.1017/S001216220500016215707230SullivanPBJuszczakEBachletAMELambertBVernon-RobertsAGrantHWGastrostomy tube feeding in children with cerebral palsy: a prospective, longitudinal study200547778510.1017/S0012162205000162Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Brant CQ, Stanich P, Ferrari AP Jr. Improvement of children’s nutritional status after enteral feeding by PEG: an interim report. Gastrointest Endosc 1999; 50: 183-8.10.1016/S0016-5107(99)70222-110425410BrantCQStanichPFerrariAPJr.Improvement of children’s nutritional status after enteral feeding by PEG: an interim report1999501838Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Corwin DS, Isaacs JS, Georgeson KE, Bartolucci AA, Cloud HH, Craig CB. Weight and length increases in children after gastrostomy placement. J Am Diet Assoc 1996; 96: 874-9. 10.1016/S0002-8223(96)00239-88784331CorwinDSIsaacsJSGeorgesonKEBartolucciAACloudHHCraigCB.Weight and length increases in children after gastrostomy placement199696874910.1016/S0002-8223(96)00239-8Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Dahlseng MO, Finbråten A-K, Júliússon PB, Skranes J, Andersen G, Vik T. Feeding problems, growth and nutritional status in children with cerebral palsy. Acta Paediatr 2012; 101: 92–98. 10.1111/j.1651-2227.2011.02412.x21767308DahlsengMOFinbråtenA-KJúliússonPBSkranesJAndersenGVikT.Feeding problems, growth and nutritional status in children with cerebral palsy2012101929810.1111/j.1651-2227.2011.02412.x21767308Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Braegger C, Decsi T, Dias JA, Hartman C, Kolacek S, Koletzko B, et al. Practical approach to paediatric enteral nutrition: a comment by the ESPGHAN committee on nutrition. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2010; 51: 110-22. 10.1097/MPG.0b013e3181d336d220453670BraeggerCDecsiTDiasJAHartmanCKolacekSKoletzkoBPractical approach to paediatric enteral nutrition: a comment by the ESPGHAN committee on nutrition2010511102210.1097/MPG.0b013e3181d336d220453670Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Escuro AA. Blenderized tube feeding: suggested guidelines to clinicians. Pract Gastroenterol 2014; 138: 58-66.EscuroAA.Blenderized tube feeding: suggested guidelines to clinicians20141385866Search in Google Scholar
Sullivan MM, Sorreda-Esguerra P, Platon MB, Castro CG, Chou NR, Shott S, et al. Nutritional analysis of blenderized enteral diets in the Philippines. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr 2004; 13: 385-90.15563445SullivanMMSorreda-EsguerraPPlatonMBCastroCGChouNRShottSNutritional analysis of blenderized enteral diets in the Philippines20041338590Search in Google Scholar
Jalali M, Sabzghbaee MM, Badri SS, Soltani HA, Maracy MR. Bacterial contamination of hospital-prepared tube feeding formulas in Isfahan, Iran. J Res Med Sci 2009; 14: 149-56.21772876JalaliMSabzghbaeeMMBadriSSSoltaniHAMaracyMR.Bacterial contamination of hospital-prepared tube feeding formulas in Isfahan, Iran20091414956Search in Google Scholar
Borghi R, Araujo TD, Viera RIA, de Souza TT, Waitzberg DL. ILSI task force on enteral nutrition: estimated composition and costs of blenderized diets. Nutr Hosp 2013; 28: 2033-8. 10.3305/nutrhosp.v28in06.675924506385BorghiRAraujoTDVieraRIAde SouzaTTWaitzbergDL.ILSI task force on enteral nutrition: estimated composition and costs of blenderized diets2013282033810.3305/nutrhosp.v28in06.6759Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Hurt RT, Edakkanambeth Varayil J, Epp LM, Pattinson AK, Lammert LM, Lintz JE, et al. Blenderized tube feeding use in adult home enteral nutrition patients: A cross-sectional study. Nutr Clin Pract 2015; 30: 824-9. 10.1177/088453361559160226150105HurtRTEdakkanambeth VarayilJEppLMPattinsonAKLammertLMLintzJEBlenderized tube feeding use in adult home enteral nutrition patients: A cross-sectional study201530824910.1177/088453361559160226150105Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Edwards S, Davis AM, Bruce A, Mousa H, Lyman B, Cocjin J, et al. Caring for tube-fed children: A review of management, tube weaning, and emotional considerations. J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2016; 40: 616-22. 10.1177/0148607115577449EdwardsSDavisAMBruceAMousaHLymanBCocjinJCaring for tube-fed children: A review of management, tube weaning, and emotional considerations. J Parenter Enteral2016406162210.1177/014860711557744925791833Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
WHO AnthroPlus for personal computers Manual: for assessing growth of the world’s children and adolescents. Geneva: WHO; 2009. Available at http://www.who.int/growthref/tools/en/GenevaWHO2009Available athttp://www.who.int/growthref/tools/en/Search in Google Scholar
Deutsche Gesellschaft für Ernährung, Österreichische Gesellschaft für Ernährung, Schweizerische Gesellschaft für Ernährungsforschung, Schweizerische Vereinigung für Ernährung. [Reference levels for nutrient intake]. [German]. Neustadt: Neuer Umschau Buchverlag; 2008.Deutsche Gesellschaft für Ernährung, Österreichische Gesellschaft für Ernährung, Schweizerische Gesellschaft für Ernährungsforschung, Schweizerische Vereinigung für Ernährung[German]. NeustadtNeuer Umschau Buchverlag2008Search in Google Scholar
Bell KL, Samson-Fang L. Nutritional management of children with cerebral palsy. Eur J Clin Nutr 2013; 67: 13-6. 10.1038/ejcn.2013.225BellKLSamson-FangL.Nutritional management of children with cerebral palsy20136713610.1038/ejcn.2013.22524301003Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Gauld LM1, Kappers J, Carlin JB, Robertson CF. Height prediction from ulna length. Dev Med Child Neurol 2004; 46: 475-80. 10.1111/j.1469-8749.2004.tb00508.x15230461GauldLM1KappersJCarlinJBRobertsonCF.Height prediction from ulna length2004464758010.1111/j.1469-8749.2004.tb00508.xOpen DOISearch in Google Scholar
Slaughter MH, Lohman TG, Boileau RA, Horswill CA, Stillman RJ, Van Loan MD, Bemben DA. Skinfold equations for estimation of body fatness in children and youth. Hum Biol 1988; 60: 709-23.3224965SlaughterMHLohmanTGBoileauRAHorswillCAStillmanRJVan LoanMDBembenDA.Skinfold equations for estimation of body fatness in children and youth19886070923Search in Google Scholar
Gurka MJ, Kuperminc MN, Busby MG, Bennis JA, Grossberg RI, Houlihan CM, et al. Assessment and correction of skinfold thickness equations in estimating body fat in children with cerebral palsy. Dev Med Child Neurol 2010; 52: 35-41. 10.1111/j.1469-8749.2009.03474.xGurkaMJKupermincMNBusbyMGBennisJAGrossbergRIHoulihanCMAssessment and correction of skinfold thickness equations in estimating body fat in children with cerebral palsy201052354110.1111/j.1469-8749.2009.03474.x285911519811518Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
R Development Core Team. R: A language and environment for statistical computing. Vienna: R Foundation for Statistical Computing; 2009. ISBN 3-900051-07-0. Available at http://www.R-project.orgR Development Core Team. RViennaR Foundation for Statistical Computing2009ISBN 3-900051-07-0. Available athttp://www.R-project.orgSearch in Google Scholar
Sullivan PB. Gastrointestinal disorders in children with neurodevelopmental disabilities. Dev Disabil Res Rev 2008; 14: 128-36. 10.1002/ddrr.1818646021SullivanPB.Gastrointestinal disorders in children with neurodevelopmental disabilities2008141283610.1002/ddrr.1818646021Open DOISearch in Google Scholar
Durie PR, Moore DJ, Forstner GG. Malnutrition and the exocrine pancreas.In: Walker-Smith JA, McNeish AS, editors. Diarrhoea and malnutrition in childhood. London: Butterworth & Co. Publishers Ltd; 1986. p. 135-46.DuriePRMooreDJForstnerGG.Malnutrition and the exocrine pancreasWalker-SmithJAMcNeishASLondonButterworth & Co. Publishers Ltd19861354610.1016/B978-0-407-00401-6.50027-0Search in Google Scholar
Hamilton R. The effect of malnutrition on gut structure, function and healing after injury. In: Walker-Smith JA, McNeish AS, editors. Diarrhoea and malnutrition in childhood. London: Butterworth & Co. Publishers Ltd; 1986. p. 23-7.HamiltonR.The effect of malnutrition on gut structure, function and healing after injuryWalker-SmithJAMcNeishASLondonButterworth & Co. Publishers Ltd198623710.1016/B978-0-407-00401-6.50009-9Search in Google Scholar
Penny ME. Protein-energy malnutrition: patophisiology, clinical consequences, and treatment. In: Duggan C, Watkins JB, Walker WA, editors. Nutrition in paediatrics. Hamilton: BC Decker Inc; 2008. p. 127-41.PennyME.Protein-energy malnutrition: patophisiology, clinical consequences, and treatmentDugganCWatkinsJBWalkerWAHamiltonBC Decker Inc200812741Search in Google Scholar
Arrowsmith FE, Allen JR, Gaskin K, Sommerville H, Birdsall J, Barzi F, O’Laughlin EV. Nutritional rehabilitation increases resting energy expenditure of malnourished children with severe cerebral palsy. Dev Med Child Neurol 2012; 54: 170-5. 10.1111/j.1469-8749.2011.04166.x22224669ArrowsmithFEAllenJRGaskinKSommervilleHBirdsallJBarziFO’LaughlinEV.Nutritional rehabilitation increases resting energy expenditure of malnourished children with severe cerebral palsy201254170510.1111/j.1469-8749.2011.04166.x22224669Open DOISearch in Google Scholar