<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">The safety and comfort of the housing environment concerns both its functional, spatial and social structure. Current tendencies in the design of housing areas typically do not take the latter factor into account. based on an analysis of the spatial structure of european housing areas, an attempt was made to determine a number of the principles of shaping space that beneficially affect the formation of informal social relationships. The research method was based on a case study of three housing areas and their spatial structure, in reference to the principles concerning the shaping of social spaces inside housing areas as described in co-housing schemes proposed by (Durrett and McCamant).</abstract>

Common places – analysis of spatial structures conducive to their functioning

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">Research was undertaken in order to examine the ways colour has been coordinated in urban design in Poland and Slovakia – especially reasons and conditions under which colour planning started and thereafter operated. The methodology employed included an analysis of archival materials, interviews with designers and public officials as well as field studies. Five colour plans were analysed from the following points of view: the circumstances of their initiation, the methodology and process of their elaboration, the method and degree of implementation and their ‘life’ over the following years. The aim of this study is to compare and analyse the impact of individual colour plans in order to get an input for strengthening the professional and scientific approach to colour planning through lessons learnt from these examples.</abstract>

Does colour planning matter? Reflection on the impact and coordination of colour planning in Poland and Slovakia

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">The aim of the study is to determine the role of parish churches and adjacent parish facilities in a city’s spatial structure on the example of southern districts of Warsaw. The research includes a description of the parish structure development and characterisation of urban elements surrounding existing parish churches and architectonic elements of the ecclesial buildings which link them to the exterior space. Within the area analysed, initially rural settlements developed surrounding churches founded by Catholic religious orders or landowners and later have been included within the city limits. New ecclesial buildings were erected in parallel to the new residential area. The churches have an important influence on their urban surrounding form. Their influence often extends beyond their nearest surroundings due to the vertical elements of symbolical character, which are a clear reference point in the urban landscape.</abstract>

The role of parish churches and adjacent parish facilities in a city’s spatial structure

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">A glass pyramid, a sphinx and a Medieval Excalibur, an Eiffel tower, a Statue of Liberty, a Ponte Rialto with an escalator and a canal sailed by gondolas with Mickey Mouse – these are the faces of Las Vegas. Kitsch, excess and chaos are concepts that form the universe of the semantics of Las Vegas. We can also attempt to understand this identity, distinct both in its unbridled form and the ideas represented by the city, by referring to Bakhtin’s concept of the carnival.</abstract>

Media scholar (Audiovisual Arts Institute, UJ), president of the AP KunstArt Foundation

Fifty shades of Las Vegas

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">The aim of this study is to draw attention to the necessity of creating places revitalizing social life within the downtown public space. It is to underline the necessity of creating the scenographic background of the city life, through the creation of specified urban elements which have an impact on the city’s choreography. The study employs a multicriterial, original research method which allows the subject matter to be examined within the following aspects: spatio-compositional, semanto-perceptive, and socio-economic. As a result of investigation, the desired direction of the development activities has been achieved within the scope of the utilization of the trump areas for the creation of a creative public space and within the scope of the utilization of the deficit space for the creation of places – focal points of spatio-social activity contributing to the revitalization of the downtown area.</abstract>

Applying the idea of creativity – <italic>creative syntax</italic> as a tool of placemaking. Case study of the downtown area of Poznan in Poland

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">Alleys are one of the classical elements of open space topography as well as in cultural landscape and city space. These historical plant forms which have survived to our times require special conservatory attention – protective and maintenance works. In this study, one method of evaluating the condition of old trees is presented. The trees are the remains of the alley layout at the former manor house in Zemborzyce. In 2015, an inventory of alley trees was carried out and the internal structures of the examined trees were evaluated using sound tomograph PICUS. The non-invasive method used is especially recommended to evaluate the health condition of valuable, old trees. It allows us to examine each tree extensively and carry out individual procedures according to conservatory rules.</abstract>

Protection of historical trees in the city area using the example of a historical manor alley in Zemborzyce

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">This article is an attempt to analyse the use of the sphere in contemporary architecture in connection with first historical examples of designing with the use of this solid figure. The strong form, introduced by architects as a shape with complex symbolism, conveys various ideas contained in design projects. At the same time, the sphere reflects the tendency towards elementarisation of form, replacing figurative architecture with abstraction. Such a phenomenon constitutes a peculiar paradox in connection with the fact that spherical buildings are some of the most famous examples of <italic>architecture parlante</italic> in the Enlightenment.</abstract>

The sphere in architecture as an example of an elementary form

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">The European cultural heritage route of residences once belonging to the Radziwiłł family, located in the territories today belonging to Latvia, Lithuania, Belarus, Ukraine, and Poland, is demarcated by ca. fifty sites exhibiting high artistic and historical values. The ongoing research contributes to determining the value of the preserved historical sites, as well as assessing the risk they face. Development of a protection method at the level of the structure of the building, but also increasing the social and ethnic integration, will contribute to the creation of collective memory and identity of Europeans. The castle in Ołyka [Ukrainian: Olyka], one of the three centres of the Radziwiłł family fee tail, is one of the most distinguished examples of residential architecture in Volhynia. It has not been scientifically documented to date, which could constitute a foundation for the development of the building restoration project. Preserved to our time in a very bad technical condition, it awaits protection of its architectural heritage.</abstract>

On the European Cultural Heritage Route of Residence of the Radziwiłłs – Castle in Ołyka, Volhynia

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">This paper presents a sensitivity analysis related to the solution of a stationary, linear system of second order equations of motion obtained by the Finite Element Method. The Direct Differentiation Method was presented in this paper. The essence of this method is the explicit differentiation of the system of equations with respect to parameters. As a result, derivatives of vectors and matrices are obtained. The necessary material derivatives of vectors and matrices associated with the simplest 3D beam element are presented. Sensitivity analysis consists in searching for changes in physical quantities in relation to selected parameters. Ultimately, the sensitivity analysis comes down to calculating derivatives of specific functions with respect to parameters. Real and continuous design variables are considered.</abstract>

Sensitivity analysis of the dynamic response of a frame. Part I: Direct differentiation method

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">This paper is a continuation of the first part [7] where basic relations and derivatives related to the sensitivity analysis of the standard 3D beam element have been derived. This part presents the sensitivity analysis of dynamic response of a flat frame using the Direct Differentiation Method for harmonic and seismic excitations separately. Harmonic excitations are typicaly found if some equipment is placed on the stories of industrial buildings. In that case the practical benefit of determining the structure response and its derivatives allows to determine, for example, the vibration comfort of staff and determine the impact of particular structural parameters on the level of comfort. With regard to seismic excitations, determining the response of a structure and its derivatives allows to determine the level of impact of individual parameters on the response.</abstract>

Sensitivity analysis of the dynamic response of a frame. Part II: Harmonic and seismic excitations

AHEAD OF PRINT

Volume 121 (2024): Issue 1 (January 2024)

Volume 120 (2023): Issue 1 (January 2023)

Volume 119 (2022): Issue 1 (January 2022)

Volume 118 (2021): Issue 1 (January 2021)

Volume 117 (2020): Issue 1 (January 2020)

Volume 116 (2019): Issue 12 (December 2019)

Volume 116 (2019): Issue 11 (November 2019)

Volume 116 (2019): Issue 10 (October 2019)

Volume 116 (2019): Issue 9 (September 2019)

Volume 116 (2019): Issue 8 (August 2019)

Volume 116 (2019): Issue 7 (July 2019)

Volume 116 (2019): Issue 6 (June 2019)

Volume 116 (2019): Issue 5 (May 2019)

Volume 116 (2019): Issue 4 (April 2019)

Volume 116 (2019): Issue 3 (March 2019)

Volume 116 (2019): Issue 2 (February 2019)

Volume 116 (2019): Issue 1 (January 2019)

Volume 115 (2018): Issue 12 (December 2018)

Volume 115 (2018): Issue 11 (November 2018)

Volume 115 (2018): Issue 10 (October 2018)

Volume 115 (2018): Issue 9 (September 2018)

Volume 115 (2018): Issue 8 (August 2018)

Volume 115 (2018): Issue 7 (July 2018)

Volume 115 (2018): Issue 6 (June 2018)

Volume 115 (2018): Issue 5 (May 2018)

Volume 115 (2018): Issue 4 (April 2018)

Volume 115 (2018): Issue 3 (March 2018)

Volume 115 (2018): Issue 2 (February 2018)

Volume 115 (2018): Issue 1 (January 2018)

Volume 114 (2017): Issue 11 (November 2017)

Volume 114 (2017): Issue 10 (October 2017)

Volume 114 (2017): Issue 9 (September 2017)

Volume 114 (2017): Issue 8 (August 2017)

Volume 114 (2017): Issue 7 (July 2017)

Volume 114 (2017): Issue 6 (June 2017)

Volume 114 (2017): Issue 5 (May 2017)

Volume 114 (2017): Issue 4 (April 2017)

Volume 114 (2017): Issue 3 (March 2017)

Volume 114 (2017): Issue 2 (February 2017)

Volume 114 (2017): Issue 1 (January 2017)

Technical Transactions

 The Technical Transactions is an international scientific journal that publishes high quality research results of employees of scientific institutions. The journal was launched by the Lviv Polytechnic in 1883. Since 1946, the publishing tradition of the journal has been continued by the Cracow University of Technology.   Since 2013 onwards, Technical Transactions have been published exclusively in English. All articles are published in open access. The overall focus is on original and rigorous scientific research results which hold international significance.   The aim of Technical Transactions is primarily to enable scientific employees to disseminate original, scientific, theoretical or applied research and to present and promote their achievements on the international stage. Academic research spearheads the development of engineering science and technology. In order to guide this advancement and offer high-level international platform for engineering exchanges, Technical Transactions works with renowned experts and scholars worldwide. The high scientific level of the articles is the responsibility of the Scientific Council, which consists of outstanding specialists. Each text is reviewed by two independent reviewers from outside the author's home institution, including one with foreign affiliation. The content of each article is additionally language-checked by a native speaker.   The scope of the journal cover selected issues related to:    architecture and urban planning,   automation and robotics,   biomedical engineering, construction and operation of machinery,   construction,   electronics and electrical engineering,   energy,   physics,   computer science,   chemical engineering,   material engineering,   engineering environment,   mathematics,   mechanics,   chemical technology,   transport.    Archiving   Sciendo archives the contents of this journal in Portico - digital long-term preservation service of scholarly books, journals and collections.   Plagiarism Policy   The editorial board is participating in a growing community of Similarity Check System's users in order to ensure that the content published is original and trustworthy. Similarity Check is a medium that allows for comprehensive manuscripts screening, aimed to eliminate plagiarism and provide a high standard and quality peer-review process. 