First Bioresorbable Vascular Scaffold Implantation in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome in the Republic of Macedonia

Background: The term acute coronary syndrome (ACS) refers to any group of clinical symptoms compatible with acute myocardial ischemia. These high-risk manifestations of coronary atherosclerosis are important causes of the use of emergency medical care and hospitalization. We evaluated the feasibility and the acute performance of the everolimus-eluting bioresorbable vascular scaffolds (BVS) for the treatment of patients presenting with ACS.

Methods and results: The present investigation was a prospective, single-centre study. Clinical outcomes were reported at the 30-day, 6-month, 1 year and 2 years follow-up. The procedural success was 100.0%. After the BVS implantation a TIMI flow 3 was achieved in all 15 patients and the postprocedure percentage diameter stenosis was 16.4 ± 8.6%. No patients had angiographically visible residual thrombus at the end of the procedure. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) analysis was performed in 8 patients (53.3%) and showed that the post-procedure mean lumen area was 7.86 ± 1.81 mm², minimum lumen area 5.51 ± 1.58 mm². At the 30-day, 6-month, 1 year (15 patients) and 2 years follow-up (5 patients) target-lesion failure rate was 0%. Non-target vessel revascularization and target vessel myocardial infarction were not reported. No cases of cardiac death or scaffold thrombosis were observed.

Conclusion: BVS implantation in patients presenting with ACS appeared feasible, with high rate of final TIMI-flow 3 and good scaffold apposition.