Problems of the starting and operating of hydraulic components and systems in low ambient temperature: Part II Determining the clearance between cooperating elements during the hydraulic components start-up in extremely low ambient temperatures on the grounds of experimental research

Severe winters and sweltering summers which more and more often occur nowadays are the reason why machinery designers face many difficulties when designing devices which will be serviceable in extreme ambient conditions. Hence, defining the principles and conditions of safe operation of hydraulically driven machines and devices is essential for their designers and operators. For this reasons the author did a series of tests of hydraulic component and systems in thermal shock conditions (cooled-down components were supplied with hot working medium). The experimental tests were carried out in the laboratory of the Chair of Hydraulics and Pneumatics, Gdańsk University of Technology. They gave answer to the question how the effective clearance changes in such conditions and what parameters it depends on. Based on temperature graphs acquired from tests of heating up elements of hydraulic components it is possible to determine precisely change of clearance between cooperating elements.