The existence of a human body is conditioned by: food, sleep, respiration. Without air man can live approximately 4 minutes. A longer break in access of oxygen to the brain results in irreversible changes of its functioning. Majority of adultscannot breathe economically and rhythmically. If respiration has such importance for the normal life of a man it shouldconstitute a significant part of educational system. Only in few national cultures, including Asia (e.g. in Japan andChina) the ability to breathe was made into an art. There, this art is subject to special care throughout many years of life of a person and is an essential component of mental hygiene. Respiration has particular importance while practicing physical exercise. The correct combination of respiration rhythm and movement is a prerequisite to remain healthy and to keep the ability to work, as well as to achieve high results in sport. Scarce information about this important issue could be found in some handbooks concerning health maintenance, but they were not found in the theory of: movement teaching, recreation, anthropokinesiology. It was a little number of papers publish about this very important problem [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16]. The issue of rational respiration was the subject of particular interest of scientists several years ago, but recently it has become only marginal. Consequently, the aim of this paper was to: 1. Study the literature connected with respiration and movement rhythm. 2. To define which phase of respiration: expiration or inspiration is more important in different sport exercises. 3. Elaboration a classification of kind respiration phase and different sports. 4. Methods for creating the art of rational respiration. 5. Relation of rational respiration rhythm to endurance.
