<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> Several large-scale and fine-scale biomonitoring surveys were carried out in the Czech Republic to estimate current and long-term accumulated atmospheric deposition rates using moss, spruce bark and forest floor humus as bioindicators since the end of 1980s. The results of the bioindicator analyses significantly correlated with available figures of deposition rates detected at the EMEP or Czech national measurement stations. The moss monitoring programmes revealed position of about 7 hot spots of high deposition loads of about 35-40 elements and indicated spatiotemporal decrease in the element deposition rates caused by restructuralization of industry, desulphurization of coal power plants and ceased distribution of leaded petrol. The deposition loads of toxic and risk elements have significantly decreased since the end of 1980s; however, increasing atmospheric deposition rates of reactive nitrogen has been bioindicated recently. The fine-scale moss monitoring campaigns, for example, delimited deposition zones around selected emission sources, revealed changes in deposition rates after introducing new technologies or delimited contaminated area in the surroundings of a chlor-alkali plant after a catastrophic flood episode. Deposition ranges of main pollution sources were mapped depicting the aerial distribution of stable lead isotopic ratios in moss, because the isotopic ratios are highly specific for each pollution source.Monitoring the spruce bark parameters enabled to recognise the distribution of acid rain, dust and sulphate deposition rates and their spatiotemporal changes across the country between 1987 and 2010. The bark investigations along altitudinal profiles showed diminishing effect of air pollution on spruce bark parameters with increasing elevation. This phenomenon can be explained by a decreasing capacity of reduced tree crowns to trap air pollutants in the mountain environment. The mapping of element content in forest floor humus revealed position of long-term spots of high accumulation of industrial pollutants and Chernobyl-derived 137Cs in forests. Knowledge of these hot spots is important for health and environmental protection mainly in the areas where most of the former emission sources were cancelled and the current low atmospheric deposition rates may make a false impression of the clean landscape.The data of the Czech national moss biomonitoring surveys were accepted and stored in the database of UN ECE ICP-Vegetation for checking of air pollution and its possible effects on vegetation in Europe.</abstract>

Spatiotemporal Changes in Atmospheric Deposition Rates Across The Czech Republic Estimated in The Selected Biomonitoring Campaigns. Examples of Results Available For Landscape Ecology and Land Use Planning

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> Mining of minerals that have significant impact on landscape and landscape functions affects 1% of the land surface worldwide. In the Czech Republic the extent of mining sites is estimated to be more than 800 km2 and according to the state legislation the land affected by mining should be reclaimed. There are several approaches to land restoration, which are shortly reviewed in this article, from pure technical approach to one adopting natural processes. The review shows increasing appeal of scientist and conservationist to use natural processes e.g. natural or directed succession as an alternative method of post-mining sites or industrial deposits restoration due to growing evidence of conservational value of such sites in human dominated landscapes. The natural processes used for land restoration are often argued to be slow therefore the rate of spontaneous vegetation succession was assessed in stone quarries and on spoil heaps using a sequence of panchromatic aerial images. The results showed that natural processes act fast and vegetation can reach 100% cover within 10-15 years in granodiorite quarries and on spoil heaps.</abstract>

Restoration Practices Used on Post Mining Sites and Industrial Deposits in the Czech Republic with an Example of Natural Restoration of Granodiorite Quarries and Spoil Heaps

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> This article describes examples of material and waste management with a focus on select Upper Paleolithic and Mesolithic sites. It examines the structuring of space and landscape from the perspective of waste management as a certain need of natural human behavior. The article touches on the concept of purity and on defining the creation of waste.</abstract>

Waste Management in Hunter-Gatherer Communities

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> One of common methods of determining landscape change usually is to compare maps and photographic images of the same places in different time horizons. Landscape painting, which has a long and rich tradition in the Czech Republic, can be used similarly. Landscape-ecological interpretation of selected works by painters of the 19th century - Julius Mařák, František Kaván and Antonín Slavíček was done in this paper. Some pictures of the Českomoravská vrchovina (Bohemian-Moravian highlands) by Josef Jambor from the mid-20th century were used for detailed comparative analysis to the level of habitats. We compared 80 landscape paintings and found that most of the painted sceneries have changed for worse.</abstract>

Landscape Painting in Evaluation of Changes in Landscape

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> Geobiocoenological landscape typology, which is used in landscape planning in the Czech Republic, includes vegetation zonation of the landscape. Vegetation zones are determined by climatic conditions. Changes in climatic conditions will probably be manifested in the shift of vegetation zones in the landscape. Mathematical geobiocoenological model of vegetation zonation of the landscape is based on the general ecological relationship between the current vegetation zonation and present climatic conditions and the assumption that this general relationship will be maintained in the future. The paper presents the application of the model using the example of the prediction of changes in climatic conditions for the Norway spruce (the first-generation of the model) and grapevine (the second-generation of the model) in the Czech Republic. In the case of the Norway spruce example, the model shows that the predicted changes in climatic conditions will prevent the cultivation of the spruce in the Czech Republic outside its natural range in mountainous areas. The results of the presented model for grapevine show significant enlargement of areas climatically suitable for growing grapes within the studied area.These examples demonstrate the potential for the application of geobiocoenological landscape typology in the modeling of the effects of climate change in the landscape.</abstract>

Czech Technical University in Prague, Faculty of Transportation Sciences, Dpt. of Applied Informatics, Konviktská 20, 110 00 Praha 1, Czech Republic

Dpt. of Forest Botany, Dendrology and Geobiocoenology, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 3, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic

Dpt. of Development Studies, Faculty of Science, Palacky University Olomouc, 17. listopadu 12, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic

Dpt. of Geoinformatics, Faculty of Science, Palacky University Olomouc, 17. listopadu 12, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic

The Application of Geobiocoenological Landscape Typology in The Modelling of Climate Change Implications

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Journal of Landscape Ecology

The Journal of Landscape Ecology supports integration of knowledge from geo-, bio- and socio-sciences at the ecosystem and landscape level. Great emphasis is given to relationships between nature and culture including knowledge of ancient landscapes. The Journal publishes papers on spatial and temporal heterogeneity especially in the context of climate change and its impacts on terestrial environment across adequate scale hierarchy. Expertise from the spheres of land-use planning and design, habitat and landscape typology, ecosystem management, biodiversity protection and ecological restoration, and rules of ecological processes are promoted. The scope of the journal includes different landscapes and ecosystems of the world.  Why subscribe and read  Journal of landscape ecology publishes articles focused on spatial and temporal heterogeneity in natural and cultural landscape. Journal supports integration of geo-, bio- and sociosciences at the landscape level.  Why submit  Journal of Landscape Ecology is a peer-reviewed scientific journal according to standard procedure.  Rejection Rate   50%   Archiving  Sciendo archives the contents of this journal in Portico - digital long-term preservation service of scholarly books, journals and collections.  Plagiarism Policy  The editorial board is participating in a growing community of Similarity Check System's users in order to ensure that the content published is original and trustworthy. Similarity Check is a medium that allows for comprehensive manuscripts screening, aimed to eliminate plagiarism and provide a high standard and quality peer-review process. 