<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">This paper shows the in situ analysis of a primary settling tank (PST) at the Graz Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant (500 000 PE). The study aims at the deeper understanding of primary settling tanks behaviour by measurement of flow pattern within the tank and suspended solids (SS) separation.Measurement campaigns were carried out at different surface overflow rates (a main measure of PST load), that ranged from low to even higher values than recommended ones by design guidelines. During the measurements the inflowing and outflowing SS concentrations and loads were registered on-line. The flow pattern (3D velocity measurements, turbulence characteristics) was measured by using Acoustic - Doppler - Velocimetry (ADV) in raster [1]. The settling function was carried out by laboratory test at Budapest Central Wastewater Treatment Plant, which was investigated at representative concentration of PST.The measurements provided detailed insight into the flow and mass transport processes within the PST and valuable calibration and verification data for further CFD modelling.</abstract>

Institute of Civil Engineering, Ybl Miklos Faculty of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Szent Istvan University, Budapest, Hungary

Melyepterv Komplex Engineering, Budapest, Hungary

Novel Measurements in Primary Settling Tanks of Large Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">The article introduces main results of a research about defining parking needs to land use functions on the principles of sustainable mobility. Objective of the research was to find a method of determining differentiated, realistic (and environmentally friendly) parking standards applicable in the practice of urban planning and traffic design. Process of the work is briefly presented. Existing Hungarian practice of determining parking demands for different land use functions and zones is dealt with, pointing out problems, inconsequent issues and necessity of an urgent review. Factors to be taken into consideration (land use type, location within the city structure, accessibility and service level of public transportation system, simultaneity of usage land use zones, etc.) are listed. A model for calculation of realistic parking needs is shown. Needs and possible directions of further research are explained.</abstract>

Coherence Between Land Use and Parking in Sustainable Cities

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">The history of eco (organic) farming in Hungary has begun in 1983. Currently, approx. 2% of the agricultural area is managed this way. This research gives a survey on the architectural backgrounds of this specific land management type.Sustainability and energy conservation have brought along a new demand in the construction industry, including design and operation of agricultural buildings: the usage of energy efficient, environmentally friendly and preferably renewable energy based building alternatives.Among the energy-saving solutions we have to emphasize those passive systems in particular, which use the natural conditions (sunlight, shading, ventilation, gravity, etc.) on their own, without the help of mechanical equipment, and achieve energy efficiency by placing and structuring technological buildings accordingly.</abstract>

Using Passive Energy Systems in Ecofarm Architecture

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">Spatial ability development is of paramount importance in engineering training, especially for architects. The paper aims to compare results achieved by the world-wide Mental Rotation Test (MRT) at the University of Ljubljana and at the Ybl Faculty of SzIU in Budapest, with respect to total scores, improvement and hand preferences. The paper concludes that the mental rotation aspect of spatial intelligence can significantly be developed by Descriptive Geometry courses in both countries. Sophisticated statistical analysis, however, leads to new ideas in scoring MRT. The main goal of the paper is to present an alternative scoring system, which seems to be fairer and provides the expected statistical behavior of samples.</abstract>

Institute of Architecture, Ybl Miklós Faculty of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Szent István University, Budapest, Hungary

Department of Architectural Representation, Faculty of Architecture, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budapest, Hungary

Faculty of Architecture, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia

New Ideas in Scoring the Mental Rotation Test

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">The mechanical behaviour of eccentrically compressed stocky bars of rectangular cross section, having no-tension material is well known. The aim of the structural analysis is to determine the distribution of the stresses arisen from the effect of an eccentrically compressive force, i.e. to describe the shape of the stress block, and to calculate the compressive resistance of the bar. Some important details of the phenomenon could not be found in the technical literature. In our paper we study these details. We evaluate the analytical functions of the curves, bounding areas lain around the kern or the point of gravity, on which areas the eccentric force acts a pentagonal compressed zone arisen. Furthermore, we determine the resistance of the stocky bar in the cases of triangular and rectangular compressive zone.</abstract>

Additional Results to the Structural Analysis of Eccentrically Compressed Cross-Section Made of no Tension Material

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">In this article an extensive but not exhaustive review on different transformable systems - retractable roofs, deployable and retractable pantographic lattice systems, pop-up and snap-through type structures, tensegrity structures - used in architecture and civil engineering will be given. This study was carried out to explore earlier and current researches and technologies to demonstrate the available systems and their potential. However, the main goal of this article is to expose the wild range of structural systems requiring elaborate dynamical analysis, divers of them are still lacking profound calculation procedure.The reviewed systems are herein categorized in two groups: 1) multibody systems having additional controlling and stabilizing elements and 2) systems undergoing large deformation, and instability phenomena. The article will pan out about the applicable joint types, some of them involving friction and damping effects. For a better outline, simplified analysis of elementary segments of some reviewed systems is annexed.</abstract>

Institute of Scientific Computing, TU Braunschweig, Germany

Laboratory of Mechanics and Technology, Ecole Normale Superieure de Cachan, France

Overview of Highly Flexible, Deployable Lattice Structures Used in Architecture and Civil Engineering Undergoing Large Displacements

AHEAD OF PRINT

Volume 8 (2023): Issue 1 (November 2023)

Volume 7 (2019): Issue 2 (February 2019)

Volume 7 (2019): Issue 1 (February 2019)

Volume 6 (2018): Issue 1 (January 2018)

Volume 5 (2017): Issue 1 (April 2017)

Volume 4 (2016): Issue 1 (July 2016)

Volume 3 (2015): Issue 1-2 (December 2015)

Volume 2 (2014): Issue 2 (December 2014)

Volume 2 (2014): Issue 1 (July 2014)

Volume 1 (2013): Issue 2 (December 2013)

Volume 1 (2013): Issue 1 (July 2013)

YBL Journal of Built Environment

 "Ybl Journal of Built Environment” is an international scientific journal published by the Óbuda University, edited by Ybl Miklós Faculty of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Budapest. It aims to become a multidisciplinary forum for the presentation of original contributions, reviews and short communications in the broad field of theoretical, experimental, numerical and practical aspects of architecture, civil engineering, emergency management, fire safety and construction management. Other contributions covering engineering training are also welcome.   Why subscribe and read   Journal is devoted to professionals in either theoretical or empirical aspects of built environment in a wide range.   Why submit   The Journal offers good opportunity to disseminate research results that can be accessed on-line world wide. The authors receive reviews and evaluation by our international Editorial Board in a very short time.   Rejection Rate    35%      Archiving   Sciendo archives the contents of this journal in Portico - digital long-term preservation service of scholarly books, journals and collections.   Plagiarism Policy   The editorial board is participating in a growing community of Similarity Check System's users in order to ensure that the content published is original and trustworthy. Similarity Check is a medium that allows for comprehensive manuscripts screening, aimed to eliminate plagiarism and provide a high standard and quality peer-review process. 