<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">Qat leaves are chewed on a daily basis by approximately 10 million inhabitants of different countries. This study investigated the persistence of three insecticides most used in qat production, imidacloprid, acetamiprid and methomyl. These chemicals were applied separately on plots of ten qat trees each at the recommended application rates. Samples of qat leaves were collected separately at time 0 (1 h post-treatment) and 1, 3, 7, 12, 19, 26 and 37 days after application. The residues of the investigated pesticides were extracted and then quantified by liquid chromatography (LC-MS/MS). The half-lives of imidacloprid, acetamiprid and methomyl were 12.2, 11.7, and 5.1 days, respectively. Overall, our findings showed that imidacloprid and acetamiprid were more persistent than methomyl in qat leaves. Taking into account the maximum residue limits (MRL) in lettuce, due to lack of MRL in qat leaves, the residue concentrations were below MRL for imidacloprid 7 days after application, and 1 day after application for acetamiprid and methomyl.</abstract>

Center for Environmental Research and Studies, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia

Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia

Department of Environment, Faculty of Marine Science and Environment, Hodeidah University, Yemen

Persistence of imidacloprid, acetamiprid and methomyl in qat leaves

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">The available published information on the occurrence of resistance-breaking populations of root-knot nematodes (<italic>Meloidogyne</italic> spp.) on resistant tomato in Greece is updated. Within the period 1994-2013, 13 populations (11 <italic>M. javanica</italic> and 2 <italic>M. incognita</italic>) able to reproduce on resistant tomato had been recorded in the regions of Crete, Epirus, Thrace, Peloponissos and Macedonia. In the present study six more resistance-breaking populations, four <italic>M. javanica</italic> and two <italic>M. incognita</italic>, were detected in the period 2013-2014, all originating from greenhouse vegetables in Crete. Four of these populations, two <italic>M. javanica</italic> and two <italic>M. incognita</italic>, originated from the region of Ierapetra. This is the first time that such populations are found in this major area of greenhouse vegetable production of Crete.</abstract>

Department of Viticulture, Vegetable Crops, Floriculture and Plant Protection, Institute of Olive Tree, Subtropical Crops and Viticulture, N.AG.RE.F., Hellenic Agricultural Organization-DEMETER, PO BOX 2228, 71003, Heraklion, Crete, Greece

CFE-Center for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, P 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal

An update on the occurrence of resistance-breaking populations of root-knot nematodes (<italic>Meloidogyne</italic> spp.) on resistant tomato in Greece with six new records from Crete

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><italic>Fusarium subglutinans</italic> (Ascomycota: Nectriaceae) is known to have lethal effects on aphid species, while there are limited studies associated with other arthropods. In this study, the effect of different spore concentrations (1×104, 1×106 and 1×108 spores/ml) of <italic>F. subglutinans</italic> 12A, isolated from <italic>Aphis gossypii</italic> in Adana-Karataş (Turkey), was investigated on <italic>Frankliniella occidentalis</italic> (Pergande) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) females and on 2nd instar nymphs (only 1×106 spores/ml). The application method was by dipping and observations on mortality of females were conducted 24, 48, 72, 96 hours and 7 and 9 days after application. Mycosis was also observed on dead individulas. Mortality of nymphs was recorded during 8 days after application. Higher average dead females were found in the treatments compared to the control, but there was not significant difference between the tested concentrations (Mycosis rate recorded in 1×106 spores/ml was higher than those in 1×104 and 1×108 spores/ml). The highest and lowest mycosis rates were observed on the 7th and 3rd day, respectively. Average number of dead 2nd instar nymphs recorded in 1×106 spores/ml did not differ from control.</abstract>

Insecticidal effect of <italic>Fusarium subglutinans</italic> on <italic>Frankliniella occidentalis</italic> (Pergande) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae)

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">The occurrence of nematodes of the family Longidoridae was investigated in soil samples collected from cultivated and wild olives and grapevines in Crete. The first-stage juveniles of <italic>Xiphinema cretense</italic> and <italic>X. herakliense</italic> are described for the first time. The species <italic>X. israeliae</italic>, <italic>X. cretense</italic>, <italic>X. herakliense</italic> and <italic>Longidorus pseudoelongatus</italic>, previously recorded exclusively from olives in Crete, are herein reported in the rhizosphere of grapevines. Also <italic>L. iranicus</italic> is reported for the first time in cultivated olive, while <italic>X. italiae</italic> and <italic>L. closelongatus</italic> are reported for the first time in wild olive in Crete. Data on the occurrence of phytoparasitic nematode species in cultivated olives, wild olives and grapevines are updated with those previously published.</abstract>

Department of Viticulture, Vegetable Crops, Floriculture and Plant Protection, Institute of Olive Tree, Subtropical Crops and Viticulture, N.AG.RE.F., Hellenic Agricultural Organization-DEMETER, PO BOX 2228, 71003 Heraklion, Crete, Greece

Institute for Sustainable Agriculture (IAS), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Avenida Menéndez Pidal s/n, 14004 Córdoba, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario, ceiA3, Spain

Description of the first-stage juveniles of <italic>Xiphinema cretense</italic> and <italic>X. herakliense</italic> - Distribution of <italic>Xiphinema</italic> and <italic>Longidorus</italic> species in olive orchards and grapevines in Crete, Greece

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><italic>Prosopis farcta</italic> (Fabaceae) is a native and common perennial weed plant in Iran. In search of environmental-friendly control methods against <italic>P. farcta,</italic> we discovered the seed feeder moth <italic>Nephopterygia austeritella</italic> (Lepidoptera; Pyralidae) in central Iran and studied its bioecology for the first time from 2008 through 2009. Infestation pattern, larval feeding behaviour, developmental period, seasonal occurrence and the adverse impact of the moth on the reproductive organs of <italic>P. farcta</italic> were investigated. Diagnostic morphological characters of the fifth larval instar of <italic>N. austeritella</italic> are provided. Two gregarious ectoparasitoids were reared and identified as <italic>Apanteles subcamilla</italic> and <italic>Phanerotoma leucobasis</italic> (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). Mortality rates of the larvae were 3.03 and 13.44% in 2008 and 2009, respectively. Larvae destroyed 29.6-38.4% of the pods of their host plants. The potential of <italic>N. austeritella</italic> as an efficient biological control agent in IPM programs against <italic>P. farcta</italic> is discussed.</abstract>

Department of Plant Production, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources of Darab, Shiraz University, Darab, Iran

Department of Insect taxonomy, Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Tehran, Iran

Zoological Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia

Department of Plant Protection, Isfahan Research Center for Agriculture and Natural Resources, P.O.Box 81785-199, Isfahan, Iran

Bioecology of <italic>Nephopterygia austeritella</italic> (Lep.: Pyralidae), a potential biological control agent of <italic>Prosopis farcta</italic> (Fabaceae) in central Iran

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Hellenic Plant Protection Journal

 The Hellenic Plant Protection Journal (HPPJ) (ISSN 1791-3691) is the scientific publication of the Benaki Phytopathological Institute (BPI) replacing the Annals of the Benaki Phytopathological Institute (ISSN 1790-1480) which had been published since 1935. Starting from January 2008, the Hellenic Plant Protection Journal is published semiannually, in January and July each year.  HPPJ publishes scientific work on all aspects of plant health and plant protection referring to plant pathogens, pests, weeds, pesticides and relevant environmental and safety issues. In addition, the topics of the journal extend to aspects related to pests of public health in agricultural and urban areas.  Papers submitted for publication can be either in the form of a complete research article or in the form of a sufficiently documented short communication (including new records). Only original articles which have not been published or submitted for publication elsewhere are considered for publication in the journal. Review articles in related topics, either submitted or invited by the Editorial Board, are also published, normally one article per issue. Upon publication all articles are copyrighted by the BPI.  Manuscripts should be prepared according to instructions available to authors and submitted in electronic form through Editorial Manager. All submitted manuscripts are considered and published after successful completion of a review procedure by two competent referees.  The content of the articles published in HPPJ reflects the view and the official position of the authors. The information and opinions contained herein have not been adopted or approved by the HPPJ Editorial Board. The HPPJ Editorial Board neither guarantees the accuracy of the information included in the published articles nor may be held responsible for the use to which information contained herein may be put.  For all parties involved in the act of publishing (the author(s), the journal editor(s), the peer reviewers, and the publisher) it is necessary to agree upon standards of expected ethical behavior. HPPJ follows the ethics statements of De Gruyter journals, which are based on the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) Code of Conduct guidelines available at www.publicationethics.org.  Archiving  Sciendo archives the contents of this journal in Portico - digital long-term preservation service of scholarly books, journals and collections.  Plagiarism Policy  The editorial board is participating in a growing community of Similarity Check System's users in order to ensure that the content published is original and trustworthy. Similarity Check is a medium that allows for comprehensive manuscripts screening, aimed to eliminate plagiarism and provide a high standard and quality peer-review process. 

Hellenic Plant Protection Journal

Volume 9 (2016): Issue 2 (July 2016)

Persistence of imidacloprid, acetamiprid and methomyl in qat leaves

An update on the occurrence of resistance-breaking populations of root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) on resistant tomato in Greece with six new records from Crete

Insecticidal effect of Fusarium subglutinans on Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae)

Description of the first-stage juveniles of Xiphinema cretense and X. herakliense - Distribution of Xiphinema and Longidorus species in olive orchards and grapevines in Crete, Greece

Bioecology of Nephopterygia austeritella (Lep.: Pyralidae), a potential biological control agent of Prosopis farcta (Fabaceae) in central Iran

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