Alveolar echinococcosis in patient after cadaveric kidney transplantation

52-years old man years following the kidney transplantation from deceased donor was admitted to the hospital with fever and progressive abdominal pain. The patient was diagnosed with chronic hepatitis C seven years before admission. Graft function in posttransplant period was stable and optimal, the patient was treated with standard maintenance immunosupresive protocol (cyclosporine A, mycophenolate mofetil and low-dose prednison), metylprednisolon bolus therapy (1 g/m2 body surface area), was administered two months prior to admission due to creeping creatinine (suspection of acute rejection was not confirmed by biopsy). Empiric antibiotic treatment due to febrile status was ineffective. Abdominal ultrasound and computer tomography (CT) scan revealed three tumorous lesions in the liver, radical surgical intervention was not executable. Histological examination of the tissue from the lesions demostrated alveolar echinococcosis, serology for Echinoccocus multilocularis was positive. Long-term treatment by mebendazol 200 mg twice daily led to disappearance of the clinical symptoms, but after the therapy cessasion patient was again hospitalized with fever and progression of cystic lesions in CT scan. Following the mebendazol therapy reinstalation the clinical course of echinococcosis was improved and remained stable, transplant kidney failure occurred due to progression of interstitial fibrosis/tubular atrophy and chronic haemodialysis was initiated one year later.