Oxidative Damage to Proteins and Lipids During Ageing

The present work is a theoretical study in the field of monitoring oxidative damage to proteins and lipids during ageing. The basic terminology and interactions are discussed as well as the sources of oxidants and their elimination through antioxidant protection. We focus on the effects of oxidative stress on the biomolecules (proteins, lipids and DNA), the role of mitochondria, antioxidants, physical activity and caloric restriction in relation to ageing. Previous research indicates the crucial role of mitochondria in the ageing process by their formation of oxidants, the accumulation of oxidative damage to mtDNA and other biomolecules leading to impairment of mitochondrial function, energy failure, apoptosis and necrosis. Although the role of oxidative stress in the ageing process is evident and well documented, the precise mechanisms of its relationships remain largely unknown. Further research is needed to clarify them and to show ways to slow down the ageing process.