Open Access

The emergence of lincosamide and macrolide resistance in Streptococcus pyogenes from Pakistan


Cite

Background

Many reports from developing and developed countries have shown increased resistance against macrolides and other antibiotics among Streptococcus pyogenes or group A streptococci (GAS).

Objectives

To study the current resistance pattern of S. pyogenes in Pakistan to commonly prescribed antibiotics.

Materials and Methods

Altogether, 85 (53%) of S. pyogenes strains were isolated and collected from 160 various clinical specimens from patients in Pakistan.

Results

Among other strains, 51 (32%) group D streptococci, 15 (9%) group B streptococci, 7 (4%) group G streptococci, and 2 (1%) group C streptococci were also identified. Predominantly, S. pyogenes were isolated from throat swabs (55%), followed by pus (17%), tissues (12%), and blood or wound swabs (7%). The majority of the S. pyogenes isolates were collected during the rainy season (55%) followed by cool season (40%), while merely 5% strains were isolated during the hot season, indicating a correlation of GAS incidence with seasonal changes. The highest rate of resistance was observed against clindamycin (29%), followed by macrolides (20%), and ciprofloxacin (14%). However, all strains of GAS were sensitive to penicillin and co-amoxiclav.

Conclusions

The emergence of lincosamide and macrolide resistance among GAS is a major problem worldwide which is probably due to misuse of antibiotics, self-medication, or frequent use of these antibiotics.

eISSN:
1875-855X
Language:
English
Publication timeframe:
6 times per year
Journal Subjects:
Medicine, Assistive Professions, Nursing, Basic Medical Science, other, Clinical Medicine